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Introduction: We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of International Prostate Symptom Score voiding symptom score (IPSS-VS) and Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms-short form voiding score (BFLUTS-VS) in female patients with urodynamically diagnosed voiding dysfunction. Methods: The medical records of female patients who underwent urodynamic examination between May 2007 and November 2021 for lower urinary tract complaints were retrospectively evaluated. A total of 1858 female patients were included in the study. Patients investigated between 2007 and 2014 were asked to fill the IPSS, and patients investigated after 2015 were asked to fill the BFLUTS-SF. Results: The mean age of the patients was 49.06 ± 0.33 in the IPSS group and 50.02 ± 0.47 in the BFLUTS group. On the pressure flow study, voiding dysfunction was found in 14.8 (n = 95) in the IPSS group and 15.1 (n = 183) in the BFLUTS group. The area under curve value was found to be 0.58 for IPSS and 0.64 for BFLUTS. Threshold values were found as >9 for IPSS-VS and >4 for BFLUTS-VS. The sensitivity, specificity, false negative, and false positive rates for IPSS-VS were 33.3, 78.8, 66.7, and 21.2, respectively. The same parameters were 45.5, 78.9, 54.5, and 21.1 for BFLUTS-VS, respectively. Conclusion: The diagnostic performance of both the questionnaires was found to be low for diagnosing voiding dysfunction in female patients according to our data. Therefore, the assessment of the voiding phase in women should not solely rely on the current questionnaires. However, further studies using questionnaires including all voiding symptoms are required., Author(s): Mehmet Erkan Erbay (corresponding author) [1]; Burcu Hanci Sevinç [2]; Fatih Tarhan [3] INTRODUCTION Female voiding dysfunction is defined as 'symptoms and urodynamic investigations as abnormally slow and/or incomplete [...]

Introduction: The primary objective of this investigation is to explore the impact of ejaculation on urinary flow rates in men experiencing lower urinary tract symptoms. Materials and Methods: This study involved the enrollment of 55 male patients who presented with lower urinary tract symptoms. An assessment encompassed components, including medical history, questionnaires related to sexual activity and lower urinary tract symptoms, bladder diary, physical examination, urinalysis, urine culture, ultrasound examination and measurements of serum prostate‐specific antigen, free flow uroflowmetry, and post‐void residual urine volume. All participants were instructed to abstain from ejaculation for 3 days before undergoing uroflowmetry (UF1). Subsequently, they were required to ejaculate. Subsequent uroflowmetry assessments were conducted at 2 to 4 h (UF2) and 48 to 50 h (UF3) after ejaculation. No further ejaculations were permitted during this timeframe. Results: The patients had a mean age of 50.97 ± 1.47 years. Statistically significant differences were observed in the mean values of Qmax and corrected Qmax (cQmax) between UF1 and UF2 measurements (p < 0.05). These differences were only in patients with benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the number of patients with Qmax <15 mL/s showed a statistically significant difference between UF1 and UF2 measurements, specifically in the BPE group (p = 0.016). Conclusions: In this study, we have observed a significant and temporary increase in the Qmax following ejaculation, particularly among patients with BPE. This indicates that ejaculation can potentially complicate the interpretation of uroflowmetry results. Therefore, further research is necessary to gain a more comprehensive understanding of this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aims: Chronic pelvic pain is defined as pain located to the pelvis or lower abdominal region, lasting for at least 6 months, and not associated with menstruation, coitus or pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of transverse friction massage on pain and quality of life in women with chronic pelvic pain. Methods: A total of 20 women participated in this study. Eight sessions of transverse friction massage were performed twice a week for 4 weeks, with each session lasting 30 minutes. Pelvic floor muscles (in terms of tenderness, trigger point, spasm and scar presence) were evaluated by digital palpation by an expert physiotherapist. The outcome measures used were the visual analogue scale, the 36-item Short Form-36 Survey and the Beck Depression Inventory. Participants were evaluated before treatment, at the end of the treatment, and 4 weeks after the end of the treatment. Results: Participants' mean age was 49.7 ± 0.31 years. There was a decrease in pain intensity and an increase in quality of life scores (P<0.001), but no statistically significant improvement in depression status at the end of the treatment (P>0.001). Four weeks after the end of the treatment, significant decreases in pain severity, quality of life and depression were observed (P<0.001). Conclusions: Transverse friction massage is a feasible treatment option that can safely be used by physiotherapists to treat patients with chronic pelvic pain. It is inexpensive and can help to reduce pain and increase patients' quality of life. Randomised controlled trials are recommended to further confirm the findings from this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We compared the success and complication rates of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) performed with semi-rigid ureterorenoscopy (srURS) or flexible ureterorenoscopy (fURS) for isolated renal pelvic stones. Materials and Methods: A total of 247 patients who underwent RIRS with fURS (n=179; group 1) or srURS (n=68; group 2) were included in this study. Various factors related to patients, stones and surgical procedures were evaluated retrospectively. Results: There was no difference between the patient groups according to mean age (49.12±1.10 years vs 49.59±1.60 years, p=0.745), gender distribution (p=0.152), mean hounsfield unit values (941±31.41 vs 1036±44.47 p=0.077), and mean hospitalization time (3.57±0.19 days vs 4.59±0.57, p=0.224). In group 1, the mean stone size (14.5±0.73 mm vs 15.5±0.62 mm, p=0.019) was statistically lower and the operative time (79.73±3.38 min vs 70.65±8.61, p=0.041) was statistically higher than those of group 2. The overall success rate in group 1 and group 2 was 93.9% and 63.6%, respectively (p<0.0001). The complication rate in group 2 (23.5%) was higher than that of the group 1 (12.3%) (p=0.047). Conclusion: According to our results, the success rate of srURS was lower and the complication rate was higher than that of fURS. Therefore, we conclude that srURS was unsafe and unsuccessful for use in the treatment of pelvic stones. Prospective studies involving intrarenal pressure measurement and cost analysis must reach a conclusion in this respect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Southern Clinics of Istanbul Eurasia is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate the differences between urodynamic findings and history in women with urinary incontinence before surgery and clarify the need for preoperative pressure-flow studies. Materials and methods: The medical records of 1018 women who underwent urodynamic examination for urinary incontinence between 2010 and 2015 were evaluated retrospectively. Stress (n = 442), urge (n = 334) and mixed (n = 242) were classified as type urinary incontinence according to urodynamics. The voiding phase findings of the patients were examined. Results: The mean age of the patients was 47.85 ± 0.27 years. 18.4% of patients (n = 187) had voiding phase problems. Furthermore, this condition was seen in the most urge incontinence type urinary incontinence (35%). There was a statistically significant difference between the groups' voiding phase findings (p < 0.0001). The relationship between the patient's history and international consultation on incontinence questionnaire form scoring (ICIQ) and the urodynamics results showed no excellent correlation. Conclusions: Voiding phase abnormalities are not uncommon in patients with urinary incontinence. They should be considered in the evaluation of patients. Voiding phase findings may show significant differences between urodynamic data and history. Besides, the data obtained with the questionnaire forms were significantly different from the findings obtained by urodynamics. Consequently, urodynamics may change pre-operative clinical decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/aim: To develop the first Turkish version of the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIHCPSI) questionnaire and to investigate its validity and reliability in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and healthy controls. Material and methods: A total of 204 patients, 116 CP/CPPS and a control group which consisted of 88 healthy individuals were included in this prospective study. The NIH-CPSI form was first translated into Turkish and later on back into English. Using the Turkish version of the NIH CPSI, 40 patients completed the same questionnaires twice at 2-week intervals for test-retest concordance. To evaluate internal consistency and test-retest reliability, Cronbach's alpha value, and the Spearman correlation test were utilized respectively. Results: Our findings demonstrated statistically significant differences in NIH-CPSI scores between the patients and control groups (P <0.001). Cronbach's alpha coefficient value of NIH-CPSI was 0.864. Reliability of test-retest was 0.909 (P <0.001). Additionally, the Spearman correlation test showed that the results obtained using the Turkish NIH-CPSI were significantly correlated. Conclusion: The first Turkish version of the NIH-CPSI was found to be a reliable and valid instrument for Turkish patients with chronic prostatitis in both clinical and research settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to compare detrusor overactivity (DO) subtypes namely terminal (TDO) and phasic (PDO) in terms of frequency, etiologic reasons, urodynamic findings and relationships with neurological diseases. Patients' characteristics including age, gender, neurological diseases, were noted. Bladder volume on the first desire to voiding (FSD), the strong desire to voiding (SDV), maximum bladder capacity (MBC), bladder compliance (BC), presence and type of DO, and amplitude of DO (Ad) were also noted during the IUDS. Patients with TDO and PDO were compared in terms of patient characteristics, urodynamic parameters, and neurological diseases. 1018 patients were enrolled in the study. Neurological disease was noted in 180 patients; spinal cord trauma (SCT):46, Alzheimer Disease (AD):8, Parkinson's Disease (PD):12, spina bifida (SB):21, epilepsy (ED):18, cerebrovascular disease (CVD):20 and Multiple Sclerosis (MS):55. Urodynamic DO was observed in 882 patients (neurogenic-DO:149 and idiopathic-DO:733), (PDO:837, TDO:45). A significant difference was observed between the groups regarding the FSD, MBC and Ad (p=0.032, p=0.049 and p=0.001 respectively). However, no difference was observed in BC (p=0.510). The incidence of TDO and PDO was 6% and 5% for neurogenic-DO and 94% and 95% for the idiopathic-DO, respectively (p=0.327). Among the neurogenic diseases only patients with SCT had significant differences regarding type of DO (TDO 11.1%, PDO 3.1%) (p= 0.04). Neurogenic diseases are not a significant risk factor for TDO. Spinal cord trauma is associated with higher rates of TDO compared to other neurogenic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the contractile effects of oxytocin (OT) in human detrusor muscle in in vitro conditions.Material and Methods: Human detrusor muscle samples were obtained from seven patients that undergone radical cystectomy. Four female Wistar rats' uterine samples were used as control. Contractile responses were tested of carbachol in organ bath. Cumulative concentration response curves were constructed to OT and then the strips were incubated with atosiban (OT antagonist) and a second concentration response curve to OT were constructed.Results: Carbachol, contracted all human strips for the functionality test whereas OT in any concentrations did not produce significant contraction on all human strips. In only one bladder strip and in a very high concentration slight contraction was recorded. Moreover no contractile response was recorded in any OT concentrations in the presence of atosiban. The rat uterine strips responded to OT in a dose dependent manner. Atosiban, the OT receptor antagonist diminished totally those contractile responses.Conclusion: It is been demonstrated here that there is no contractile response to OT in human detrusor muscle. These findings should be supported by further investigations determining the presence of the OT receptor in human detrusor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and validate the Turkish version of the Bladder Control Self-assessment Questionnaire (B-SAQ). Materials and Methods: B-SAQ that comprises two parts and four questions in each section was translated into Turkish, followed by a backtranslation into English. The study included 79 and 49 women who were admitted to the urology outpatient clinic with and without complaints of lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS), respectively. Turkish B-SAQ questionnaire was filled for the second time by 67 patients after a two week interval for test-retest correlation. All patients filled the Turkish B-SAQ form, "International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form" (ICIQSF) and "Overactive Bladder Screener" (OAB-V8) questionnaire. Results: The Cronbach alpha value for B-SAQ was 0.868. Reliability of the test/retest was found to be 0.860 (p<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in B-SAQ scores between the controls and patients (p<0.001). Convergent validity analyzes with ICIQ-SF and OAB-V8 (respectively r=0.61 and r=0.44, p<0.001). The total B-SAQ cut-off score was determined as 7. The sensitivity and specificity of B-SAQ were 96% in women with LUTS. Conclusion: Turkish version of B-SAQ is a valid and reliable questionnaire to evaluate the symptoms and disorders of patients with LUTS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Urological Surgery is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study compared the safety and efficacy of the on‐demand (OD) use of sertraline (50 mg), sertraline (100 mg) and dapoxetine (30 mg), and the daily use of sertraline (50 mg) in the treatment of patients with premature ejaculation (PE). This prospective randomised study involved 120 lifelong PE patients (intravaginal ejaculatory latency time [IELT]: <1 min; Arabic Index of Premature Ejaculation [AIPE] score: < 30) without secondary causes of PE, identified between March 2018 and May 2020. Patients were divided into 4 groups (30 patients per group) and treated for 8 weeks. Assessments were conducted using the AIPE form as a diagnostic tool. Sertraline (50 mg, daily; 196.7 ± 115.5 s) and sertraline (100 mg, OD; 173.3 ± 97.0 s) had similar IELT and AIPE scores. The latter groups had better results in comparison with sertraline (50 mg, OD; 100.5 ± 54.4 s) and dapoxetine (93.7 ± 53.5 s; p < 0.01). Sertraline (100 mg, OD) had a similar efficacy to that of sertraline (50 mg, daily) and was more effective than sertraline (50 mg, OD) and dapoxetine (30 mg, OD). Sertraline (100 mg, OD) can be considered in the treatment of lifelong PE treatment, having tolerable side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the possible effects of calyceal choice for renal puncture under sonographic guidance on the outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL). Materials and Methods: A total of 70 patients for whom ultrasound-guided PNL was planned for 20–30-mm single renal pelvic stones were prospectively allocated to group 1 (n:35) with middle calyx entry or group 2 (n:35) with lower calyx entry. Procedure-related parameters such as duration of operation, stone-free rates, complication rates, and radiation exposure time were analyzed in detail. Results: The mean age of the patients was 45.67 ± 1.50 years and the mean stone size was 316.4 ± 17.95 mm2. There was no significant difference regarding the age, BMI, stone burden, and the grade of hydronephrosis between the groups. Skin to collecting system distance was significantly shorter in the middle calyx entrance (p = 0.021). Total duration of the procedure was again significantly shorter in group 1 cases (74.69 ± 2.94 min) than in group 2 (84.29 ± 4.25 min) (p = 0.003). Regarding the success rates, the postoperative stone-free rate was higher in group 1 (91.4% in group 1, 80.0% in group 2, p = 0.305). Last, there was no statistically significant difference in hemoglobin reduction rates, blood transfusion requirements, and complication rates between the 2 groups. Conclusion: Getting access to the renal pelvis through the middle calyx during ultrasonic guided PNL procedure is more advantageous to lower the calyceal approach by reducing both the duration of the PNL procedure with significantly higher stone-free and comparable complication rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this non-controlled trial was to investigate the effects of a homebased pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) and bladder training (BT) in urinary incontinence (UI) among women. Patients and methods: The study included 25 individuals who were diagnosed with UI. PFMT which strengthens pelvic floor muscles was described to patients in litotomy position with using digital palpation method. PFMT was given as homebased exercise program for six weeks, 7 days a week and ten times a day. BT was planned according to the symptoms of the patients. Assessments were done at the beginning and at the end of the six weeks exercise program. The outcome measures were UI severity measured by pad test and QoL measured by King's Health Questionnaire. The secondary outcome measure was lower urinary tract symptoms and sexual health measured by Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Index. Results: Pre- and post-treatment assessments done with pad test showed that there was a statistically significant decrease in the severity of UI (p = 0.002). The difference between preand post-treatment QoL scores (p = 0.001) and lower tract symptom scores were also statistically significant (p = 0.000). Conclusions: When PFMT and BT were given together there was a decrease in the symptoms and increases the QoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the causes of anxiety about surgery and to assess the impacts of informing about the surgical procedures on anxiety. Methods: Between 18 and 65 years old, 497 patients who were scheduled for elective surgery in the Urology Clinic were included in this study. At the preoperative period, patients were asked to complete the following forms twice, before and after informing about surgery: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) and the form containing causes of anxiety. Mean scores of STAI and VAS were classified as low, moderate, and high. Results: The mean age of the patients was 56.54±0.58 and the mean STAI value was 39.16±0.42. Factors increasing the level of anxiety were female gender, unemployment and lack of surgical history (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was found among STAI and VAS scores of the age, educational level, disease (benign - malign) and operation groups. The most frequent causes of anxiety were post-operative pain (38.3%), fear of organ loss (21.3%) and quality of life impairment (18.9%). However, the first reason for anxiety in the group with a high anxiety score was fear of death. After the patients had been informed, the STAI and VAS scores increased. The anxiety levels increased after informing especially the patients who were unemployed women, low educated and undergoing group A (major) operation (p<0.05). STAI was positively correlated with VAS but negatively correlated with EQ-5D (p<0.01). Conclusion: It is observed that the patients who will undergo urological surgery have a moderate anxiety level and the most common cause is postoperative pain. Informing patients in the preoperative period increases the anxiety level. Hence, their quality of life is adversely affected. To understand the effects of informing on anxiety more clearly, new studies, including an uninformed control group, should be conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Southern Clinics of Istanbul Eurasia is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common problem and severely impairs the quality of life (QoL). We aimed to investigate the effects of different treatment options on voiding symptoms and QoL in patients with urinary phenotype according to the UPOINT system. Matherial and methods: Ninety-six patients with NIH category II,III CP/CPPS were included in the study prospectively. After the diagnosis, the questionnaires including NIH Chronic prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Overactive Bladder Screening Questionnaire (OAB-V8), and Beck depression inventory were filled by the patients. The patients with urinary phenotype were treated by alpha-blocker, antimuscarinic or both therapy modalities (combined) considering the specific therapy recommendations by UPOINT. The questionnaires applied on the first visit were reapplied after one month and treatment success was evaluated. Results: Seventy-three patients were included in 'Urinary phenotype' group (76%) and 23 were included in 'other phenotypes' (24%) group of the patients according to the UPOINT classifi- cation. Significant improvements of symptoms were observed with the all treatment modalities when the NIH-CPSI, IPSS and OAB-V8 scores were compared before and after treatment in the 'Urinary phenotype' group. Significant differences in the percentage of change in values were obtained in the anticholinergic group for pain subdomain of NIH-CPSI and IPSS scores. Conclusion: U-POINT clasification is useful for deciding on the treatment modality in CP/CPSS patients. We showed anticholinergic therapy might be effective option. Addition to the symptomatic recovery, there is need more further studies about effectivity cholinergic system in the prostate tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the level of knowledge of autonomic dysreflexia among physicians practicing in different disciplines namely anesthesia and reanimation, emergency, neurology, neurosurgery, urology, and physical medicine and rehabilitation departments. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a questionnaire consisting of seven questions, which was completed in a prospective manner by 95 physicians (residents and consultants) in our tertiary care hospital. Results: None of the questions asked in the questionnaire could be replied by 38 (40%) of 95 physicians in the hospital. Only one physician did reply all the questions completely. The mean value of the mark given was 2.00±2.04 for consultants and 1.10±1.37 for residents (p=0.039). Our data showed that while only 27% of the physicians have received training on autonomic dysreflexia; 18% of physicians had a previous experience with patients having autonomic dysreflexia. Conclusion: Taking the potential serious complications of autonomic dysreflexia into account, necessary information on this emergency status should be given to physicians. We believe that to reach a more precise conclusion about awareness of physicians on autonomic dysreflexia, multicenter studies with larger number of participants are certainly necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/aim: We developed a Turkish version of the Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction Questionnaire (BBDQ) and evaluated its psychometric properties among Turkish pediatric patients. Materials and methods: The BBDQ was translated into Turkish and then it was back-translated into English. A total of 193 patients were asked to complete the Turkish version of the BBDQ as well as the Dysfunctional Voiding and Incontinence Scoring System (DVISS). In addition, 39 children completed the same questionnaires twice at 2-week intervals for test--retest evaluation. Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the BBDQ was 0.727. Reliability of the test/retest was 0.759 (P < 0.001). Area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic plot was 0.765. There were statistically significant differences in BBDQ scores between the controls and patients (P < 0.001). Analysis demonstrated moderate convergent validity against the DVISS (r: 0.78, r²: 0.601, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The Turkish version of the BBDQ is a reliable and valid instrument for Turkish pediatric patients with bladder and bowel dysfunction in clinical and research settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with suspected penile fracture. Materials and Methods: A total of 122 patients admitted to our inpatient clinic with a suspicion of penile fracture following a recent history of penile trauma and who underwent surgical exploration were included this study. A thorough physical examination, a detailed medical history, description of the trauma, and preoperative International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) scores were obtained for each patient prior to surgery. Thirty-eight of these patients were evaluated with MRI before the surgical exploration. Intraoperative findings were also recorded. Physical findings and IIEF scores were also recorded at postoperative 6 months. Results: The mean age of our patient group was 36.5±12.3 years. Penile fracture was detected in 105 of 122 patients in whom surgical exploration was performed owing to a suspected diagnosis. The mean time interval from penile trauma to hospital admittance was 9.9±15.1 hours. No cavernosal defect was detected in 9 of 84 patients (10.7%) who were not evaluated with MRI prior to surgery. Compared with surgical exploration, MRI findings showed 100% (30 of 30) sensitivity and 87.5% (7 of 8) specificity in the diagnosis of penile fracture. MRI had a high negative predictive value of 100% (7 of 7) and a positive predictive value of 96.7% (30 of 31) with just 1 misdiagnosed patient. Conclusions: MRI is a reliable diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of penile fractures. Compared to history and physical findings taken all together, the high sensitivity and specificity of this imaging technique can decrease the number of unnecessary surgical explorations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the true necessity of open end ureteral catheter insertion in patients with moderate to severe pelvicalyceal system dilation treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) under sonographic guidance. Patients and methods: 50 cases treated with PNL under sonographic guidance in prone position for solitary obstructing renal stones were evaluated. Patients were randomly divided into two groups; Group 1: Patients in whom a open end ureteral catheter was inserted prior to the procedure; Group 2: Patients receiving no catheter before PNL. In addition to the duration of the procedure as a whole and also all relevant stages as well, radiation exposure time, hospitalization period, mean nephrostomy tube duration, mean drop in Hb levels and all intra and postoperative complications have been evaluated. Results: Mean size of the stones was 308.5 ± 133.2 mm². Mean total duration of the PNL procedure in cases with open end ureteral catheter was significantly longer than the other cases (p < 0.001). Evaluation of the outcomes of the PNL procedures revealed no statistically significant difference between two groups regarding the stone-free rates (86% vs 84%). Additionally, there was no significant difference with respect to the duration of nephrostomy tube, hospitalization period and secondary procedures needed, complication rates as well as the post-operative Hb drop levels in both groups (p = 0.6830). Conclusions: Our results indicate that the placement of an open end ureteral catheter prior to a PNL procedure performed under sonographic access may not be indicated in selected cases presenting with solitary obstructing renal pelvic and/or calyceal stones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In the present study, we aimed to invastigate the ciprofloxacin resistance in rectal fora of the patients undergoing prostate biopsy in our department. Additionally, the possible effects of the presence of ciprofloxacin resistant bacteria in faecal fora on the risk of infective complications after the procedure as well as the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on such infectious complications have been evaluated. Material and methods: A total of 142 patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy were included into the study program. Rectal swab samples were taken from all patients prior to biopsy. The presence of complications have been evaluated after a week following the biopsy procedure. Patients with fever were also evaluated. The possible correlation between the presence of ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria in faecal fora and the risk of urinary tract infection development and the other complications were evaluated. Results: E. coli bacteria were present in all cultures of rectal swab samples obtained from 142 patients prior to prostate biopsy. Of all these patients, while ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli (CR E. coli) grew in 76 (53.5%) patients; ciprofloxacin susceptible E. coli (CS E. coli) was obtained in 66 (46.5%) patients. In 16 patients (11.3%), infectious complications were observed. While the infective complications were present in the 14.5% of patients with CR E. coli; they were present in the 7.6% of patients with CS E. coli (p=0.295). High fever was observed in nine patients (6.3%). Of these nine patients, although six had CR E. coli growth as detected during culture sensitivity tests; three had CS E. coli growth in their rectal swab culture tests. Sepsis was observed in three (2.1%) of these patients with high fever. Ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli grew in all of the rectal swab cultures obtained from these patients with sepsis. Conclusion: In the light of our findings we may say that, it will be appropriate to reconsider the ciprofloxacin prophylaxis and prefer to use other prophylactic agents for a certain period of time in populations with higher rates of resistance to this medical agent. Furthermore, it will be appropriate again to obtain rectal swab specimens for culture tests before biopsy procedure in order to perform targeted prophylaxis according to the culture antibiogram test results. This approach will enable us to evaluate the cost- effectiveness of the procedure in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the presence and thickness of pseudocapsule after partial nephrectomy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cases. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients who were admitted to our clinic and diagnosed with RCC were included in the study. Histopathological specimens of the patients who underwent partial nephrectomy were re-evaluated retrospectively. Results: The histopathological results revealed pseudocapsule in 87 cases (87%, median thickness: 0.708 mm). Pseudocapsule median thickness was noted respectively 0.483, 0.691, 0.737, 0.954 mm in Fuhrman Grade 0, 1, 2, 3/4 groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, a statistical significance was found between nuclear grading system and the thickness of pseudocapsule in RCC. We believe that it may be a prognostic factor for RCC in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:The aim of this study was to determine the sleep quality and the association between sleep quality and quality of life in people with ileal conduit. Materials and methods:A descriptive and cross-sectional design was adopted. The study sample comprised 111 people with ileal conduit operated on in urology clinics in a state hospital between January 2011 and May 2014. Six months after the operation, they were called by telephone to participate in the study. Data for the study were collected using a questionnaire form, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Stoma Quality of Life Scale (SQLS). Results:The mean ± SD total PSQI score of the people with ileal conduit was 10.20 ± 2.95, mean total score of SQLS was 43.63 ± 7.21, mean Work/Social Function domain score was 37.27 ± 5.80 and mean Stoma Function domain score was 50.0 ± 12.56. The total sleep quality had a low degree of negative correlation with total SQLS score, a medium degree of negative correlation with Work/Social Function (r = –0.327,p < .001) and no correlation with Stoma Function (r = –0.096,p > .001). People using a night drainage system had higher sleep quality. Conclusions:This study determined that quality of life and sleep deteriorate in people with ileal conduit. The quality of life decreases when the sleep quality is poor, and decreased quality of life affects quality of sleep in people with ileal conduit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the possible effects of medical expulsive therapy (MET) on the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients undergoing shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) for ureteric stones. Methods: Eighty patients treated with SWL for ureteric stones were included in this study. Patients were divided into 2 groups; Group 1 received medical therapy only for colic pain and Group 2 received MET in addition to medical therapy. Patients requiring DJ stenting and auxiliary measures after SWL procedure were excluded. The remaining 54 patients were further evaluated (Group 1: n = 26, Group 2: n = 28) and followed up during the 4-week period for analgesic requirement, number of renal colic attacks, emergency department (ED) visits and the HRQOL scores by using EQ-5D index and EQ-5D visual analogue scale (VAS) values. Results: During the 4-week follow-up period, cases undergoing SWL only required significantly higher amount of analgesics. In addition to the lower number of renal colic attacks and ED visits, EQ-5D index and EQ-5D VAS values also demonstrated higher mean values in patients undergoing SWL + MET. Conclusion: In addition to the increased spon- taneous stone passage rates, MET following SWL for ureteral calculi could increase the HRQOL scores by lowering the number of both renal colic attacks and ED visits along with decreased analgesic need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the importance of repeat-transurethral resection (re-TUR) in bladder cancer treatment. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 with the diagnosis of grade pTa and all pT1 bladder cancer were included in the study. Re-TUR was performed in all patients 2-6 weeks after the initial TUR. Results: Six patients (6.6%) were re-staged as T2 according to the histopathological analysis of re-TUR specimens. The incidence of residual tumor following re-TUR performed by experienced surgeons was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Re-TUR allows more accurate staging and effective treatment for patients with T1 high-grade bladder cancer in whom radical cystectomy can be a more effective treatment option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate Transobturator tape (TOT) and Burch colposuspension procedure's effects on sexual functions and life quality. Materials and Methods: A total of 81 patients who underwent TOT (n = 49) or Burch (n = 32) with stress incontinence were included in this prospective study. Preoperatively and at postoperative 6 month follow up pad and stress tests, physical examinations, Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF), Urinary Distress Inventory (UDI-6), Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7) questionnaires were performed. Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) questionnare was added postoperatively. Results: According to stress test, success rate was found to be 69% and 45%, in the TOT and Burch groups respectively. Pad test decreased in both groups (p < 0.05). PGI-I scores was higher in the TOT group when compared to Burch group (p = 0.031). ICIQ-SF scores were improved in both TOT (p < 0.0001) and Burch groups (p < 0.012). IUDI-6 and IIQ-7 scores improved only in TOT group. Total FSFI scores did not change in both groups but only in TOT group sexual desire improved. Total FSFI scores did not change in patients that were successful and unsuccessful according to the stress test in both TOT and Burch groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: TOT and Burch procedures have no effect on the sexual functions. However TOT improved life quality of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]