Search

A commercially available naphthalene fluorophore serves as a ratiometric indicator for albumin, showcasing its applications in albumin-based supramolecular recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A commercial anti-cancer drug, axitinib, exhibits very stable dual emissions for discrimination of human serum albumin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel ratiometric analytical method based on a quantum dot (QD)-integrated supramolecular sensing system successfully achieves the portable on-site detection of nitroxynil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first fluorescent sensor based on the indicator displacement assay (IDA) for on-site determination of etomidate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intermolecular proton transfer from a flavonol-based probe to the arginine (Arg222) in drug site 1 of human serum albumin triggers an unusual red-shifted ratiometric fluorescence response, which can be applied in the point-to-care diagnosis of hypoalbuminemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hydroxyl substituent in flavonoids can cause the binding site to change from DS1 to DS2 and restore the ESIPT process of flavonoids, thereby leading to a unique dual-emissive response towards human serum albumin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monitoring of cysteine (Cys) is of significant importance for studying Cys-involved biological functions and clinically diagnosing Cys-related diseases. Recently, few fluorescent probes with two different reacting sites were reported to be capable of sensing different concentration ranges of Cys with distinct fluorescence signals, particularly suiting for bioimaging. However, due to relative sophisticated synthesis and moderate selectivity, the applications of these probes were still severely restricted. In this work, we proposed a novel probe design strategy by utilizing two same reacting groups, instead of two different reacting groups, to simplify the synthesis route and minimize the interference from competing species. Same reacting groups in a probe with different steric hindrances could exhibit different reactivities to Cys. This probe showed distinguishable fluorescence peak wavelengths towards low and high concentration ranges of Cys, giving green and blue emissions, respectively. Moreover, this probe was successfully applied for monitoring of Cys concentration in living cells. We believe this work provided a simpler strategy for dual-site fluorescent probes to sense difference concentration ranges of Cys, which may inspire more probe design in future. [Display omitted] • A novel fluorescent probe with dual acrylate sites was designed and synthesized. • The probe enables discrimination of different concentration ranges of cysteine. • Same reacting groups in one probe with different steric hindrances could exhibit different reactivities to cysteine. • This probe was successfully applied for monitoring of cysteine concentration in living cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simultaneous detection of two or more biothiols by using fluorescent methods is in particular importance for biological research and disease diagnosis. Because (1) the variation of one biothiol level under specific cellular metabolism may lead to the change of another biothiol, and (2) several diseases such as Alzheimer's disease associate with joint action from two or more biothiols. In this paper, we provide an overview of the fluorescent probes with multiple channels that have been applied to simultaneous detection of biothiols. The present review highlights the basic characteristics of probes with multi-channel in the respect of design principle, photophysical process, sensing mechanism, sensing performance, and bioapplications. This review aims to offer a comprehensive summary for researchers to inspire new probe design, and also push forward the advancement of simultaneous detection of biothiols based on multi-channel probes. • The fluorescent probes with multiple channels for simultaneous detection of biothiols are reviewed. • The necessity of simultaneous detection of biothiols is introduced. • The design mechanism of fluorescent probes with multiple channels has been discussed and categorized. • The overall sensing performances and bioapplications of probes are summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Febuxostat is a novel nonpurine type of highly selective xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor. A rapid and sensitive ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry method for simultaneous separation and determination of febuxostat and its metabolites in rat serum and urine was developed at various time points after oral administration to the rats. The febuxostat metabolites were predicted by biotransformation software and transformed to a personal compound database to quickly determine the possible metabolites from the MS1 data. The possibility of the MS/MS fragmentation was calculated by the Molecular Structure Correlator software. As a result, five phase I and two phase II metabolites in rat serum, and seven phase I and three phase II metabolites in rat urine were identified, of which four metabolites (M2, M5, M6, M7) have not been reported before. The metabolite toxicities are predicted, and the results are helpful for the design of new xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Closantel is widely used in the management of parasitic infestation in livestock, but is contraindicated in humans due to its high toxic to human retina. Thus, development of a fast and selective method for the detection of closantel residues in animal products is highly needed yet still challenging. In the present study, we report a supramolecular fluorescent sensor for closantel detection through a two-step screening process. The fluorescent sensor can detect closantel with a fast response (<10 s), high sensitivity, and high selectivity. The limit of detection is 0.29 ppm, which is much lower than the maximum residue level set by government. Moreover, the applicability of this sensor has been demonstrated in commercial drugs tablets, injection fluids, and real edible animal products (muscle, kidney, and liver). This work provides the first fluorescence analytical tool for accurate and selective determination of closantel, and may inspire more sensor design for food analysis. [Display omitted] • The first fluorescent detection method for closantel is reported. • This sensor can detect closantel with a fast response, high sensitivity, and high selectivity. • The limit of detection to closantel is 0.29 ppm. • This method enables on-site determination of closantel in real food samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To develop a new internal fixator Ni-Ti shape memory alloy scaphoid arc nail (NT-SAN) for fracture of the scaphoid waist and to test the biomechanical characteristics of NT-SAN so as to provide the biomechanical proofs for clinical application., Methods: According to the acquired measurements and anatomic features of the scaphoid in Chinese population, a special internal fixator--NT-SAN was designed. The biomechanical intensity experiment: The 32 specimens of fractures of the waist of scaphoid were divided randomly into 4 groups (n=8). Reduction and internal fixation were carried out in each specimen, with Kirschner wires (Group A), with Kirschner wires stapling (Group B), with screw (Group C) and with NT-SAN (Group D). Their fixed strength was tested by a hydrolicpressure biomechanical system AG-1. The biomechanical fatigue experiment: The models of 24 waist scaphoid fracture of adult upper limbs specimens were made and randomly divided into 3 groups (n=8). Fracture was fixed with Kirschner wire stapling (Group E), with screw(Group F) and with NT-SAN (Group G). Wrist joint was vertically pressured load of 98 N, palmar flexion and dorsal extension motion was simulated; the range of movement was from palmar flexion 5 degrees to dorsal extension 30 degrees and the frequency was 2,000 cycles. Displace data of fragment were measured at every 500 cycles. Finally, the biomechanical features of NT-SAN were evaluated according to the tested data. NT-SAN was used to treated 1 patient with fracture of the waist of scaphoid, who was typed as IIb according to Herbert classification., Results: The biomechanical tests showed that the traction forces were (15.18+/-3.55), (36.04+/-4.30), (64.88+/-11.62), (65.84+/-12.22) N and (20.28+/-12.09), (75.95+/-47.64), (120.91+/-26.68), (130.21+/-31.55) N when the displacements of the fracture lines distracted in 1 mm/min were 1 mm and 2 mm; showing significant differences between Group D and groups A, B (P < 0.05), and showing no significant difference between Group D and Group C (P < 0.05). The biomechanical fatigue experiment showed that there were significant differences between Group G and groups E, F (P < 0.05) according to the measured results of the displacements of the fracture lines. When wrist joint were circularly moved; showing significant differences between Group G and Group E (P < 0.05) after 500 circular movements, and showing significant differences between Group G and Group F (P < 0.05) after 1,500 circular movements according to the measured results of the "stage-shape" displacements in the fracture position. Incision healed by first intention and the X-ray films showed good NT-SAN fixation 3 months after follow-up., Conclusion: The design of NT-SAN is in accordance with the anatomic features of the scaphoid. The fixed strength can meet the demand of the biomechanics and the range of fatigue strength can meet the demand of bony union.