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Green construction materials developed using renewable resources have become the focus of concurrent research owing to increasing environmental considerations and legislations. However, most of the available literature focus only on load-bearing construction elements. Consequently, little attention has been paid towards non-load-bearing construction elements such as partitioning materials. The present work aims to address this gap by investigating the viability of using the biodegradable bioplastic PLA in combination with yarns spun using banana fibres to manufacture a composite panel intended for temporary partitioning materials used in the construction industry. Pre-tensioned banana yarns were used as the reinforcement while PLA was used as the matrix. The composite panels were manufactured using the compression moulding technique. The effect of process parameters such as moulding temperature and pressure, the effects of the degree of pre-tension and the amount of reinforcing yarn on the performance of the panels were investigated. The optimum moulding conditions were found to be 180oC moulding temperature and 15 tons of moulding pressure. Yarn pre-tensioning exhibited a positive effect on the performance of the composite panels. However, increasing the reinforcing yarn percentage caused a degradation of flexural performance of the composite. Finally, the performance was compared against the most widely used partitioning material currently, medium-density fibreboard (MDF). The novel composite panel manufactured at optimum conditions exhibited 52% higher impact strength and 55% higher flexural strength when compared to MDF. The composite panel presented herein has the potential to replace MDF as a better performing material manufactured using renewable resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study elaborates on the effects of matrix rigidity on the high-velocity impact behaviour of UHMWPE textile composites using experimental and numerical methods. Textile composite samples were manufactured of a plain-weave fabric (comprising Spectra® 1000 fibres) and four different matrix materials. High-velocity impact tests were conducted by launching a spherical steel projectile to strike on the prepared samples via a gas gun. The experimental results showed that the textile composites gradually changed from a membrane stretching mode to a plate bending mode as the matrix rigidity and thickness increased. The composites deformed in the membrane stretching mode had higher impact resistance and energy absorption capacity, and it was found that the average energy absorption per ply was much higher in this mode, although the number of broken yarns was smaller in the perforated samples. Moreover, the flexible matrix composites always had higher perforation resistance but larger deformation than the rigid matrix counterparts in the tested thickness and velocity range. A novel numerical modelling approach with enhanced computational efficiency was proposed to simulate textile composites in mesoscale resolution. The simulation results revealed that stress and strain development in the more rigid matrix composite was localised in the vicinity of the impact location, leading to larger local deformation and inferior perforation resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Post-industrial textile waste has been identified as a growing crisis in the developing world. Being a leading apparel manufacturing hub, post-industrial textile waste in Sri Lanka creates severe environmental challenges due to massive quantities of synthetic raw materials being used, and the absence of proper waste management systems. This study employed a survey and interviews to investigate the current status of post-industrial textile waste in the Sri Lankan apparel manufacturing industry and the management attitudes towards implementing sustainable waste management strategies. Results indicate that a manufacturing firm generates 10–20 tons of post-industrial textile waste per month, and the preferred disposal route is incineration, followed by landfilling. Statistical analysis of the questionnaire results indicates the lack of management initiatives taken in developing waste management strategies. New regulations to control landfilling are imminently necessary to minimize environmental impacts. Global fashion retailers must extend their environmental responsibility to support manufacturing firms to implement effective waste management systems by providing much needed technology and financial support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fiber networks with out-of-plane auxetic behavior have been sporadically investigated. One of the major challenges is to design such materials with giant negative Poisson's ratio over large deformations. Here in, we report a systematic investigation to create three-dimensional (3D) fiber networks in the form of needlepunched nonwoven materials with out-of-plane auxetic behavior over large deformations via theoretical modeling and extensive set of experiments. The experimental matrix has encapsulated the key parameters of the needlepunching nonwoven process. Under uniaxial tensile loading, the anisotropy coupled with local fiber densification in networks has yielded large negative Poisson's ratio (up to −5.7) specifically in the preferential direction. The in-plane and out-of-plane Poisson's ratios of fiber networks have been predicted and, subsequently, compared with the experimental results. Fiber orientation was found to be a core parameter that modulated the in-plane Poisson's ratio of fiber networks. A parametric analysis has revealed the interplay between the anisotropy of the fiber network and the out-of-plane Poisson's ratio based upon constant volume consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]