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Background: The superiority of anatomical liver resection (AR) for localized hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) over nonanatomical liver resection (NR) remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the impact of AR in preventing local and early HCC recurrence. Methods: A total of 280 patients who underwent initial liver resection for solitary HCC ≤5 cm in diameter were categorized into the AR and NR groups and compared using propensity score matching analysis. Results: Between the matched pairs (n = 87 in each group), the incidence rates of local and early (recurrence within 2 years after surgery) recurrences in the AR group were significantly lower than those in the NR group (13.8% vs. 28.7%, p =.025; 20.7% vs. 35.6%, p =.028, respectively). The overall survival in the AR group was better than that in the NR group (median: 13.4 vs. 7.6 years, p =.003). NR was among independent risk factors for early recurrence (odds ratio: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.1–3.6, p =.023) and prognostic factors for local recurrence (hazard ratio: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.4–4.4, p =.003). Conclusion: AR is superior in controlling local and early recurrence postoperatively for solitary HCC ≤5 cm in diameter compared with NR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colocutaneous fistula associated with Crohn's disease after mesh repair for inguinal hernia has not been previously reported in the literature. We report such case in an 83-year-old man following a preperitoneal repair of a left-sided inguinal hernia using Kugel patch. The patient has Crohn's disease in remission status for 4 years. One month after inguinal hernia repair, he presented with fever and left-sided inguinal pain and swelling. Computed tomography revealed abscess formation in the preperitoneal and subcutaneous space of the left-sided inguinal region. Colonoscopy showed local exacerbation of Crohn's disease in the sigmoid colon, and formation of fistula between the sigmoid colon and abdominal wall of the left-sided inguinal region. We performed mesh removal with Hartmann resection following percutaneous abscess drainage. The post-operative course was uneventful, and no sign of recurrence of the hernia was found for 3 years post-operatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The anharmonic vibrational frequencies of FHF- were computed by the vibrational self-consistent-field, configuration-interaction, and second-order perturbation methods with a multiresolution composite potential energy surface generated by the electronic coupled-cluster method with various basis sets. Anharmonic vibrational averaging was performed for the bond length and nuclear magnetic resonance indirect spin-spin coupling constants, where the latter computed by the equation-of-motion coupled-cluster method. The calculations placed the vibrational frequencies at 580 (ν1), 1292 (ν2), 1313 (ν3), 1837 (ν1+ν3), and 1864 cm-1 (ν1+ν2), the zero-point H–F bond length (r0) at 1.1539 Å, the zero-point one-bond spin-spin coupling constant [1J0(HF)] at 124 Hz, and the bond dissociation energy (D0) at 43.3 kcal/mol. They agreed excellently with the corresponding experimental values: ν1=583 cm-1, ν2=1286 cm-1, ν3=1331 cm-1, ν1+ν3=1849 cm-1, ν1+ν2=1858 cm-1, r0=1.1522 Å, 1J0(HF)=124±3 Hz, and D0=44.4±1.6 kcal/mol. The vibrationally averaged bond lengths matched closely the experimental values of five excited vibrational states, furnishing a highly dependable basis for correct band assignments. An adiabatic separation of high- (ν3) and low-frequency (ν1) stretching modes was examined and found to explain semiquantitatively the appearance of a ν1 progression on ν3. Our calculations predicted a value of 186 Hz for experimentally inaccessible 2J0(FF). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Redox active cofactors play a dynamic role inside protein binding active sites because the amino acids responsible for binding participate in electron transfer (ET) reactions. Here, we use femtosecond transient absorption (FsTA) spectroscopy to examine the ultrafast ET between quinacrine (Qc), an antimalarial drug with potential anticancer activity, and riboflavin binding protein (RfBP) with a known K d = 264 nM. Steady-state absorption reveals a ~ 10 nm red-shift in the ground state when QcH3 2+ is titrated with RfBP, and a Stern-Volmer analysis shows ~84% quenching and a blue-shift of the QcH3 2+ photoluminescence to form a 1:1 binding ratio of the QcH3 2+-RfBP complex. Upon selective photoexcitation of QcH3 2+ in the QcH3 2+-RfBP complex, we observe charge separation in 7 ps to form ¹[QcH3_red •+-RfBP•+], which persists for 138 ps. The FsTA spectra show the spectroscopic identification of QcH3_red • +, determined from spectroelectrochemical measurements in DMSO. We correlate our results to literature and report lifetimes that are 10-20× slower than the natural riboflavin, Rf-RfBP, complex and are oxygen independent. Driving force (ΔG) calculations, corrected for estimated dielectric constants for protein hydrophobic pockets, and Marcus theory depict a favorable one-electron ET process between QcH3 2+ and nearby redox active tyrosine (Tyr) or tryptophan (Trp) residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A hexylalkoxy dipolar D–A–A molecule [7-(4-N,N-(bis(4-hexyloxyphenyl)amino)phenyl)-2,1,3-(benzothia-diazol-4-yl)methylene]propane-dinitrile, (C6-TPA-BT-CN) has been synthesized and the photophysics studied via femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (FsTA) in toluene and in amorphous and liquid crystalline spherulite thin films. Two spherulite macromolecular crystalline phases (banded, and non-banded) were observed through concentration dependent, solution processing techniques and are birefringent with a negative sign of elongation. A dramatic change in the electronic absorption from blue in amorphous films to green in spherulites was observed, and the molecular orientation was determined through the combined analysis of polarized light microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. FsTA was performed on amorphous films and show complex charge recombination dynamics, and a Stark effect, characterized from the combined TPA+Ṗ and [BT-CN]−Ṗ spectroscopic signatures at 450 nm and 510 nm and identified through spectroelectrochemistry. Radical cation dynamics of TPA+Ṗ was observed selectively at 750 nm with ＞503.3 ps (18%) recombination kinetics resulting in a rather significant yield of free charge carriers in amorphous films and consistent with previous reports on energetically disordered blend films. However, photoexcitation on large, non-banded spherulites areas (＞250 μm) reveal average monoexponential charge recombination lifetimes of 169.2 ps from delocalized states similar to those observed in amorphous films and are 5× longer-lived than previous reports [Chang et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2013, 135, 8790] of a related methyl-DPAT-BT-CN whose amorphous thin films were prepared through vapor deposition. Thus, the correlation between the microstructure of the blend film and the photoinduced radical pair dynamics described here is critical for developing a fundamental understanding of how dipolar states contribute to the charge carrier yield in a disordered energy system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-metallic complexes based on {Ru–Cr}, {Ru–Ru} and {Ru–Ru–Cr} fragments are investigated for their light-harvesting and long-range energy transfer properties. We report the synthesis and characterization of [Ru(tpy)(bpy)(μ-CN)Ru(py)4Cl]2+ and [Ru(tpy)(bpy)(μ-CN)Ru(py)4(μ-NC)Cr(CN)5]. The intercalation of {RuII(py)4} linked by cyanide bridges between {Ru(tpy)(bpy)} and {Cr(CN)5} results in efficient, distant energy transfer followed by emission from the Cr moiety. Characterization of the energy transfer process based on photophysical and ultrafast time-resolved absorption suggests the delocalization of holes in the excited state, providing a pathway for energy transfer between the end moieties. The proposed mechanism opens the door to utilize this family of complexes as an appealing platform for the design of antenna compounds as the properties of the fragments could be tuned independently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of cyanide-bridged bimetallic compounds of the general formula [Ru(L)(bpy)(μ-NC)(M)]2−/−/2+ (L = tpy, 2,2′-6′,2′′-terpyridine, or tpm, tris(1-pyrazolyl)methane, bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, M = RuII(CN)5, OsIII(CN)5, OsII(CN)5, RuII(py)4(CN), py = pyridine) have been synthesized and fully characterized. Most of them present MLCT emission (λ = 690–730 nm, Φ = 10−3–10−4) and their photophysical properties resemble the ones of the respective mononuclear Ru(L)(bpy) species. The exception is when M is OsIII(CN)5, where an intramolecular electron transfer quenching mechanism is proposed. The conditions that should be met for avoiding the reductive or oxidative quenching of the excited state are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The anharmonic vibrational frequencies of FHF- were computed by the vibrational self-consistent-field, configuration-interaction, and second-order perturbation methods with a multiresolution composite potential energy surface generated by the electronic coupled-cluster method with various basis sets. Anharmonic vibrational averaging was performed for the bond length and nuclear magnetic resonance indirect spin-spin coupling constants, where the latter computed by the equation-of-motion coupled-cluster method. The calculations placed the vibrational frequencies at 580 (ν1), 1292 (ν2), 1313 (ν3), 1837 (ν1+ν3), and 1864 cm-1 (ν1+ν2), the zero-point H–F bond length (r0) at 1.1539 Å, the zero-point one-bond spin-spin coupling constant [1J0(HF)] at 124 Hz, and the bond dissociation energy (D0) at 43.3 kcal/mol. They agreed excellently with the corresponding experimental values: ν1=583 cm-1, ν2=1286 cm-1, ν3=1331 cm-1, ν1+ν3=1849 cm-1, ν1+ν2=1858 cm-1, r0=1.1522 Å, 1J0(HF)=124±3 Hz, and D0=44.4±1.6 kcal/mol. The vibrationally averaged bond lengths matched closely the experimental values of five excited vibrational states, furnishing a highly dependable basis for correct band assignments. An adiabatic separation of high- (ν3) and low-frequency (ν1) stretching modes was examined and found to explain semiquantitatively the appearance of a ν1 progression on ν3. Our calculations predicted a value of 186 Hz for experimentally inaccessible 2J0(FF). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the most significant and potentially lethal complication of pancreatectomy. This study evaluated the association between MRI pancreatic T1 mapping and POPF and developed a new, useful, and noninvasive predictor of distal pancreatectomy (DP)., Methods: The study included 39 patients who underwent preoperative MRI T1 mapping using the Modified Look-Locker Inversion Recovery Sequence (MOLLI) followed by DP between January 2018 and July 2024. Patients with (POPF (+), n=15) and those without POPF (POPF (-), n=24) were compared for their characteristics, perioperative outcomes, and parameters derived from MRI. The circular region of interest was positioned on the pancreatic head, ventral side of the portal vein, and transection site to measure the T1 mapping value. The data were analyzed using R1 values (R1=1/T1), and the cut-off values were calculated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve., Results: The R1 value of the pancreatic transection site in the POPF (+) group was significantly higher than that in the POPF (-) group (1.180 vs. 1.066 sec-1; P<0.001). The R1 value of the pancreatic transection site was an independent risk factor for grade B/C POPF (odds ratio, 5.01; P=0.005). To predict POPF, a cutoff R1 value of 1.116 sec-1 at the transection site was obtained by maximizing the Youden index., Conclusions: High R1 values at the pancreatic transection site indicate a higher possibility of developing grade B/C POPF. Preoperative MRI T1 mapping may be valuable for predicting POPF after DP., Competing Interests: Disclosure: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2025 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: The superiority of anatomical liver resection (AR) for localized hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) over nonanatomical liver resection (NR) remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the impact of AR in preventing local and early HCC recurrence., Methods: A total of 280 patients who underwent initial liver resection for solitary HCC ≤5 cm in diameter were categorized into the AR and NR groups and compared using propensity score matching analysis., Results: Between the matched pairs (n = 87 in each group), the incidence rates of local and early (recurrence within 2 years after surgery) recurrences in the AR group were significantly lower than those in the NR group (13.8% vs. 28.7%, p = .025; 20.7% vs. 35.6%, p = .028, respectively). The overall survival in the AR group was better than that in the NR group (median: 13.4 vs. 7.6 years, p = .003). NR was among independent risk factors for early recurrence (odds ratio: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.1-3.6, p = .023) and prognostic factors for local recurrence (hazard ratio: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.4-4.4, p = .003)., Conclusion: AR is superior in controlling local and early recurrence postoperatively for solitary HCC ≤5 cm in diameter compared with NR., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Sciences published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Society of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery.)

Cholangiocarcinoma has a poor prognosis, and resection is the only curative treatment. Pembrolizumab, a programmed death receptor 1 inhibitor, has proven effective against unresectable or metastatic solid tumors with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or a high tumor mutation burden (TMB-H). In the present case, pembrolizumab treatment was initiated after standard chemotherapy for MSI-H and TMB-H unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Intrahepatic tumor necrosis perforated the abdominal cavity. Emergency surgery was performed, but the patient died 36 days after admission. A pathological autopsy revealed that the intrahepatic tumor had almost completely disappeared.

Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) is a known cancer stem cell marker. However, there are no reported analyses of LGR5 mRNA expression in normal liver and liver cancer tissues. Here, we evaluated LGR5 expression by RNAscope, a newly developed RNA in situ hybridization technique, using a tissue microarray consisting of 25 samples of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) selected from the medical archives at our hospital. LGR5 expression levels were divided into high and low expression groups by the five-grade scoring system, and clinicopathological features were analyzed. Low LGR5 expression was identified in some normal hepatocytes and bile duct cells. In addition, LGR5 expression was identified in all bile duct cancer samples except one case. Well-differentiated to moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma tended to show higher LGR5 expression than poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma (P = 0.0561), and the large duct type showed significantly higher LGR5 expression levels than the small duct type (P = 0.0225). Patients in the high LGR5 expression group tended to have good overall survival (OS) (P = 0.0623). The Cox proportional hazard regression model revealed that the high LGR5 expression group showed independently better OS for ICC (P = 0.0285). High LGR5 expression is possibly a good prognosis factor in ICC. However, the detailed mechanism of LGR5 in this disease remains unclear, and further analysis is warranted., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)

Background: Malignant lymphoma is a rare form of gallbladder malignancy. Most of these malignancies are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas or mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type lymphomas; however, Burkitt's lymphoma of the gallbladder is extremely rare, and only two previous reports are available in the literature. Herein, we report a rare case of Burkitt's lymphoma of the gallbladder mimicking gallbladder adenocarcinoma., Case Summary: An 83-year-old man with no abdominal complaints was found to have a gallbladder tumor and periportal lymph node enlargement on computed tomography (CT) performed for hypertension screening. His laboratory data revealed slightly elevated serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen and soluble interleukin 2 receptor. Imaging examinations revealed two irregular and contrast-enhanced masses extending into the gallbladder lumen, but these did not infiltrate the serosa. Moreover, a periportal lymph node had enlarged to 30 mm. Based on these findings, we diagnosed the patient as having gallbladder adenocarcinoma with lymph node metastasis, which was treated using bile duct resection with gallbladder bed resection and periportal lymph node dissection. However, the patient was finally diagnosed as having Burkitt's lymphoma. Although the surgical margin was pathologically negative, recurrence was noted at the hepatic radical margin and superior pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes on positron emission tomography/CT soon after discharge. Thus, he was referred to a hematologist and started receiving treatment with reduced-dose cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone., Conclusion: Burkitt's lymphoma can occur in the gallbladder. Biopsy can be useful in cases with findings suggestive of gallbladder malignant lymphoma., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)

BACKGROUND Protein-losing enteropathy as a complication of superior mesenteric artery occlusion is extremely rare and severe, and sometimes requires intestinal resection. However, the ideal treatment strategy has not yet been determined. CASE REPORT A 77-year-old man with underlying hypertension and diabetes was admitted to the Emergency Department with acute abdominal pain after eating. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed complete occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery with thrombosis, and superior mesenteric artery occlusion was diagnosed. It was successfully treated with interventional therapy, followed by continuous intra-arterial prostaglandin E1 infusion and continuous intravenous heparin infusion. However, the patient developed hypoproteinemia and diarrhea about 10 days after the interventional therapy. Colonoscopy and X-ray studies did not reveal any abnormal findings; however, technetium-99m-labeled human serum albumin scintigraphy indicated protein-losing enteropathy. With total parenteral nutrition and protein-rich oral nutrition, with protein intake at twice the amount in a standard diet, serum albumin improved from 15 g/L to 32 g/L after treatment. Additionally, we administered diuretics to avoiding edema related to the hypoproteinemia. The patient recovered from the hypoproteinemia and diarrhea without complications. CONCLUSIONS Protein-losing enteropathy is an extremely rare but critical complication of superior mesenteric artery occlusion. Treating the underlying pathology is the mainstay of protein-losing enteropathy and dietary modifications also play a critical role. Our patient was successfully treated with strict nutritional therapy, combined oral protein-rich nutrition and total parenteral nutrition, which avoided surgery.

We report the synthesis, structure and properties of the cyanide-bridged dinuclear complex ions [Ru(L)(bpy)(μ-NC)M(CN)(5)](2-/-) (L = tpy, 2,2';6',2''-terpyridine, or tpm, tris(1-pyrazolyl)methane, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, M = Fe(II), Fe(III), Cr(III)) and the related monomers [Ru(L)(bpy)X](2+) (X = CN(-) and NCS(-)). All the monomeric compounds are weak MLCT emitters (λ = 650-715 nm, ϕ ≈ 10(-4)). In the Fe(II) and Cr(III) dinuclear systems, the cyanide bridge promotes efficient energy transfer between the Ru-centered MLCT state and a Fe(II)- or Cr(III)-centered d-d state, which results either in a complete quenching of luminescence or in a narrow red emission (λ ≈ 820 nm, ϕ ≈ 10(-3)) respectively. In the case of Fe(III) dinuclear systems, an electron transfer quenching process is also likely to occur.