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Using an integrated approach, 3D geological and hydrodynamic models were built using the results of facies analysis. A sedimentological description of the core was carried out with the interpretation of facies, the formation of which occurred in relatively deep-water sedimentation conditions of the Achimov strata and 7 facies were identified. Based on the results of the facies interpretation of the core, petrofacial modeling were performed according to the concept of pore space connectivity, connectivity coefficients (Sf) were selected and the dependence of the permeability determination for each facies was clarified.In addition to determining facies by core, using the interpretation of lithology by logging, facies zones (A, B, C), associations of facies by area, seismic attributes (dynamic analysis), it was possible to perform a facies interpretation of logging curves (electrophations) and build facies maps for each cyclite within a large clinocyclite (formation). The geological model was built taking into account the internal structure of the formation and facies analysis, which made it possible to differentiate the formation into separate intervals with their dependences of filtration and capacitance properties.This approach provided a better match of the model to the real geological structure and laid the predictive basis for subsequent drilling purposes.

Traumatic injuries to the sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) dislocations account for less than 3% of all joint dislocations. However, instrumentation fixation is frequently associated with high-risk complications that lead to disability. The authors sought to explore historical aspects of various surgical fixation techniques based on specific anatomy of injured segment. The findings are presented in the chronological order briefly describing methods of fixation, the authors and clinical results obtained.

Objective: a comparative analysis of the results of the use of different surgical methods of treatment of patients with formed pancreatic cysts.Material and methods. 108 patients with formed pancreatic cysts were treated and analysis of shortand long-term results of their surgical treatment was performed. Patients were divided into three groups depending on the type of surgical intervention: I – external drainage – 44 (40.7%), II – internal drainage –33 (30.6%), III – resection operations – 31 (28.7%).Results and discussions. Marsupialization of cyst by laparotomy incision was performed in patients of I group (n = 44). 18 (40.9%) complications, 9 (20.5%) lethal cases were after operation. Anastomoses of cysts with the small intestine were mostly performed in II group (n = 33) – 21 (63.6%). 7 (21.2%) complications, 1 (3.0%) lethal case were after operation. Distal resections were performed in patients of III group (n = 31) in 16 (51.6%) cases. Duodenum-preserving resections were introduced for treatment of cyst of pancreas head – 12 (38.7%). When performing this type of operations we proposed nikelid titanium stents for the prevention of anastomosis stenosis and preoperative retrograde stenting of the common bile duct for the prevention of damage. 10 (32.3%) complications and no lethal cases were after operation. Immediate results were worse in patients of I group. 47 (43.5%) patients were analyzed in long-term period. The number of recurrences of the disease (13.3%) and long-term mortality (33.3%) prevailed in the group of patients undergoing internal drainage of cysts. Quality of life, level of mental and physical health, that was assessed using SF-36, were higher in group of patients with reactionary treatment.Conclusion. The best immediate and long-term results were noted after resection operations, that enables to recommend their as the most optimal and radical method for treatment of patients with pancreatic cysts. Introducing of duodenum-preserving resections in case of pancreas head cyst improves the quality of patients life.

To improve the results of treatment of patients with cholelithiasis and its complications, the comparative analysis of the frequency, causes, and character of biliary dust damages at traditional cholecystectomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy and the results of reconstructive and restorative operations has been carried out. Among 6013 operated patients, duct traumas were observed in 0.6% at traditional cholecystectomy and in 0.7% at laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Based on the analysis of 56 repeated operations, the optimal tactics of treatment depending on the level and character of duct damages was determined. Prophylactics consists, first of all, in the early and adequate surgical treatment of patients with cholelithiasis.

Background: Cell-free DNA from dying cells recently has been discovered in human blood plasma. In experiments performed on animals and humans, we examined whether this cell-free DNA can cross the kidney barrier and be used as a diagnostic tool., Methods: Mice received subcutaneous injections of either human Raji cells or purified (32)P-labeled DNA. DNA was isolated from urine and analyzed by measurement of radioactivity, agarose gel electrophoresis, and PCR. In humans, the permeability of the kidney barrier to polymeric DNA was assessed by detection in urine of sequences that were different from an organism bulk nuclear DNA., Results: In the experiments on laboratory animals, we found that approximately 0.06% of injected DNA was excreted into urine within 3 days in a polymeric form and that human-specific ALU: sequences that passed through the kidneys could be amplified by PCR. In humans, male-specific sequences could be detected in the urine of females who had been transfused with male blood as well as in DNA isolated from urine of women pregnant with male fetuses. K-ras mutations were detected in the urine of patients with colon adenocarcinomas and pancreatic carcinomas., Conclusions: The data suggest that the kidney barrier in rodents and humans is permeable to DNA molecules large enough to be analyzed by standard genetic methodologies.

Distinct DNA fractions (fr-DNAs), moving separately from bulk DNA, were revealed by field inversion gel electrophoresis of DNA from intact cells lysed and deproteinized in agarose plugs. These fr-DNAs (approximately 2% of the total DNA) were ubiquitously present in nuclei of all mammalian cells studied, including human normal and tumor tissues, and showed a typical electrophoretic pattern (three bands with constant mobilities termed a-, b-, and c-DNA). Characteristic mobility shifts induced by gamma irradiation of a- and b-DNAs suggest their non-linear conformation. In fact, electron microscopy of a- and b-DNAs from Namalwa cells revealed rosette-like structures stabilized by a central protease-resistant knob. Comparative PCR analysis revealed qualitative differences between genomic fingerprints of a- and b-DNAs on the one hand and chromosomal DNA on the other. The results obtained suggest that fr-DNAs originate either from some specific chromatin regions due to non-random cleavages or from an autonomous intranuclear structure, not identified as yet.