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The 18th International Conference on Ph.D. Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME 2023- http://prime-conference.org/), held in Valencia, Spain on June 18 to 21, 2023, hosted a joint Women in Circuits and Systems (WiCAS)-Young Professional (YP) event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, research on synchronization between coupled chaotic circuits has attracted interest in a wide range of fields. This is because the synchronization of coupled chaotic circuits is a multidisciplinary phenomenon that occurs in various applications, such as broadband communication systems or secure communication. In this study, we propose a coupled chaotic circuit network model with stochastic couplings. We investigate the synchronization phenomena observed for the proposed network using different network structures such as fully-coupled, random, small world and scale-free networks. We find that the same synchronization characteristics can be obtained for these networks with a dynamic topology as when the coupling strength is changed in static networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we focus on clustering phenomena in a network composed of coupled chaotic circuits. In this investigation, the coupling strength is reflected by the distance information when the chaotic circuits are placed in a two-dimensional grid. We observe various clustering phenomena in the network of coupled chaotic circuits when we vary the scaling parameters, including the coupling strength, the distance between coupled chaotic circuits and the density of the chaotic circuits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Image fusion is an important task in both image processing and computer vision research that use multisensor processing and multiscale analysis. This paper proposed a novel image fusion algorithm using a nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) and a pulse-coupled neural network (PCNN) with digital filtering. First, we decomposed two original images into a low-frequency and a series of high-frequency subband coefficients based on the NSCT and repeated that step for the next low-frequency subband. Second, each low-frequency subband coefficient in different levels in the frequency domain for both images was duplicated, and then these low-frequency subband coefficients of different levels from two different images were processed through a Laplacian filter and an average filter. The Laplacian filter can improve the performance of both edge and texture representation; the average filter can implement image smoothing for creating a superior reconstruction of an image via the low-frequency subband coefficients of the frequency domain in image processing. Moreover, the coupling coefficients from different images were fused by using the PCNN. Finally, reconstructed a fused image based on low- and high-frequency subband coefficients in different scales and directions using the inverse NSCT. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to state-of-the-art conventional image fusion algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We discover a complex behavior when switching three different synchronization states in two coupled chaotic circuits related to intermittency. Two methods to model this interesting complex behavior are proposed. First, we model this complex behavior by a first-order Markov chain with four states. Second, the modeling method by using 1-D Poincaré map derived from one chaotic circuit is proposed. We confirm that both modeling methods agree very well with computer simulations. Finally, we discuss the characteristics of two modeling methods for calculation times, modeling accuracy and application of large-scale systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shrimps are islands of periodicity within a chaotic sea in phase and parameter spaces of dimensions larger than one. Islands of different periodicities have recently been shown to be connected by spirals that emanate from a joint focal point, paving ways to wander around in parameter space without ever crossing the chaotic sea. We discuss the shrimp building and scaling principles as well as the influence of individual system properties. While the emergence of shrimps has abundantly been demonstrated for artificial systems, we discuss here in detail evidence of rich hierarchies of shrimps in experimental systems. We finally pinpoint the importance of shrimps in the field of bioinformatics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synchronization phenomena in coupled oscillatory systems are very important models to describe various higher-dimensional nonlinear phenomena in the field of natural science. In this paper, phase synchronization in a ring of van der Pol oscillators coupled by time-varying resistors is studied. The coexistence of in-phase and anti/N-phase states and various interesting phase synchronization patterns are observed when the parameters are changed. Further, the influence of duty cycle of time-varying resistors for the observed phase synchronization patterns is investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a Markov chain modeling of complicated phenomena observed from coupled chaotic oscillators. Once we obtain the transition probability matrix from computer simulation results, various statistical quantities can be easily calculated from the model. It is shown that various statistical quantities are easily calculated by using the Markov chain model. Various features derived from the Markov chain models of chaotic wandering of synchronization states and switching of clustering states are compared with those obtained from computer simulations of original circuit equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, synchronization phenomena observed in van der Pol oscillators coupled by a time-varying resistor are investigated. We realize the time-varying resistor by switching a positive and a negative resistor periodically. By carrying out circuit experiments and computer calculations, interesting synchronization phenomena can be confirmed to be generated in this system. Namely, the synchronization states change according to the switching frequency of the time-varying resistor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In two-dimensional parameter spaces, nonlinear systems producing solutions of a fixed periodicity form islands of a characteristic shape, called "shrimp"-shaped domains (SSDs). In simulations of electronic circuits, SSDs of different periodicities were recently found to be connected along spirals. By means of a hardware realization of the simulations, we provide a first direct proof of the real-world existence of this phenomenon. An improved description establishes a close experiment-simulation correspondence, and a simplified circuit family demonstrates the homoclinic saddle-focus origin of the phenomenon.

An important step towards understanding the working principles of the mammalian hearing sensor is the concept of an active cochlear amplifier. Theoretical arguments and physiological measurements suggest that the active cochlear amplifiers originate from systems close to a Hopf bifurcation. Efforts to model the mammalian hearing sensor on these grounds have, however, either had problems in reproducing sufficiently close essential aspects of the biological example (Magnasco, M.O. Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 058101 (2003); Duke, T. & Jülicher, F. Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 158101 (2003)), or required complicated spatially coupled differential equation systems that are unfeasible for transient signals (Kern, A. & Stoop, R. Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 128101 (2003)). Here, we demonstrate a simple system of electronically coupled Hopf amplifiers that not only leads to the desired biological response behavior, but also has real-time capacity. The obtained electronic Hopf cochlea shares all salient signal processing features exhibited by the mammalian cochlea and thus provides a simple and efficient design of an artificial mammalian hearing sensor.