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1. Effectiveness and Safety of Direct-acting Antivirals for Treatment of Adolescents With HCV/HIV Coinfection: Real-world Data From Europe

Author

Malik, Farihah, Crichton, Siobhan, Plotnikova, Yulia, Latysheva, Inga, Samarina, Anna, Pokorska-Śpiewak, Maria, Gomez, Marisa Navarro, Bailey, Heather, Thorne, Claire, Judd, Ali, Turkova, Anna, Collins, Intira Jeannie, Marczyńska, Magdalena, Popielska, Jolanta, Ołdakowska, Agnieszka, Zawadka, Konrad, Pluta, Magdalena, Doroba, Małgorzata, Okhonskaya, Liubov, Rozenberg, Vladimir, Voronin, Evgeny, Plynsky, Alexksey A., José Mellado, María, Escosa, Luis, García Hortelano, Milagros, Sainz, Talía, Grasa, Carlos, Rodríguez, Paula, Rojo, Pablo, Prieto-Tato, Luis, Epalza, Cristina, Tagarro, Alfredo, Domínguez, Sara, Ballesteros, Álvaro, Tomás Ramos, José, Illán, Marta, Berzosa, Arantxa, Guillén, Sara, Soto, Beatriz, Luisa Navarro, María, Saavedra, Jesús, Santos, Mar, Aguilera, David, Santiago, Begoña, Jimenez de Ory, Santiago, Bermejo, Amanda, Penín, María, Martínez, Jorge, Badillo, Katie, Belén Jiménez, Ana, Navas, Adriana, Oñate, Eider, Pocheville, Itziar, Garrote, Elisa, Colino, Elena, Afonso, Olga, Gómez Sirvent, Jorge, Garzón, Mónica, Román, Vicente, Angulo, Raquel, Neth, Olaf, Falcón, Lola, Terol, Pedro, Luis Santos, Juan, Vázquez, Álvaro, Carazo, Begoña, Medina, Antonio, Lendínez, Francisco, Ibáñez, Mercedes, Peromingo, Estrella, Isabel Sánchez, María, Ruiz, Beatriz, Grande, Ana, José Romero, Francisco, Pérez, Carlos, Calle, Laura, Pareja, Marta, Losada, Begoña, Herranz, Mercedes, Bustillo, Matilde, Collado, Pilar, Antonio Couceiro, José, Vila, Leticia, Calviño, Consuelo, Isabel Piqueras, Ana, Oltra, Manuel, Gavilán, César, Montesinos, Elena, Dapena, Marta, Jiménez, Beatriz, Gloria Andrés, Ana, Marugán, Víctor, Ochoa, Carlos, Isabel Menasalvas, Ana, Cervantes, Eloísa, Álvarez, Beatriz, Díez, Cristina, Bernardino, Ignacio, Luisa Montes, María, Valencia, Eulalia, Delgado, Ana, Rubio, Rafael, Pulido, Federico, Bisbal, Otilia, Monereo Alonso, Alfonso, Berenguer, Juan, Díez, Cristina, Aldamiz, Teresa, Tejerina, Francisco, Carlos Bernaldo de Quirós, Juan, Padilla, Belén, Carrillo, Raquel, Montilla, Pedro, Bermúdez, Elena, Valerio, Maricela, Sanz, Jose, Gimeno, Alejandra, Cervero, Miguel, Torres, Rafael, Moreno, Santiago, Jesús Perez, María, del Campo, Santos, Ryan, Pablo, Troya, Jesus, Sanz, Jesus, Losa, Juan, Gomez, Rafael, Górgolas, Miguel, Díaz, Alberto, de la Fuente, Sara, Antonio Iribarren, Jose, Jose Aramburu, Maria, Martinez, Lourdes, Josune Goikoetxea, Ane, Ibarra, Sofia, de la Peña, Mireia, Asensi, Víctor, Hernandez, Michele, Remedios Alemán, María, Pelazas, Ricardo, del Mar Alonso, María, María López, Ana, García, Dácil, Rodriguez, Jehovana, Angel Cardenes, Miguel, Castaño, Manuel A., Orihuela, Francisco, Pérez, Inés, Isabel Mayorga, Mª, Fernando Lopez-Cortes, Luis, Roca, Cristina, Llaves, Silvia, Jose Rios, Maria, Rodriguez, Jesus, Palomo, Virginia, Pasquau, Juan, Garcia, Coral, Hernandez, Jose, Martinez, Clara, Rivero, Antonio, Camacho, Angela, Merino, Dolores, Raffo, Miguel, Corpa, Laura, Martinez, Elisa, Mateos, Fernando, Javier Blanch, Jose, Torralba, Miguel, Arazo, Piedad, Samperiz, Gloria, Miralles, Celia, Ocampo, Antonio, Pousada, Guille, Mena, Alvaro, Montero, Marta, Salavert, Miguel, Jose Galindo, Maria, Pretel, Natalia, Portilla, Joaquín, Portilla, Irene, Gutierrez, Felix, Masia, Mar, Robledano, Cati, Adsuar, Araceli, Hinojosa, Carmen, Monteagudo, Begoña, Bachiller, Pablo, Abadía, Jesica, Galera, Carlos, Albendin, Helena, Fernandez, Marian, and Ramon Blanco, Jose

Published
2024
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3. Perinatal characteristics and longer-term outcomes in Brazilian children with confirmed or suspected congenital Zika infection: ZIKAction Paediatric Registry

Author

de Siqueira, Isadora Cristina, de Almeida, Breno Lima, Lage, Maria Lucia Costa, Serra, Leticia, Carvalho, Alessandra, de Lima, Maricélia Maia, Góes, Maria de Fatima Neri, Crispim, Marília De Santa Inês Neri, da Costa Pereira, Mirela Monteiro, Costa, Bernardo Gratival Gouvea, Bailey, Heather, Byrne, Thomas, Giaquinto, Carlo, Fernandes, Georgina, Ruiz-Burga, Elisa, and Thorne, Claire

Published
2023
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5. Setting the research agenda: involving parents in research on children who are HIV‐free

Author

Bukasa, Laurette L., Namiba, Angelina, Brown, Matilda, Ndu'Ngu, Estelle, Nangwale, Mercy, Letting, Gillian, Chirwa, Patricia, Thorne, Claire, and Tariq, Shema

Subjects
Maternal-fetal exchange -- Health aspects, Clinical trials -- Management, HIV infection -- Prevention, Company business management, Health
Abstract

: Introduction: There is growing interest in health, developmental and survival outcomes of children who are born HIV‐free to women living with HIV (children born HIV‐free). To date, the research agenda has been largely determined by researchers, funders and policy makers, with limited involvement of parents, who are key stakeholders. Researchers at UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health in partnership with community‐based organisation 4M Network of Mentor Mothers conducted two workshops with parents in March 2022 to establish research priorities for children born HIV‐free, and key considerations for methodological approaches both to research and engagement with the affected communities. Discussion: When exploring research on children born HIV‐free, we consider the following: what aspects of current research are aligned with women and parents’ priorities, what is missing and what approaches would be preferred. A holistic approach to research on children born HIV‐free should be prioritised, focussing on a breadth of outcomes and how they intersect. Secondary use of existing data sources should be maximised to facilitate this, with a view of monitoring the long‐term effects of fetal antiretroviral drug exposure alongside other key health and developmental outcomes. Involving and engaging with parents, and children where possible, must be at the heart of research design to maximise relevance and impact of findings for the affected communities. Potential barriers to engaging with individuals who were children born HIV‐free include parental disclosure and individuals not identifying as a child born HIV‐free to a mother living with HIV. Stigma‐free language must be incorporated into the vocabulary of researchers and other stakeholders, avoiding reference to exposure; we propose the term “children born HIV‐free.” Conclusions: Mothers and parents living with HIV should be involved in research about their children born HIV‐free and are key in identifying research priorities so that findings may translate into an impact on their children's health and wellbeing. Meaningful involvement of women living with HIV through trusted community partners is an effective mechanism by which to elicit views on research about their children., INTRODUCTION Successes in preventing vertical transmission (VT) have led to substantially fewer children being born with HIV [1]. In parallel, the number of children who are born HIV‐free to women [...]

Published
2023
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7. Growth and CD4 patterns of adolescents living with perinatally acquired HIV worldwide, a CIPHER cohort collaboration analysis

Author

Jesson, Julie, Crichton, Siobhan, Quartagno, Matteo, Yotebieng, Marcel, Abrams, Elaine J., Chokephaibulkit, Kulkanya, Le Coeur, Sophie, Ake-Assi, Marie-Helene, Patel, Kunjal, Pinto, Jorge, Paul, Mary, Vreeman, Rachel, Davies, Mary-Ann, Ben-Farhat, Jihane, Van-Dyke, Russell, Judd, Ali, Mofenson, Lynne, Vicari, Marissa, Seage, George, III, Bekker, Linda-Gail, Essajee, Shaffiq, Gibb, Diana, Penazzato, Martina, Collins, Intira Jeannie, Wools-Kaloustian, Kara, Slogrove, Amy, Powis, Kate, Williams, Paige, Matshaba, Mogomotsi, Thahane, Lineo, Nyasulu, Phoebe, Lukhele, Bhekumusa, Mwita, Lumumba, Kekitiinwa-Rukyalekere, Adeodata, Wanless, Sebastian, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Thorne, Claire, Warszawski, Josiane, Galli, Luisa, van-Rossum, Annemarie M.C., Giaquinto, Carlo, Marczynska, Magdalena, Marques, Laura, Prata, Filipa, Ene, Luminita, Okhonskaya, Lyuba, Navarro, Marisa, Frick, Antoinette, Naver, Lars, Kahlert, Christian, Volokha, Alla, Chappel, Elizabeth, Pape, Jean William, Rouzier, Vanessa, Marcelin, Adias, Succi, Regina, Sohn, Annette H., Kariminia, Azar, Edmonds, Andrew, Lelo, Patricia, Lyamuya, Rita, Ogalo, Edith Apondi, Odhiambo, Francesca Akoth, Haas, Andreas D., Bolton, Carolyn, Muhairwe, Josephine, Tweya, Hannock, Sylla, Mariam, D'Almeida, Marceline, Renner, Lorna, J.Abzug, Mark, Oleske, James, Purswani, Murli, Teasdale, Chloe, Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet, Goodall, Ruth, and Leroy, Valeriane

Subjects
Adolescent development -- Health aspects, Perinatal infection -- Statistics -- International aspects -- Complications and side effects, Growth -- Health aspects, CD4 lymphocytes -- Health aspects, Pediatric research, HIV infection -- Statistics -- International aspects -- Complications and side effects, Health
Abstract

Introduction: Adolescents living with HIV are subject to multiple co-morbidities, including growth retardation and immunodeficiency. We describe growth and CD4 evolution during adolescence using data from the Collaborative Initiative for Paediatric HIV Education and Research (CIPHER) globalproject. Methods: Data were collected between 1994 and 2015 from 11 CIPHER networks worldwide. Adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV infection (APH) who initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) before age 10 years, with at least one height or CD4 count measurement while aged 10-17 years, were included. Growth was measured using height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ, stunting if Results: A total of 20,939 and 19,557 APH were included for the growth and CD4 analyses, respectively. Half were females, two-thirds lived in East and Southern Africa, and median age at ART initiation ranged from 7 years in sub-Saharan African regions. At age 10, stunting ranged from 6% in North America and Europe to 39% in the Asia-Pacific; 19% overall had CD4 counts Conclusions: Growth patterns during adolescence differed substantially by sex and region, while CD4 patterns were similar, with an observed CD4 decline that needs further investigation. Early diagnosis and timely initiation of treatment in early childhood to prevent growth retardation and immunodeficiency are critical to improving APH growth and CD4 outcomes by the time they reach adulthood. Keywords: adolescent; CD4; cohort studies; growth; HIV; perinatally acquired Additional information may be found under the Supporting Information tab of this article., 1 | INTRODUCTION In 2019, an estimated 1.7 million adolescents aged 10-19 years were living with HIV worldwide, with 90% of them in sub-Saharan Africa, and 8% in Asia and [...]

Published
2022
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8. Residential and healthcare mobility during pregnancy among women living with HIV in the UK, 2009–2019.

Author

Dema, Emily, Peters, Helen, Gilleece, Yvonne, and Thorne, Claire

Subjects
HEALTH services accessibility, NATIONAL health services, SECONDARY analysis, VIRAL load, RESEARCH funding, HIV-positive persons, LOGISTIC regression analysis, NOMADS, EVALUATION of medical care, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, PERINATAL death, AGE distribution, PRENATAL care, WOMEN'S health, RESIDENTIAL mobility, EVALUATION
Abstract

Introduction: The extent to which individuals living with HIV experience residential and healthcare mobility during pregnancy in the UK is unknown. We aimed to determine a minimum estimate of residential and healthcare mobility during pregnancy in people living with HIV in the UK in 2009–2019 to explore patterns of and factors associated with mobility and to assess whether mobility was associated with specific HIV outcomes. Methods: We analyzed data from the Integrated Screening Outcomes Surveillance Service to assess pregnancies with HIV in the UK and included livebirths and stillbirths with estimated delivery in 2009–2019. Residential mobility was defined as changing residential postcode between notification and delivery, and healthcare mobility was defined as changing NHS Trust or Strategic Health Authority (SHA) in that same timeframe. We used logistic regression to determine factors associated with residential and healthcare mobility and with detectable delivery viral load. Results: Among 10 305 pregnancies, 19.6% experienced residential mobility, 8.1% changed NHS Trust, and 4.5% changed SHA during pregnancy. Mobility was more likely to be experienced by younger women, migrants, and those with new antenatal diagnosis; residential but not healthcare mobility declined over time. In a fully adjusted model, mobility was not associated with having a detectable viral load at delivery. Higher proportions of infants were lost to follow‐up after mobile pregnancies than after non‐mobile pregnancies. Conclusions: This analysis provides new knowledge on mobility during pregnancy in the context of HIV, but further research is needed to understand its broader impacts and its utility as a marker to help identify families requiring additional follow‐up and support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Association of pregnancy with engagement in HIV care among women with HIV in the UK: a cohort study

Author

Ainsworth, Jonathan, Allan, Sris, Anderson, Jane, Apoola, Ade, Chadwick, David, Churchill, Duncan, Delpech, Valerie, Dunn, David, Fairley, Ian, Fox, Ashini, Gilson, Richard, Gompels, Mark, Hay, Phillip, Hembrom, Rajesh, Hill, Teresa, Johnson, Margaret, Jose, Sophie, Kegg, Stephen, Leen, Clifford, Mital, Dushyant, Nelson, Mark, Okhai, Hajra, Orkin, Chloe, Palfreeman, Adrian, Phillips, Andrew, Pillay, Deenan, Price, Ashley, Post, Frank, Pritchard, Jillian, Sabin, Caroline, Schwenk, Achim, Tariq, Anjum, Trevelion, Roy, Ustianowski, Andy, Walsh, John, Tariq, Shema, Burns, Fiona, Gilleece, Yvonne, Dhairyawan, Rageshri, Peters, Helen, Thorne, Claire, and Sabin, Caroline A

Published
2021
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10. Comparison of Kaposi Sarcoma Risk in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Adults Across 5 Continents: A Multiregional Multicohort Study

Author

Judd, Ali, Zangerle, Robert, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, François, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, Leport, Catherine, Wittkop, Linda, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, Julia, Del Amo, Obel, Niels, Thorne, Claire, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Stephan, Christoph, Pérez-Hoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, Monforte, Antonella d’Arminio, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Prieto, Luis, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Mussini, Cristina, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Miró, Jose M, Castagna, Antonella, Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Quiros-Roldan, Eugenia, Sabin, Caroline, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, de Wit, Stéphane, Costagliola, Dominique, d’Arminio-Monforte, Antonella, del Amo, Julia, Raben, Dorthe, Chêne, Geneviève, Rojo, Conejo Pablo, Barger, Diana, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Campbell, Maria, Frederiksen, Casper M, Friis-Møller, Nina, Kjaer, Jesper, Brandt, Rikke Salbøl, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Davies, Mary-Anne, Dorrucci, Maria, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Grabar, Sophie, Guiguet, Marguerite, Lambotte, Olivier, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Miro, Jose M, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Rohner, Eliane, and Schomaker, Michael

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Rare Diseases, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases, HIV/AIDS, Infection, Adolescent, Adult, Anti-Retroviral Agents, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Cohort Studies, Female, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Sarcoma, Kaposi, Viral Load, Young Adult, AIDS-defining Cancer Project Working Group for IeDEA and COHERE in EuroCoord, HIV, Kaposi sarcoma, antiretroviral therapy, cohort study, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology, Clinical sciences
Abstract

BackgroundWe compared Kaposi sarcoma (KS) risk in adults who started antiretroviral therapy (ART) across the Asia-Pacific, South Africa, Europe, Latin, and North America.MethodsWe included cohort data of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive adults who started ART after 1995 within the framework of 2 large collaborations of observational HIV cohorts. We present incidence rates and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs).ResultsWe included 208140 patients from 57 countries. Over a period of 1066572 person-years, 2046 KS cases were diagnosed. KS incidence rates per 100000 person-years were 52 in the Asia-Pacific and ranged between 180 and 280 in the other regions. KS risk was 5 times higher in South African women (aHR, 4.56; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 2.73-7.62) than in their European counterparts, and 2 times higher in South African men (2.21; 1.34-3.63). In Europe, Latin, and North America KS risk was 6 times higher in men who have sex with men (aHR, 5.95; 95% CI, 5.09-6.96) than in women. Comparing patients with current CD4 cell counts ≥700 cells/µL with those whose counts were

Published
2017

16. Antenatal Seroprevalence of Zika and Chikungunya Viruses, Kingston Metropolitan Area, Jamaica, 2017-2019

Author

Anzinger, Joshua J., Mears, Chadwic D., Ades, A.E., Francis, Keisha, Phillips, Yakima, Leys, Ynolde E., Spyer, Moira J., Brown, David, Filippis, Ana M. Bispo de, Nastouli, Eleni, Byrne, Thomas, Bailey, Heather, Palmer, Paulette, Bryan, Lenroy, Webster-Kerr, Karen, Giaquinto, Carlo, Thorne, Claire, and Christie, Celia D.C.

Subjects
Kingston, Jamaica (City) -- Health aspects, Chikungunya fever -- Statistics -- Risk factors, Pregnant women -- Statistics -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

The recent introductions of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) in the Americas led to widespread epidemics with substantial health and economic effects. Small island developing states in the [...]

Published
2022

18. Surveillance of ARV safety in pregnancy and breastfeeding: towards a new framework

Author

Renaud, Françoise, Mofenson, Lynne M., Bakker, Charlotte, Dolk, Helen, Leroy, Valeriane, Namiba, Angelina, Sahin, Leyla, Shapiro, Roger, Slogrove, Amy, Thorne, Claire, Vicari, Marissa, Low?Beer, Daniel, and Doherty, Meg

Subjects
Safety regulations -- Evaluation, Birth defects -- Prevention, Breast feeding -- Health aspects, Antiviral agents -- Testing -- Complications and side effects, Sentinel health events -- Methods -- Standards, Clinical trials -- Methods -- Standards, Data entry -- Methods -- Standards, Pharmaceutical research -- Standards, Pregnant women -- Drug therapy, HIV infection -- Drug therapy, Health
Abstract

: Introduction: As new antiretrovirals (ARVs), including long‐acting ARVs for treatment and prevention, are approved and introduced, surveillance during pregnancy must become the safety net for evaluating birth outcomes, especially those that are rare and require large numbers of observations. Historically, drug pharmacovigilance in pregnancy has been limited and fragmented between different data sources, resulting in inadequate data to assess risk. The International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Network and World Health Organization convened a Workshop which reviewed strengths and weaknesses of existing programs and discussed an improved framework to integrate existing safety data sources and promote harmonization and digitalization. Discussion: This paper highlights that although robust sources of safety data and surveillance programs exist, key challenges remain, including unknown denominators, reporting bias, under‐reporting (e.g. in voluntary registries), few data sources from resource‐limited settings (most are in North America and Europe), incomplete or inaccurate data (e.g. within routine medical records). However, recent experiences (e.g. with safety signals) and current innovations (e.g. electronic record use in resource‐limited settings and defining adverse outcomes) provide momentum and building blocks for a new framework for active surveillance of ARV safety in pregnancy. A public health approach should be taken using data from existing sources, including registries of pregnancy ARV exposure and birth defects; observational surveillance and cohort studies; clinical trials; and real‐world databases. Key facilitators are harmonization and standardization of outcomes, sharing of materials and tools, and data linkages between programs. Other key facilitators include the development of guidance to estimate sample size and duration of surveillance, ensuring strategic geographic diversity, bringing partners together to share information and engaging the community of women living with HIV. Conclusions: Looking ahead, critical steps to safely introduce new ARVs include (1) adopting harmonized standards for measuring adverse maternal, birth and infant outcomes; (2) establishing surveillance centres of excellence in areas with high HIV prevalence with harmonized data collection and optimized electronic health records linking maternal/infant data; and (3) creating targets and evaluation goals for reporting progress on implementation and quality of surveillance in pregnancy. The platform will be leveraged to ensure that appropriate contributions and strategic actions by relevant stakeholders are implemented., INTRODUCTION Data on new antiretroviral (ARV) drugs in pregnancy are often delayed until years after initial approval [1, 2]. Additionally, the most vulnerable period for adverse foetal effects is in [...]

Published
2022
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19. Genetic studies of abdominal MRI data identify genes regulating hepcidin as major determinants of liver iron concentration

Author

Jennison, Christopher, Ehrhardt, Beate, Baum, Patrick, Schoelsch, Corinna, Freijer, Jan, Grempler, Rolf, Graefe-Mody, Ulrike, Hennige, Anita, Dings, Christiane, Lehr, Thorsten, Scherer, Nina, Sihinecich, Iryna, Pattou, Francois, Raverdi, Violeta, Caiazzo, Robert, Torres, Fanelly, Verkindt, Helene, Mari, Andrea, Tura, Andrea, Giorgino, Toni, Bizzotto, Roberto, Froguel, Philippe, Bonneford, Amelie, Canouil, Mickael, Dhennin, Veronique, Brorsson, Caroline, Brunak, Soren, De Masi, Federico, Gudmundsdóttir, Valborg, Pedersen, Helle, Banasik, Karina, Thomas, Cecilia, Sackett, Peter, Staerfeldt, Hans-Henrik, Lundgaard, Agnete, Nilsson, Birgitte, Nielsen, Agnes, Mazzoni, Gianluca, Karaderi, Tugce, Rasmussen, Simon, Johansen, Joachim, Allesøe, Rosa, Fritsche, Andreas, Thorand, Barbara, Adamski, Jurek, Grallert, Harald, Haid, Mark, Sharma, Sapna, Troll, Martina, Adam, Jonathan, Ferrer, Jorge, Eriksen, Heather, Frost, Gary, Haussler, Ragna, Hong, Mun-gwan, Schwenk, Jochen, Uhlen, Mathias, Nicolay, Claudia, Pavo, Imre, Steckel-Hamann, Birgit, Thomas, Melissa, Adragni, Kofi, Wu, Han, Hart, Leen't, Roderick, Slieker, van Leeuwen, Nienke, Dekkers, Koen, Frau, Francesca, Gassenhuber, Johann, Jablonka, Bernd, Musholt, Petra, Ruetten, Hartmut, Tillner, Joachim, Baltauss, Tania, Bernard Poenaru, Oana, de Preville, Nathalie, Rodriquez, Marianne, Arumugam, Manimozhiyan, Allin, Kristine, Engelbrechtsen, Line, Hansen, Torben, Hansen, Tue, Forman, Annemette, Jonsson, Anna, Pedersen, Oluf, Dutta, Avirup, Vogt, Josef, Vestergaard, Henrik, Laakso, Markku, Kokkola, Tarja, Kuulasmaa, Teemu, Franks, Paul, Giordano, Nick, Pomares-Millan, Hugo, Fitipaldi, Hugo, Mutie, Pascal, Klintenberg, Maria, Bergstrom, Margit, Groop, Leif, Ridderstrale, Martin, Atabaki Pasdar, Naeimeh, Deshmukh, Harshal, Heggie, Alison, Wake, Dianne, McEvoy, Donna, McVittie, Ian, Walker, Mark, Hattersley, Andrew, Hill, Anita, Jones, Angus, McDonald, Timothy, Perry, Mandy, Nice, Rachel, Hudson, Michelle, Thorne, Claire, Dermitzakis, Emmanouil, Viñuela, Ana, Cabrelli, Louise, Loftus, Heather, Dawed, Adem, Donnelly, Louise, Forgie, Ian, Pearson, Ewan, Palmer, Colin, Brown, Andrew, Koivula, Robert, Wesolowska-Andersen, Agata, Abdalla, Moustafa, McRobert, Nicky, Fernandez, Juan, Jiao, Yunlong, Robertson, Neil, Gough, Stephen, Kaye, Jane, Mourby, Miranda, Mahajan, Anubha, McCarthy, Mark, Shah, Nisha, Teare, Harriet, Holl, Reinhard, Koopman, Anitra, Rutters, Femke, Beulens, Joline, Groeneveld, Lenka, Bell, Jimmy, Thomas, Louise, Whitcher, Brandon, Wilman, Henry R., Parisinos, Constantinos A., Atabaki-Pasdar, Naeimeh, Kelly, Matt, Thomas, E. Louise, Neubauer, Stefan, Hingorani, Aroon D., Patel, Riyaz S., Hemingway, Harry, Franks, Paul W., Bell, Jimmy D., Banerjee, Rajarshi, and Yaghootkar, Hanieh

Published
2019
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21. The cascade of care for children and adolescents with HIV in the UK and Ireland, 2010 to 2016

Author

Chappell, Elizabeth, Lyall, Hermione, Riordan, Andrew, Thorne, Claire, Foster, Caroline, Butler, Karina, Prime, Katia, Bamford, Alasdair, Peters, Helen, Judd, Ali, and Collins, Intira J.

Subjects
Gilead Sciences Inc., Highly active antiretroviral therapy -- Comparative analysis, Children -- Comparative analysis, Child care -- Comparative analysis, HIV -- Comparative analysis, Pediatrics -- Comparative analysis, Antiretroviral agents -- Comparative analysis, Biological products industry -- Comparative analysis, Health
Abstract

Introduction: The UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets for the cascade of care are widely used to monitor the success of HIV care programmes but there are few studies in children. We assessed the cascade for children and adolescents living with HIV in the national Collaborative HIV Paediatric Study (CHIPS) in the UK and Ireland. Methods: Utilizing longitudinal data from CHIPS we compared the cascade of care for 2010, 2013 and 2016. Among children diagnosed with HIV and not known to be lost to follow-up at the start of each calendar year, we summarized the proportion in active paediatric care during that year (defined as having >1 clinic visit, CD4 or viral load measurement, or change to antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen), and of these, the proportion on ART at last visit in that year. Among those on ART, the proportion with viral suppression ( Results: Of children in paediatric HIV care at the start of 2010, 2013 and 2016 (n = 1249, 1157, 905 respectively), the proportion in active care during that calendar year was high throughout at 97 to 99%. Of those in active care, the proportion on ART increased from 79% to 85% and 92% respectively (p < 0.001). Among those on ART, the proportion with viral suppression and good immune status was stable at 83% to 86% and 85% to 88%, respectively, across the years. Among children in care in 2016, those aged >15 years were less likely to be virally suppressed (79% vs. 91%, p < 0.001) or to have good immune status (78% vs. 94%, p < 0.001) compared to younger children; there were no differences by place of birth or sex. Conclusions: Children and adolescents in the UK and Ireland national cohort had high retention in care. The proportion on ART increased significantly over time although there was no change in viral suppression or good immune status. Poorer outcomes among adolescents highlight the need for targeted support for this population. Keywords: HIV care continuum; paediatric; adolescents; cohort studies; UK and Ireland; retention in care, 1 | INTRODUCTION The HIV cascade of care is a model which outlines the steps from HIV infection that individuals must pass through to achieve viral suppression, with intermediate stages [...]

Published
2019
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22. Hepatitis C virus infection in children and adolescents

Author

Indolfi, Giuseppe, Easterbrook, Philippa, Dusheiko, Geoffrey, El-Sayed, Manal H, Jonas, Maureen M, Thorne, Claire, Bulterys, Marc, Siberry, George, Walsh, Nick, Chang, Mei-Hwei, Meyers, Tammy, Giaquinto, Carlo, Wirth, Stefan, Chan, Po-Lin, and Penazzato, Martina

Published
2019
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23. Hepatitis B virus infection in children and adolescents

Author

Indolfi, Giuseppe, Easterbrook, Philippa, Dusheiko, Geoffrey, Siberry, George, Chang, Mei-Hwei, Thorne, Claire, Bulterys, Marc, Chan, Po-Lin, El-Sayed, Manal H, Giaquinto, Carlo, Jonas, Maureen M, Meyers, Tammy, Walsh, Nick, Wirth, Stefan, and Penazzato, Martina

Published
2019
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24. Incidence of switching to second-line antiretroviral therapy and associated factors in children with HIV: an international cohort collaboration

Author

Collins, Intira J, Wools-Kaloustian, Kara, Goodall, Ruth, Smith, Colette, Abrams, Elaine J, Ben-Farhat, Jihane, Balkan, Suna, Davies, Mary-Ann, Edmonds, Andrew, Leroy, Valériane, Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet, Patel, Kunjal, Paul, Mary E, Pinto, Jorge, Rojo Conejo, Pablo, Sohn, Annette, Van Dyke, Russell, Vreeman, Rachel, Maxwell, Nicky, Timmerman, Venessa, Duff, Charlotte, Judd, Ali, Seage III, George, Williams, Paige, Gibb, Diana M, Bekker, Linda-Gail, Mofenson, Lynne, Vicari, Marissa, Essajee, Shaffiq, Mohapi, Edith Q, Kazembe, Peter N, Hlatshwayo, Makhosazana, Lumumba, Mwita, Kekitiinwa-Rukyalekere, Adeodata, Wanless, Sebastian, Matshaba, Mogomotsi S., Goetghebuer, Tessa, Thorne, Claire, Warszawski, Josiane, Galli, Luisa, Geelen, Sybil, Giaquinto, Carlo, Marczynska, Magdalena, Marques, Laura, Prata, Filipa, Ene, Luminita, Okhonskaia, Liubov, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Naver, Lars, Rudin, Christoph, Jourdain, Gonzague, Volokha, Alla, Rouzier, Vanessa, Succi, Regina, Chokephaibulkit, Kulkanya, Kariminia, Azar, Yotebieng, Marcel, Lelo, Patricia, Lyamuya, Rita, Marete, Irene, Oyaro, Patrick, Boulle, Andrew, Malisita, Kennedy, Fatti, Geoffrey, Haas, Andreas D, Desmonde, Sophie, Dicko, Fatoumata, Abzug, Mark J, Levin, Myron, Oleske, James, Chernoff, Miriam, Traite, Shirley, Purswani, Murli, Teasdale, Chloe, and Chadwick, Ellen

Published
2019
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29. Height and timing of growth spurt during puberty in young people living with vertically acquired HIV in Europe and Thailand

Author

Crichton, Siobhan, Belfrage, Erik, Collins, Intira Jeannie, Doerholt, Katja, Judd, Ali, Le Coeur, Sophie, Spoulou, Vana, Scherpbier, Henriette, Smit, Colette, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Gibb, Diana M., Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Navarro, Maria Luisa, Ramos, Jose Tomas, Galli, Luisa, Giaquinto, Carlo, Thorne, Claire, Ansone, Santa, Marczynska, Magdalena, Okhonskaia, Liubov, Tejada, Begoña Martinez de, Jourdain, Gonzague, Decker, Luc, Ene, Luminita, and Goodall, Ruth

Published
2019
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30. A Method to Estimate the Size and Characteristics of HIV-positive Populations Using an Individual-based Stochastic Simulation Model

Author

SSOPHIE project working group in EuroCoord, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, van Sighem, Ard, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Smith, Colette, Ratmann, Oliver, Cambiano, Valentina, Albert, Jan, Amato-Gauci, Andrew, Bezemer, Daniela, Campbell, Colin, Commenges, Daniel, Donoghoe, Martin, Ford, Deborah, Kouyos, Roger, Lodwick, Rebecca, Lundgren, Jens, Pantazis, Nikos, Pharris, Anastasia, Quinten, Chantal, Thorne, Claire, Touloumi, Giota, Delpech, Valerie, and Phillips, Andrew

Published
2016

31. Immunological and virological response to antiretroviral treatment in migrant and native men and women in Western Europe; is benefit equal for all?

Author

Monge, S, Mocroft, A, Sabin, A, Touloumi, G, Sighem, A, Abgrall, S, Dray‐Spira, R, Spire, B, Castagna, A, Mussini, C, Zangerle, R, Hessamfar, M, Anderson, J, Hamouda, O, Ehren, K, Obel, N, Kirk, O, Antinori, A, Girardi, E, Saracino, A, Calmy, A, Wit, S, Wittkop, L, Bucher, C, Montoliu, A, Raben, D, Prins, M, Meyer, L, Chene, G, Burns, F, Amo, J, Judd, Ali, Zangerle, Robert, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, François, Krause, Murielle, Ghosn, Jade, Leport, Catherine, Wittkop, Linda, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, Amo, Julia, Obel, Niels, Thorne, Claire, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Stephan, Christoph, Pérez‐Hoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Noguera‐Julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, Monforte, Antonella, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Prieto, Luis, Conejo, Pablo, Soriano‐Arandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Mussini, Cristina, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Miró, JoseM, Castagna, Antonella, Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Torti, Carlo, Sabin, Caroline, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, Wit, Stéphane, Miró, Mª, Costagliola, Dominique, dʼArminio‐Monforte, Antonella, Castagna, Antonella, Amo, Julia, Mocroft, Amanda, Raben, Dorthe, Chêne, Geneviève, Judd, Ali, Conejo, Pablo, Barger, Diana, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Wittkop, Linda, Campbell, Maria, Frederiksen, Casper M, Friis‐Møller, Nina, Kjaer, Jesper, Raben, Dorthe, Brandt, Rikke, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Bucher, Heiner, Cozzi‐Lepri, Alessandro, Dabis, François, Monforte, Antonella, Davies, Mary‐Anne, Amo, Julia, Dorrucci, Maria, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Grabar, Sophie, Judd, Ali, Kirk, Ole, Lambotte, Olivier, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Meyer, Laurence, Miró, Jose, Mocroft, Amanda, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Rohner, Eliane, Schomaker, Michael, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Thorne, Claire, Torti, Carlo, Valk, Marc, and Wittkop, Linda

Published
2018
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37. Safety of zidovudine/lamivudine scored tablets in children with HIV infection in Europe and Thailand

Author

Bailey, Heather, Thompson, Lindsay, Childs, Tristan, Collins, Intira Jeannie, Tostevin, Anna, Goodall, Ruth, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Spoulou, Vana, Galli, Luisa, Marczynska, Magda, Marques, Laura, Ene, Luminita, Samarina, Anna, Rosenberg, Vladimir, Dodonov, Konstantin, Okhonskaia, Liubov, Noguera Julian, Antoni, Rojo Conejo, Pablo, Ramos Amador, Jose Tomas, Naver, Lars, Jourdain, Gonzague, Thorne, Claire, Giaquinto, Carlo, Judd, Ali, and The European Pregnancy and Paediatric HIV Cohort Collaboration (EPPICC) study group in EuroCoord

Published
2017
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38. Outcomes of second‐line antiretroviral therapy among children living with HIV: a global cohort analysis

Author

Patel, Kunjal, Smith, Colette, Collins, Intira Jeannie, Goodall, Ruth, Abrams, Elaine J., Sohn, Annette H., Mohamed, Thahira J., Van Dyke, Russell B., Rojo, Pablo, Wools?Kaloustian, Kara, Pinto, Jorge, Edmonds, Andrew, Marete, Irene, Paul, Mary, Nuwaqaba?Biribonwoha, Harriet, Leroy, Valériane, Davies, Mary?Ann, Vreeman, Rachel, Maxwell, Nicky, Timmerman, Venessa, Duff, Charlotte, Mofenson, Lynne, Bekker, Linda?Gail, Vicari, Marissa, Essajee, Shaffiq, Penazzato, Martina, Slogrove, Amy, Williams, Paige, Crichton, Siobhan, Seage, George, Thahane, Lineo, Kazembe, Peter N., Lukhele, Bhekumusa, Mwita, Lumumba, Kekitiinwa?Rukyalekere, Adeodata, Wanless, Sebastian, Matshaba, Mogomotsi S., Goetghebuer, Tessa, Thorne, Claire, Warszawski, Josiane, Galli, Luisa, Geelen, Sybil, Gibb, Diana M., Giaquinto, Carlo, Marczynska, Magdalena, Marques, Laura, Prata, Filipa, Ene, Luminita, Okhonskaia, Liubov, Noguera?Julian, Antoni, Naver, Lars, Rudin, Christoph, Jourdain, Gonzague, Judd, Ali, Volokha, Alla, Rouzier, Vanessa, Succi, Regina, Kariminia, Azar, Yotebieng, Marcel, Lelo, Patricia, Lyamuya, Rita, Oyaro, Patrick, Boulle, Andrew, Malisita, Kennedy, Fatti, Geoffrey, Haas, Andreas D., Desmonde, Sophie, Dicko, Fatoumata, Abzug, Mark J., Purswani, Murli, Van Dyke, Russell, Chadwick, Ellen, Abrams, Elaine, Teasdale, Chloe, and Nuwagaba, Harriet

Subjects
HIV infection in children -- Statistics -- Drug therapy -- Patient outcomes, Highly active antiretroviral therapy -- Patient outcomes -- Statistics, Pediatric research, Health
Abstract

: Introduction: Limited data describe outcomes on second‐line antiretroviral therapy (ART) among children globally. Our objective was to contribute data on outcomes among children living with HIV after initiation of second‐line ART in the context of routine care within a large global cohort collaboration. Methods: Patient‐level data from 1993 through 2015 from 11 paediatric HIV cohorts were pooled. Characteristics at switch and through two years of follow‐up were summarized for children who switched to second‐line ART after starting a standard first‐line regimen in North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia, Southern Africa (South Africa & Botswana) and the rest of sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). Cumulative incidences of mortality and loss to follow‐up (LTFU) were estimated using a competing risks framework. Results: Of the 85,389 children on first‐line ART, 3,555 (4%) switched to second‐line after a median of 2.8 years on ART (IQR: 1.6, 4.7); 69% were from Southern Africa or SSA and 86% of second‐line regimens were protease inhibitor‐based. At switch, median age was 8.4 years and 50% had a prior AIDS diagnosis. Median follow‐up after switch to second‐line ranged from 1.8 years in SSA to 5.3 years in North America. Median CD4 counts at switch to second‐line ranged from 235 cells/mm[sup.3] in SSA to 828 cells/mm[sup.3] in North America. Improvements in CD4 counts were observed over two years of follow‐up, particularly in regions with lower CD4 counts at second‐line switch. Improvements in weight‐for‐age z‐scores were not observed during follow‐up. Cumulative incidence of LTFU at two years was Conclusions: Children switched to second‐line ART experience CD4 count increases as well as low to moderate rates of LTFU and mortality within two years after switch. Severe immune deficiency at time of switch in some settings suggests need for improved recognition and management of treatment failure in children., Introduction In 2018, there were an estimated 1.7 million children living with HIV globally and 160,000 new paediatric infections [1]. With the recommendation for immediate antiretroviral therapy (ART) [2], substantial [...]

Published
2020
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39. Higher rates of triple‐class virological failure in perinatally HIV‐infected teenagers compared with heterosexually infected young adults in Europe

Author

Judd, A, Lodwick, R, NogueraJulian, A, Gibb, DM, Butler, K, Costagliola, D, Sabin, C, van Sighem, A, Ledergerber, B, Torti, C, Mocroft, A, Podzamczer, D, Dorrucci, M, De Wit, S, Obel, N, Dabis, F, CozziLepri, A, García, F, Brockmeyer, NH, Warszawski, J, GonzalezTome, MI, Mussini, C, Touloumi, G, Zangerle, R, Ghosn, J, Castagna, A, Fätkenheuer, G, Stephan, C, Meyer, L, Campbell, MA, Chene, G, Phillips, A, Mary Krause, Murielle, Leport, Catherine, Wittkop, Linda, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Amo, Julia Del, Thorne, Claire, Kirk, Ole, PérezHoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Antinori, Andrea, Monforte, Antonella dʼArminio, Prieto, Luis, Rojo, Pablo, SorianoArandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Miró, Jose M., Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, Raben, Dorthe, Chêne, Geneviève, Barger, Diana, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Frederiksen, Casper M., FriisMøller, Nina, Kjaer, Jesper, Salbøl Brandt, Rikke, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Davies, MaryAnne, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Grabar, Sophie, Lambotte, Olivier, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Puoti, Massimo, Schomaker, Michael, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Thorne, Claire, van der Valk, Marc, and Wyss, Natasha

Published
2017
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42. HIV incidence in the Estonian population in 2013 determined using the HIV‐1 limiting antigen avidity assay

Author

Soodla, P, Simmons, R, Huik, K, Pauskar, M, Jõgeda, E‐L, Rajasaar, H, Kallaste, E, Maimets, M, Avi, R, Murphy, G, Porter, K, Lutsar, I, Del Amo, Julia, Meyer, Laurence, Bucher, Heiner C., Chêne, Geneviève, Hamouda, Osamah, Pillay, Deenan, Prins, Maria, Rosinska, Magda, Sabin, Caroline, Touloumi, Giota, Olson, Ashley, Cartier, Andrea, Fradette, Lorraine, Walker, Sarah, Babiker, Abdel, De Luca, Andrea, Fisher, Martin, Muga, Roberto, Kelleher, Tony, Cooper, David, Grey, Pat, Finlayson, Robert, Bloch, Mark, Ramacciotti, Tim, Gelgor, Linda, Smith, Don, Zangerle, Robert, Gill, John, Dabis, Francois, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Costagliola, Dominique, Guiguet, Marguerite, Vanhems, Philippe, Chaix, Marie‐Laure, Ghosn, Jade, Boufassa, Faroudy, Meixenberger, Karolin, Bannert, Norbert, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Antoniadou, Anastasia, Chrysos, Georgios, Daikos, Georgios L., Pantazis, Nikos, Katsarou, Olga, Rezza, Giovanni, Dorrucci, Maria, Monforte, Antonella dʼArminio, Geskus, Ronald, van der Helm, Jannie, Schuitemaker, Hanneke, Sannes, Mette, Brubakk, Oddbjorn, Kran, Anne‐Marte Bakken, Rosinska, Magdalena, Tor, Jordi, de Olalla, Patricia Garcia, Cayla, Joan, Moreno, Santiago, Monge, Susana, del Romero, Jorge, Pérez‐Hoyos, Santiago, Sönnerborg, Anders, Günthard, Huldrych, Scherrer, Alexandra, Malyuta, Ruslan, Johnson, Anne, Phillips, Andrew, Morrison, Charles, Price, Matt A., Giaquinto, Carlo, Grarup, Jesper, Kirk, Ole, Bailey, Heather, Volny Anne, Alain, Panteleev, Alex, Thorne, Claire, Aboulker, Jean‐Pierre, Albert, Jan, Asandi, Silvia, De Wit, Stéphane, Reiss, Peter, Gatell, José, Karpov, Igor, Ledergerber, Bruno, Møller, Claus, Rakhmanova, Aza, Rockstroh, Jürgen, Sandhu, Manjinder, Dedes, Nikos, Pizzuti, David, Faggion, Silvia, Raben, Dorthe, Schwimmer, Christine, and Scott, Martin

Published
2018
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43. Gestational diabetes in women living with HIV in the UK and Ireland: insights from population‐based surveillance data.

Author

Bukasa, Laurette L., Cortina‐Borja, Mario, Peters, Helen, Taylor, Graham P., and Thorne, Claire

Subjects
HIV-positive women, GESTATIONAL diabetes, BLACK Africans, MATERNAL age, PREMATURE labor, FETAL macrosomia
Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of gestational diabetes (GD) is increasing globally. While universal risk factors for GD are reasonably well understood, questions remain regarding risks for women living with HIV (WLWH). We aimed to describe GD prevalence, evaluate associated maternal risk factors and assess specific birth outcomes in WLWH in the UK and Ireland. Methods: We analysed all pregnancies (≥24 weeks' gestation) in women diagnosed with HIV before delivery, reported to the UK‐based Integrated Screening Outcomes Surveillance Service between 2010 and 2020. Every report of GD was considered as a case. A multivariable logistic regression model, adjusted for women with more than one pregnancy fitted with generalized estimating equations (GEE) assessed the effect of independent risk factors. Results: There were 10,553 pregnancies in 7916 women, of which 460 (4.72%) pregnancies had reported GD. Overall, the median maternal age was 33 years (Q1:29–Q3:37), and 73% of pregnancies were in Black African women. WLWH with GD (WLWH‐GD) were older (61% vs. 41% aged ≥35 years, p < 0.001) and more likely to be on treatment at conception (74% vs. 64%, p < 0.001) than women without GD. WLWH‐GD were more likely to have a stillbirth (odds ratio [OR]: 5.38, 95% CI: 2.14–13.5), preterm delivery (OR: 2.54, 95% CI: 1.95–3.32) and fetal macrosomia (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04–1.24). Independent risk factors for GD included estimated year of delivery (GEE‐adjusted odds ratio [GEE‐aOR]: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.10–1.18), advanced maternal age (≥35 years) (GEE‐aOR: 2.87, 95% CI: 1.54–5.34), Asian (GEE‐aOR: 2.63, 95% CI: 1.40–4.63) and Black African (GEE‐aOR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.13–2.12) ethnicity. Timing and type of antiretroviral therapy showed no evidence of a relationship with GD in multivariable analyses; however, women with a CD4 count ≤350 cells/μl were 27% less likely to have GD than women with CD4 counts >350 cells/μl (GEE‐aOR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.50–0.96). Conclusions: GD prevalence increased over time among WLWH but was not significantly different from the general population. Maternal age, ethnicity and CD4 count were risk factors based on available data. Stillbirth and preterm delivery were more common in WLWH‐GD than other WLWH over the study period. Further studies are required to build upon these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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44. Spontaneous Clearance of Vertically Acquired Hepatitis C Infection: Implications for Testing and Treatment.

Author

Ades, A E, Gordon, Fabiana, Scott, Karen, Collins, Intira Jeannie, Thorne, Claire, Pembrey, Lucy, Chappell, Elizabeth, Mariné-Barjoan, Eugènia, Butler, Karina, Indolfi, Giuseppe, Gibb, Diana M, and Judd, Ali

Subjects
HEPATITIS C risk factors, RNA virus infections, HEPATITIS C, MEDICAL screening, RISK assessment, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, VERTICAL transmission (Communicable diseases), LONGITUDINAL method, CHILDREN
Abstract

Background Current guidelines recommend that infants born to women with hepatitis C virus (HCV) viremia be screened for HCV antibody at age 18 months and, if positive, referred for RNA testing at 3 years to confirm chronic infection. This policy is based, in part, on analyses that suggest that 25%–40% of vertically acquired HCV infections clear spontaneously within 4–5 years. Methods Data on 179 infants with HCV RNA and/or anti-HCV evidence of vertically acquired infection in 3 prospective European cohorts were investigated. Ages at clearance of infection were estimated taking account of interval censoring and delayed entry. We also investigated clearance in initially HCV RNA–negative infants in whom RNA was not detectable until after 6 weeks. Results Clearance rates were initially high then declined slowly. Apparently, many infections clear before they can be confirmed. An estimated 65.9% (95% credible interval [CrI], 50.1–81.6) of confirmed infections cleared by 5 years, at a median 12.4 (CrI, 7.1–18.9) months. If treatment were to begin at age 6 months, 18 months, or 3 years, at least 59.0% (CrI, 42.0–76.9), 39.7% (CrI, 17.9–65.9), and 20.9% (CrI, 4.6–44.8) of those treated would clear without treatment. In 7 (6.6%) confirmed infections, RNA was not detectable until after 6 weeks and not until after 6 months in 2 (1.9%). However, all such cases subsequently cleared. Conclusions Most confirmed infection cleared by age 3 years. Treatment before age 3, if it was available, would avoid loss to follow-up but would result in substantial overtreatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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46. Improved darunavir genotypic mutation score predicting treatment response for patients infected with HIV-1 subtype B and non-subtype B receiving a salvage regimen

Author

De Luca, Andrea, Flandre, Philippe, Dunn, David, Zazzi, Maurizio, Wensing, Annemarie, Santoro, Maria Mercedes, Günthard, Huldrych F., Wittkop, Linda, Kordossis, Theodoros, Garcia, Federico, Castagna, Antonella, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Churchill, Duncan, De Wit, Stéphane, Brockmeyer, Norbert H., Imaz, Arkaitz, Mussini, Cristina, Obel, Niels, Perno, Carlo Federico, Roca, Bernardino, Reiss, Peter, Schülter, Eugen, Torti, Carlo, van Sighem, Ard, Zangerle, Robert, Descamps, Diane, De Luca, Andrea, Flandre, Philippe, Descamps, Diane, Castagna, Antonella, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Churchill, Duncan, Dunn, David, De Wit, Stéphane, Brockmeyer, Norbert H., Garcia, Federico, Imaz, Arkaitz, Kordossis, Theodoros, Mussini, Cristina, Obel, Niels, Roca, Bernardino, Torti, Carlo, van Sighem, Ard, Wensing, Annemarie, Zangerle, Robert, Wittkop, Linda, Reiss, Peter, Ceccherini-Silberstein, Francesca, Santoro, Maria Mercedes, Perno, Carlo Federico, Günthard, Huldrych, Schülter, Eugen, Zazzi, Maurizio, Wittkop, Linda, Descamps, Diane, Zangerle, Robert, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, François, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, Leport, Catherine, Wittkop, Linda, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, del Amo, Julia, Obel, Niels, Thorne, Claire, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Stephan, Christoph, Pérez-Hoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, Monforte, Antonella dʼArminio, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Prieto, Luis, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Mussini, Cristina, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Miró, Jose M., Castagna, Antonella, Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Torti, Carlo, Sabin, Caroline, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, de Wit, Stéphane, Miró, Jose M., Costagliola, Dominique, dʼArminio-Monforte, Antonella, Castagna, Antonella, del Amo, Julia, Mocroft, Amanda, Raben, Dorthe, Chêne, Geneviève, Judd, Ali, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Barger, Diana, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Wittkop, Linda, Campbell, Maria, Frederiksen, Casper M., Friis-Møller, Nina, Kjaer, Jesper, Raben, Dorthe, Brandt, Rikke Salbøl, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Bucher, Heiner, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Dabis, François, Monforte, Antonella dʼArminio, Davies, Mary-Anne, del Amo, Julia, Dorrucci, Maria, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Grabar, Sophie, Judd, Ali, Kirk, Ole, Lambotte, Olivier, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Meyer, Laurence, Miró, Jose M., Mocroft, Amanda, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Schomaker, Michael, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Thorne, Claire, Torti, Carlo, van der Valk, Marc, Wittkop, Linda, Wyss, Natasha, Aubert, V., Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Bucher, H. C., Burton-Jeangros, C., Calmy, A., Cavassini, M., Dollenmaier, G., Egger, M., Elzi, L., Fehr, J., Fellay, J., Furrer, H., Fux, C. A., Gorgievski, M., Günthard, H., Haerry, D., Hasse, B., Hirsch, H. H., Hoffmann, M., Hösli, I., Kahlert, C., Kaiser, L., Keiser, O., Klimkait, T., Kouyos, R., Kovari, H., Ledergerber, B., Martinetti, G., de Tejada, B. Martinez, Metzner, K., Müller, N., Nadal, D., Nicca, D., Pantaleo, G., Rauch, A., Regenass, S., Rickenbach, M., Rudin, C., Schöni-Affolter, F., Schmid, P., Schüpbach, J., Speck, R., Tarr, P., Telenti, A., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Weber, R., and Yerly, S.

Published
2016
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49. Optimizing responses to drug safety signals in pregnancy: the example of dolutegravir and neural tube defects

Author

Mofenson, Lynne M., Pozniak, Anton L., Wambui, Jacque, Raizes, Elliot, Ciaranello, Andrea, Clayden, Polly, Ehrenkranz, Peter, Fakoya, Ade, Hill, Andrew, Khoo, Saye, Mahaka, Imelda, Modi, Surbhi, Moore, Cynthia, Phillips, Andrew, Siberry, George, Sikwese, Kenly, Thorne, Claire, Watts, Heather D., Doherty, Meg, and Ford, Nathan P.

Subjects
Antiviral agents -- Complications and side effects, Pregnant women -- Drug therapy, Health risk assessment -- Evaluation, HIV infection -- Drug therapy, Health
Abstract

: Introduction: The unexpected identification of a neural tube defect (NTD) safety signal with preconception dolutegravir (DTG) exposure in the Botswana Tsepamo birth outcomes study brought into sharp focus the need for reliable data on use of new antiretrovirals in pregnancy, improved pharmacovigilance systems to evaluate safety of new drugs being introduced into populations including women of reproductive potential, and balanced risk‐benefit messaging when a safety signal is identified. Discussion: The Tsepamo study NTD safety signal and accompanying regulatory responses led to uncertainty about the most appropriate approach to DTG use among women of reproductive potential, affecting global DTG roll‐out plans, and limiting DTG use in adolescent girls and women. It also revealed a tension between a public health approach to antiretroviral treatment (ART) and individual choice, and highlighted difficulties interpreting and messaging an unexpected safety signal with uncertainty about risk. This difficulty was compounded by the lack of high‐quality data on pregnancy outcomes from women receiving ART outside the Tsepamo surveillance sites and countries other than Botswana, resulting in a prolonged period of uncertainty while data on additional exposures are evaluated to refute or confirm the initial safety signal. We discuss principles for evaluating and introducing new drugs in the general population that would ensure collection of appropriate data to inform drug safety in adolescent girls and women of reproductive potential and minimize confusion about drug use in this population when a safety signal is identified. Conclusions: The response to a signal suggesting a possible safety risk for a drug used in pregnancy or among women who may become pregnant needs to be rapid and comprehensive. It requires the existence of appropriately designed surveillance systems with broad population coverage; data analyses that examine risk‐benefit trade‐offs in a variety of contexts; guidance to transform this risk‐benefit balance into effective and agreed‐upon policy; involvement of the affected community and other key stakeholders; and a communication plan for all levels of knowledge and complexity. Implementation of this proposed framework for responding to safety signals is needed to ensure that any drug used in pregnancy can be rapidly and appropriately evaluated should a serious safety alert arise., Abbreviations Introduction While there is an urgency to bring newer and more potent antiretroviral drugs developed in resource‐rich settings to resource‐limited settings as quickly as possible, evaluation of the safety [...]

Published
2019
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50. Characteristics, treatment and care of pregnant women living with hepatitis B in England: findings from a national audit.

Author

Bailey, Heather, Nastouli, Eleni, Webb, Sharon, Peckham, Catherine, and Thorne, Claire

Abstract

Around 0.4% of pregnant women in England have chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and need services to prevent vertical transmission. In this national audit, sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory information was requested from all maternity units in England for hepatitis B surface antigen-positive women initiating antenatal care in 2014. We describe these women's characteristics and indicators of access to/uptake of healthcare. Of 2542 pregnancies in 2538 women, median maternal age was 31 [IQR 27, 35] years, 94% (1986/2109) were non-UK born (25% (228/923) having arrived into the UK <2 years previously) and 32% (794/2473) had ⩾2 previous live births. In 39%, English levels were basic/less than basic. Antenatal care was initiated at median 11.3 [IQR 9.6, 14] gestation weeks, and 'late' (⩾20 weeks) in 10% (251/2491). In 70% (1783/2533) of pregnancies, HBV had been previously diagnosed and 11.8% (288/2450) had ⩾1 marker of higher infectivity. Missed specialist appointments were reported in 18% (426/2339). Late antenatal care and/or missed specialist appointments were more common in pregnancies among women lacking basic English, arriving in the UK ⩽2 years previously, newly HBV diagnosed, aged <25 years and/or with ⩾2 previous live births. We show overlapping groups of pregnant women with chronic HBV vulnerable to delayed or incomplete care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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