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A lay movement known as the Poor of Christ, incorrectly referred to as the Waldensians, started in the Roman Church in 1176 and rapidly spread through Europe despite severe persecution by the church. Through their values and methods, they impacted on the communities where they were present. This article aims to show their role and contributions indicating its impact on the 16th century Reformation and relevance for the church today. It does this by examining selected themes from the Poor of Christ: their life-transforming faith, the strengthening of laity, the equal role of women in ministry, the importance of teaching and living the faith, a focused rather than fenced theology and loyalty to the one Church of Christ. The article also draws reference to the COVID-19 pandemic and explores what we can learn from the Poor of Christ in addressing this situation. Contribution: This article puts the spotlight on an overlooked lay movement that contributed significantly in preparing the climate for the 16th Century Reformation. Their example shows that the real strength of church is through members empowered to holistically live their faith. The article shows the current relevance of their values and methods.

This article proposes three revolt forms that can be found in the novel Café Nostalgia, by Zoé Valdés, through the concept of revolt created by Julia Kristeva. After defining revolt, it can be identified that the novel (i) places an intimate revolution instead of a political revolution, (ii) demonstrates that the senses transform the body into the scenario for memory, and (iii) explores the anamnesis as a way of inhabit the present. This analysis will allow us to conclude that using Kristeva's concept for reading Valdés' novel opens new ways of conceiving the past experience and the creation of literary meaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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El edificio de la Universidad Técnica del Estado (1964-1968) en Punta Arenas (latitud 53°8´53,3” sur, longitud 70°55´41,72” oeste) jalona una etapa de la modernidad local y pone en evidencia la ambigüedad del término moderno, que obliga a la precisión de la categoría cada vez que circunscribimos el estudio a un caso específico como éste. /The building of the State Technical University (1964-1968) in Punta Arenas (latitude 53 ° 8'53, 3 "south, longitude 70 ° 55'41, 72" W) marks out a stage in the local currency and highlights the ambiguity of the modern term, which requires the precision of each time category limits the study to a specific case like this.

This article is an analysis of the relationships between doctors and spirituals in modern Spain. In the sixteenth century, doctors finally imposed their point of view. Three dates mark the stages of this evolution: the death of Cisneros in 1517, the Inquisition edict against the Toledo alumbrados in 1525, and the index of General Inquisitor Valdés in 1559.

The office of architects B.V.C.H. was one of the most renowned representatives of modern architecture en Chile by mid-twentieth century, also one of the studies of greater visibility and prestige, nationally and internationally. The text presented here, which refers to a particular segment of studying the work of this office - which tackles the understanding of the dialogue or observable parallels between the production of singlefamily housing and of the greatest works - revised three major periods of consecutive time. Inquiries were made from the interpretation of artwork both time as other contemporaries of specialized archives available. It argues that the design of single-family housing is not a watertight compartment, but there is a way in which this subject, over time, establishes and maintains a dialogue with the other genres developed by architects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Valdes of Lyon, Francis of Assisi and their influence on the History of Western Christianity. Some reflections 50 years later (after my first statements on their unterstanding: 1961 and 1966). The article retraces the research path of the author, who dedicated his carreer to the study of Waldism, Franciscanism, the medieval pauperist movements and their consequences for the history of Christianity during the 15th and 16th century, focusing on the religious cleavage caused by Luther and the Protestant Reform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

S’il y a un sens à rapprocher la construction du Diálogo de Valdés des œuvres de Machiavel, ce n’est pas pour de mauvaises raisons extrinsèques (une influence positive très peu probable, une identification hâtive de Valdés à un «machiavélisme» simpliste), mais parce que les deux auteurs, à quelques années de distance, cherchent tous deux à inventer le discours politique adapté à leur temps, et les régimes discursifs qu’ils adoptent présentent une analogie intéressante. Cette analogie peut être étudiée dans trois directions : d’une part, dans la manière d’appréhender les faits politiques en les saisissant comme des effets naturels, et en neutralisant ainsi leur charge idéologique ou symbolique ; d’autre part, dans le choix de construire un raisonnement ordonné pour rendre ces faits intelligibles; et enfin, dans la manière dont l’un et l’autre choisissent d’affronter les divisions et les discordes pris comme objets essentiels du raisonnement politique. L’examen de cette triple analogie permet de former en conclusion l’hypothèse selon laquelle ces trois opérations, communes à Machiavel et à Valdés, font de leurs écrits une sorte de préhistoire de la raison d’État.

CONTINUAÇÃO - OS VALDENSES