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Aiming at Articulated Road Roller (ARR) path planning near the construction area, a novel path planning method using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Longest Accessible Path with Course Correction (LAP-CC) is proposed. First, the feasible path selected by Goal-Directed RRT (GDRRT) will be repeated 20 times to determine which category the obstacle belongs to, and then the error penalty factor and kernel parameter of SVM are selected by the grid search and cross-validation parameter optimization algorithm. Then, A set of different virtual obstacles are used on both sides of ARR to control the start and end points of the zero-potential decision boundary. Next, Longest Accessible Path (LAP) is presented to search critical turning points on the decision boundary. Finally, Course Correction (CC) corrects ARR course at these critical turning points. Simulation experiments show that the novel path planning method for ARR using SVM and LAP-CC has the advantages of simplicity, feasibility, low computational cost and good repeatability.

Abstract Ectopic cervical thymoma is rare and is often misdiagnosed as a thyroid tumor or other malignancy. Ectopic thymic tissue can be found along the entire thymic descent path during embryogenesis. However, a thymoma arising from such ectopic thymic tissue is extremely rare. Herein we report a patient with ectopic cervical thymoma and myasthenia gravis (MG) and discuss the management.

Protein degradation is a fundamental process in all living cells and is essential to remove both damaged proteins and intact proteins that are no longer needed by the cell. We are interested in creating synthetic genetic circuits that function in a cell-free expression system. This will require not only an efficient protein expression platform but also a robust protein degradation system in cell extract. Therefore, we purified and tested the activity of E. coli ClpXP protease in cell-free transcription-translation (TX-TL) systems that used E. coli S30 cell extract. Surprisingly, our studies showed that purified ClpXP added to the TX-TL system has very low proteolytic activity. The low activity of ClpXP was correlated with the rapid consumption of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in cell extract. We improved the activity of ClpXP in cell extract by adding exogenous ATP and an energy regeneration system. We then established conditions for both protein synthesis, and protein degradation by ClpXP to occur simultaneously in the TX-TL systems. The optimized conditions for ClpXP activity will be useful for creating tunable synthetic genetic circuits and in vitro synthetic biology.

A series of novel discotic liquid-crystalline donor–acceptor (D–A) dyads 5D10An (n = 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) adjusted by changing the chain length (n) of diester groups on perylene were synthesized based on triphenylene and perylene units, which were linked by a flexible linkage of 10-decyloxy-1-amine. Results from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), one-dimensional X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, and polarized optical microscopy (POM) images indicate that 5D10A4, 5D10A5, 5D10A6, and 5D10A7 exhibited hexagonal columnar phase at high temperature ranges and rectangular columnar phases at room temperature. Combining the XRD data and the steady state spectra of UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, the intramolecular triphenylenes and perylene diester cores were stacked separately in distinct columns and nano-segregation occurred during self-assembly. The HOMO/LUMO energy levels were obtained using CV, UV-Vis spectroscopy, UPS and Gaussian09. Charge carrier mobilities were measured by a time-of-flight (TOF) device. These discotic liquid-crystalline compounds exhibited highly efficient ambipolar charge-transport properties, and the hole and electron mobilities can reach the order of 10−3 cm2 V−1 s−1 by segregated D–A columns. This is the first report on D–A dyads' discotic liquid crystals, which not only feature ambipolar transport but also exhibit columnar phase structures that can be stabilized at room temperature, providing potential utility of the strategy in organic optoelectronic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electron backscatter diffraction， five parameter analysis， overlap-pole-figure analysis and near coincident site analysis were used to investigate the interface character distributions of WC/WC grain boundaries and WC/Co phase boundaries in WC/Co cemented carbides under different heat treatment states. The results show that the WC/WC Σ2 grain boundaries with a fraction of 4.5% are generated in the oil-quenched sample after high temperature sintering. The fraction of Σ2 boundaries with interface matching features of ｛101¯0｝/｛101¯0｝ is 2.6%.The cobalt in this sample is basically face-centered-cubic structure， and the interface with the interface inter-connection features of ｛101¯0｝WC/｛001｝Co，｛101¯0｝WC/｛110｝Co and ｛112¯0｝WC/｛110｝Co is the main part of the WC/Co phase boundary. After tempering at 800 ℃， the samples with atmosphere protection and slow cooling in the furnace have the proportion and characteristics of WC/WC Σ2 grain boundaries， which are very close to those of oil-quenched samples.The cobalt in this sample is primarily hexagonal structure， and the interface with the interface inter-connection features of ｛101¯0｝WC/｛101¯0｝Co and ｛112¯0｝WC/｛112¯0｝Co is the main part of the WC/Co phase boundary.

Simple Summary: Lung cancer is the most common reason for cancer-related death, and patient survival is mainly dependent on tumor stage. The median overall survival of patients who are diagnosed with advanced/metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still less than 3 years. The poor survival rates highlight the unmet need to elucidate the mechanism underlying lung cancer carcinogenesis to improve treatment responses and overall survival. The expression and function of SOX1 in the progression of lung cancer are still unclear. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, we demonstrated that SOX1 repressed anchorage-independent growth, invasion, and metastasis. Interestingly, SOX1 performed its function by repressing hairy and enhancer of split 1 (HES1). Recent studies have shown that HES1, which is a helix–loop–helix transcription factor, performs important functions in stemness, metastasis, and drug resistance in cancer. These results suggest that SOX1 is a tumor suppressor that affects the carcinogenesis of lung cancer. The development of lung cancer is a complex process that involves many genetic and epigenetic changes. Sex-determining region Y (SRY)-box (SOX) genes encode a family of proteins that are involved in the regulation of embryonic development and cell fate determination. SOX1 is hypermethylated in human cancers. However, the role of SOX1 in the development of lung cancer is unclear. We used quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP), quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) analysis, and web tools to confirm the frequent epigenetic silencing of SOX1 in lung cancer. Stable overexpression of SOX1 repressed cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and invasion in vitro as well as cancer growth and metastasis in a xenograft mouse model. Knockdown of SOX1 by the withdrawal of doxycycline partly restored the malignant phenotype of inducible SOX1-expressing NSCLC cells. Next, we discovered the potential downstream pathways of SOX1 using RNA-seq analysis and identified HES1 as a direct target of SOX1 using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-PCR. Furthermore, we performed phenotypic rescue experiments to prove that overexpression of HES1-FLAG in SOX1-expressing H1299 cells partly reversed the tumor-suppressive effect. Taken together, these data demonstrated that SOX1 acts as a tumor suppressor by directly inhibiting HES1 during the development of NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveTo investigate the pathogenic spectrum and molecular characteristics of infectious diarrhea among children in Putuo District of Shanghai from 2018 to 2023， and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of infectious diarrhea in children.MethodsFecal samples from the cases visited sentinel hospitals for children’s diarrheal disease in Putuo District， Shanghai， were collected from January 2018 to December 2023. A total of 11 species of bacteria were isolated and cultured， and 5 species of viruses were detected by real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. The molecular typing of some positive strains was analyzed by the standard pulsed-field gel electrophoresis （PFGE） method. The polymerase-capsid protein linkage region of some norovirus-positive samples was amplified by reverse transcription PCR， and was sequenced and analyzed by bioinformatics software. The Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact probability test were used to compare the pathogen-positive rates in 2018‒2019 and 2020‒2023.ResultsOf the 707 cases of children with infectious diarrhea， the total positive rate was 47.67%， with a single bacterial positivity rate of 16.27%， a single viral positivity rate of 22.63%， and a mixed positivity rate of 8.77%， respectively. The dominant pathogens were rotavirus （10.75%）， norovirus （10.33%）， enteropathogenic Escherichia coli （8.06%）， Salmonella （6.36%）， enteroaggregative Escherichia coli （5.52%）， and Campylobacter （5.23%）. Bacterial infections were predominant in summer and fall， and viral infections were predominant in winter and spring. The total positive rate decreased in 2020‒2023 compared with that of 2018‒2019 （χ2=5.753，P

The harmless and resourceful treatment of uranium-containing wastewater generated from uranium and uranium-polymetallic ore mining and metallurgy is a hot research topic in the field of nuclear resources and environment. This paper reviewed the current research status and progress of uranium phosphate mineral solidification method to treat uranium-containing wastewater. The solidification principles and effects of uranium solidification by soluble phosphate, uranium solidification by phosphorus-containing natural minerals,uranium solidification by synthetic phosphate adsorbent materials,and uranium solidification by bio-mediated organic phosphorus were introduced. Compared with other mineral uranium solidification processes,uranium solidification by phosphate minerals had the advantages of high efficiency,low cost and high product stability. The addition of metal cations in the process of phosphate uranium fixation determined the process of uranium fixation and the type of products. Among metal phosphate uranium fixation minerals,variable calcium uranium mica had the highest dissolution stability,which provided a new idea for the removal and recovery of uranium in low concentration uranium-containing solutions by phosphate mineral solidification.

Bacteriophages have been used across various fields, and the utilization of CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing technology can accelerate the research and applications of bacteriophages. However, some bacteriophages can escape from the cleavage of Cas protein, such as Cas9, and decrease the efficiency of genome editing. This study focuses on the bacteriophage T7, which is widely utilized but whose mechanism of evading the cleavage of CRISPR/Cas9 has not been elucidated. First, we test the escape rates of T7 phage at different cleavage sites, ranging from 10-2 to 10-5. The sequencing results show that DNA point mutations and microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) at the target sites are the main causes. Next, we indicate the existence of the hotspot DNA region of MMEJ and successfully reduce MMEJ events by designing targeted sites that bypass the hotspot DNA region. Moreover, we also knock out the ATP-dependent DNA ligase 1.3 gene, which may be involved in the MMEJ event, and the frequency of MMEJ at 4.3 is reduced from 83% to 18%. Finally, the genome editing efficiency in T7 Δ1.3 increases from 20% to 100%. This study reveals the mechanism of T7 phage evasion from the cleavage of CRISPR/Cas9 and demonstrates that the special design of editing sites or the deletion of key gene 1.3 can reduce MMEJ events and enhance gene editing efficiency. These findings will contribute to advancing CRISPR/Cas-based tools for efficient genome editing in phages and provide a theoretical foundation for the broader application of phages.

Purposes In order to obtain additional microstructural information on the ConMoS(n＝1-5) cluster and establish a theoretical foundation for subsequent investigations of its electronic properties and catalytic performance, the atomic interaction relationships and frontier orbital compositions of the cluster are investigated. Methods To accomplish this, density functional theory with the B3LYP functional and def2-TZVP basis set is adopted to optimize the cluster configuration and perform theoretical analysis under various spin multiplicities with the Gaussian09 software package. Findings The results demonstrate the existence of 21 stable configurations. AIM theory, electron localization function, and deformation density are analyzed to obtain information on the degree of internal interaction and electron density transfer trends of the cluster. The findings indicate that covalent bonding interactions between Co, Mo, and S atoms are strong in the internal atom interactions of the cluster, with S atoms exhibiting high localization and low probability of electron escape from the domain. In contrast, Co and Mo atoms exhibit strong delocalization and are likely to exchange electrons with the outside electrons. Through Hirshfeld analysis of atomic contribution rates, it can be observed that metal atoms are the primary contributors to the HOMO and LUMO orbitals, with Mo and Co atoms dominating the frontier orbitals. Overall, covalent bonding is the primary atomic interaction within the cluster, but the strength of these interactions varies. Mo and Co atoms should be the focus in chemical reactions of the cluster.

Xinjiang is an important area linking China with Central Asia and Europe, and is a vital land pivot point of China's "One Belt, One Road". As the number of flights increases year by year, the control pressure in Xinjiang control area increases year by year, and the problems of uneven load distribution and increasing conflict points in the sector are becoming more and more serious. In this paper, the traffic growth of the Xinjiang control region in 2035is predicted in the light of the development requirements of China's "One Belt, One Road" and "Air Silk Road", and then a capacity assessment of the current sector classification scheme is conducted based on the controllers' workload. Finally, computer simulation technology is used to evaluate the sector designation scheme in 2035. The results show that the new sector division can effectively reduce peak day traffic and peak hour traffic. Through reasonable division of sectors with high controller load, the control pressure has also been significantly alleviated.

Stretchable electronic devices as an emerging electronic application product break the limitations of traditional planar rigid circuits and further expand the application fields of optoelectronics. Stretchable organic field-effect transistors (STOFETs) are an indispensable class of stretchable electronic devices, especially in wearable electronics, implantable electronics and skin like electronics. Therefore, extensive research effort has been devoted to the development of high-performance STOFETs, and remarkable advances in materials, processing techniques and applications have been achieved. Here, the latest studies of core materials for STOFETs are reviewed, mainly focusing on electrodes, dielectric layers and semiconductor layers. Then, the recent progress of some approaches for fabricating intrinsic STOFETs is mentioned, including solution methods, printing, and other methods. Detailed descriptions of the various stretchable electronic device applications of STOFETs are provided, along with their electrical/mechanical properties and examples of device applications. To conclude, a brief future outlook is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generally, doping refers to mixing a dopant as the guest into a material as the host, so as to better realize and optimize the performance and function of the host with the assistance of the dopant. Doping was first proposed with the application of inorganic semiconductor materials and optoelectronic devices to modify their electrical conductivity. With the development of organic semiconductors, doping has gradually been adopted in the field of organic optoelectronic devices to improve their performance. As an effective optimization method, doping has been used in the fabrication of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) in recent years. Recent studies have found that doping as a rejuvenation means, can improve the processability, electrical properties, and functionalities of organic semiconductors and their OFETs. In this review, we report the recent progress in the doping of organic semiconductors for OFETs, including the doping mechanism (Part II), dopant factors affecting the doping effect (Part III), doping sites (Part IV), and other development directions of doping (Part V). Nowadays, research on doping is still in development, and the doping mechanism is still unclear. The dopants, doping methods, and doping effects need to be studied more widely and deeply. We believe that doping will become one of the important aids for the practical application of the next generation of organic optoelectronic materials and optoelectronic products in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backpacks are commonly worn by many people for multiple purposes. This study investigated the effects of habitual wearing of backpacks on lower limb kinematics and kinetics. Fourteen participants were recruited for analysis. All participants performed four randomly assigned scenarios, including running and walking at speeds of 3.5 and 1.5 m/s, respectively, with and without load carriage. The motion analysis system and force plate were used to investigate the lower limb kinematics and kinetics. A paired sample t-test was performed for statistical measurement with a significance level of α =.05. The results indicated that active force, breaking force, impact peak, loading rate, active peak, maximum braking, hip flexion, and hip range of motion were substantially higher under load carriage conditions than under walking condition, however, time to peak was lower. Conversely, during load carriage running, active force, braking impulse, time to peak, ankle plantarflexion, and ankle range of motion were all higher than those during running. Carrying a backpack weighing 10% of the body weight induced different foot strike patterns at both speeds; during load carriage walking, the hip tended to flex more; whereas, during load carriage running, the ankle tended to flex more. In conclusion, human body seems to adopt different gait strategies during load carriage walking and running. That is, the hip strategy is used during walking, while the ankle strategy is used during running. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

C26H36N4O20Zn2, triclinic, P1‾$P\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 6.9872(4) Å, b = 8.9052(5) Å, c = 8.9052(5) Å, α = 94.441(4)°, β = 93.552(4)°$93.552(4){}^{\circ}$, γ = 90.045(5)°$90.045(5){}^{\circ}$, V = 1651.61(16) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt${R}_{gt}$(F) = 0.0748, wRref$w{R}_{ref}$(F2) = 0.2021, T = 293 K.

Abstract [Objective] The purpose of this study is to elucidate the adaptive traits of the vegetative organ structure of Orchidaceae to Karst habitats, in order to reveal the survival strategies of different orchid species in response to habitat heterogeneity, and to provide theoretical support and reference for the research, protection, and development of orchid species. [Methods] Investigation was conducted on the structure of leaves, pseudobulbs, and roots of six Orchidaceae species varying in life forms in the Karst region of the Beipan River, Guizhou, China. The paraffin section technique was employed to examine the structure and quantify relevant parameters. Descriptive and variance analysis, correlation analysis, and principal component analysis were employed for data analysis. [Results] (1) There were significant differences in structural characteristics among different orchid species. Cymbidium qiubeiense, Cymbidium cyperifolium , Cymbidium lancifolium , and Pholidota leveilleana had isofacial leaves with thin leaves. The leaves of Coelogyne flaccida and Bulbophyllum andersonii were heterofacial and thicker with palisade tissue and spongy tissue differentiation. (2) Pseudobulbs were mainly composed of epidermis, basic tissue, and vascular bundle. The cells of the basic tissue were small and the density of the vascular bundle was high. The basic tissue cells of the pseudobulbs of epiphytic orchid were larger and the water storage structure was more developed. (3) The root coat and cortex of the ground orchid were thick, the root coat cells were closely arranged, and the cortical cells had many small layers. The rhizome and cortex of epiphyte orchids were thin, and the cortical cells were large. (4) The thickness of the lower epidermis of the leaves was significantly positively correlated with leaf thickness, leaf vascular bundle diameter, leaf flesh thickness, and leaf vein thickness (P

To investigate the non-attendance of patients at orthodontic appointments and to determine related reasons.