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INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of wearing a transfemoral prosthesis (FP) on blood pressure regulation in response to postural change. Methods: We enrolled seven persons with a transfemoral amputation who underwent a head-up tilt test while wearing an FP (PROS test) and without wearing an FP (control [CON] test). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate variability, and muscle blood flow using near-infrared spectroscopy were measured continuously. Results: In the CON (no FP) test, SBP decreased fromsupine to standing positions in all participants (P = 0.001). In contrast, in the PROS (wearing an FP) test, SBP increased (P = 0.001) during the postural change. Conclusions: The findings suggest that a transfemoral prosthesis increases peripheral vascular resistance in the lower limbs and stimulates the baroreflex, helping to stabilize the circulatory dynamics upon postural change. Clinical Relevance: Because circulatory dynamics may be hampered in persons with a transfemoral amputation, wearing a prosthesis not only assists in ambulation but can also play a significant role in blood pressure regulation during activities of daily living. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]