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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood type systems are associated with distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) and transient otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) amplitudes, with the hypothesis that blood types affect hearing thresholds. Methods: Seventy participants with normal hearing, aged 18-26 years, with normal tympanometry and otoscopic examination findings, were included in the study. TEOAE and DPOAE tests were conducted on all participants. Results: The Rh factor did not significantly affect the OAE results. It was found that the TEOAE amplitudes of blood type B at 1.4 kHz in the left ear were higher than those of blood types A and AB. The amplitude of AB blood was lower than that of O, A, and B blood types at 2 kHz. Conclusion: Our study results did not indicate a consistent pattern for a specific blood type, in contrast to previous findings. Additional research is required to investigate the potential correlation between hearing function and ABO and Rh blood types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The absence of improvement in survival rates across various cancers, including laryngeal cancer, has led to an increasing interest in understanding the immune response to cancer. In head and neck cancers, immune modulatory mechanisms such as immune microenvironment and immune infiltration are important in cancer pathogenesis. This study aims to explore the distribution of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) subgroups in the immune microenvironment and evaluate their impact on tumor histopathological characteristics and prognosis. The study included 50 patients who underwent laryngectomy for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, in Istanbul University - Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Medicine Department of Otorhinolaryngology, between January 2016 and January 2018. Pathology specimens were evaluated using immunohistochemistry to assess the expressions of the CD3, CD20, CD8, CD4, CD25, and FoxP3 markers, identifying subgroups of TILs. The investigation aimed to uncover how these subgroups influence tumor histopathological features and survival outcomes. The high infiltration of CD3, CD20, and CD4 had a positive impact on disease-specific survival, disease-free survival, and recurrence-free survival. In addition, overall survival was positively affected by high CD3 and CD4 infiltrations. However, no significant relationship was observed between the expressions of CD8, FoxP3, and CD25 and any of the survival parameters. The infiltration of CD3, CD20, and CD4 positive cells indicative of a robust antitumoral immune response—emerged as favorable prognostic factors in laryngeal cancer. These findings suggest that enhancing the infiltration of CD3, CD20, and CD4 lymphocytes could be a therapeutic strategy worth exploring in clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Glottic laryngeal cancers are detected at an early stage at the time of diagnosis. Radiotherapy or transoral laser microsurgery as a local treatment is a choice for early-stage glottic laryngeal cancer. This study aims to investigate the local control rate after radiotherapy or transoral laser microsurgery for early-stage glottic laryngeal cancer with anterior commissure involvement. Methods: In total, 119 patients with early-stage (Tis-T1-2) laryngeal cancer were treated in our institution with radiotherapy or transoral laser microsurgery between 2009 and 2021. The median follow-up time was 52 months. Seventy-three patients underwent transoral laser microsurgery. Forty-six patients received radiotherapy, and there were 41 patients with anterior commissure involvement. Results: The 2 and 5 years overall survival rates were 92% and 73%, whereas local failure-free survival rates were 84% and 82% in all groups, respectively. The 2-year overall survival was 88% in the radiotherapy arm and 94% in the transoral laser microsurgery arm, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups for overall survival (P: .062). According to anterior commissure involvement, 29 underwent transoral laser microsurgery, whereas 12 patients received radiotherapy. A total of 9 local failures occurred in the transoral laser microsurgery group, there was no recurrence in the radiotherapy group (P: 0.028). Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups for local failure-free survival and overall survival. However, in the case of the anterior commissure involvement, 9 local failures occurred in the transoral laser microsurgery group, and there was no recurrence in the radiotherapy group. Radiotherapy might be recommended in early-stage glottic laryngeal cancer, especially in patients with anterior commissure involvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Sinonasal inverted papillomas are benign neoplasms of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. They have characteristic features such as a high risk of recurrence and possible malignant transformation. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between sinonasal inverted papilloma and inflammatory blood markers. Patients and Methods: Sixty-five patients who were diagnosed histologically as having sinonasal inverted papilloma and 65 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included in the study. Inflammatory blood markers such as neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR), red cell distribution width (RDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) of the patient and control groups were compared. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the patients and controls for white blood cell, platelet, hemoglobin, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts (P >.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the patients and controls for NLR, PLR, RDW, MPV, and PDW (P >.05). In the logistic regression analysis model, which was created to investigate the effects of inflammatory blood markers in determining the patient group, the increase in the NLR and decrease in the PLR were found to be statistically significant factors (P =.008, P =.039). Conclusion: This is the first study in the literature to investigate the relationship between sinonasal inverted papilloma and inflammatory blood markers, and the results suggest that NLR and PLR may be used to distinguish patients with sinonasal inverted papilloma from controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Septoplasty is one of the most common surgical procedures in rhinology practice. Two major problems encountered after septoplasty are pain and bleeding. Preoperative administration of analgesics before the surgical stimulus, which is the main concept of preemptive analgesia, decreases postoperative pain. Objective The present study was designed to investigate whether preincisional lidocaine infiltration to the subperichondrial area during septoplasty surgery reduced or not postoperative pain and analgesic use. Methods The present prospective, randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind trial was conducted on 64 consecutive patients with nasal septum deviation. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups; the study group received 2% 20mg lidocaine/cc (n=31), and the control group received 6 cc 0.9% NaCl (n=33). A standard questionnaire was given to each patient to mark his or her pain score between 0 and 10 at the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th, and 24th hours. Results The mean and the range of visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of the patients in the study group at the 1st, 3rd, 12th, and 24thx hours were 4.03±3.08 (0-10); 3.42±2.39 (0-8); 2.97±2.22 (0-8); 2.87±2.61 (0-9); and 1.94±2.06 (0-9) respectively. The mean and the range of VAS scores of the patients in the control group at the 1st, 3rd, 12th, and 24th hours were 4.12±2.7 (0-10); 3.45±2.4 (0-10); 2.94±2.7 (0-10); 2.79±2.34 (0-10); and 1.5±1.8 (0-6), respectively. The statistical analysis revealed no significant difference among the groups. Conclusion The preemptive local anesthetic administration to the incision area and under the mucoperichondrial flap before septoplasty does not decrease the level of postoperative pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Hearing instrument manufacturers have developed 3 different frequency lowering technologies, especially to compensate for the perceptual effects of high-frequency hearing loss. We aimed to compare the effects of 3 different frequency lowering methods. Methods: We assigned 132 participants who had bilateral, symmetrical, high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss into groups with hearing aids having frequency compression, frequency transposition, and frequency composition strategies. By hearing measurements, participants' hearing thresholds and speech discrimination/speech in noise scores with and without different frequency lowering technologies were obtained. Results: Hearing aids incorporated with frequency compression, frequency transposition, and frequency composition had significant speech discrimination benefits with similar outcomes (P < .05). Conclusion: Three different frequency lowering technologies had similar outcomes regarding speech discrimination and speech in noise improvements. It is better to use frequency lowering technologies to better speech discrimination/speech in noise scores in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of dietary changes on late phase of allergic reaction in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) by measuring eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP), interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-31 levels. Methods: Sixty participants (40 patients with AR and 20 healthy control subjects) were included in this study. Forty patients with confirmed diagnosis of AR were randomly divided into two groups, all patients were prescribed the same treatment, intranasal azelastine hydrochloride. Patients in group 1 were asked to change their diet from Western to Mediterranean diet by eliminating processed meat, processed sugar, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Blood samples of every subject were driven at the beginning and three months later to study ECP, IL-4 and IL- 31 levels. By using ELISA method IL-4 and IL-31 levels were determined and compared between healthy volunteers and patients. Results: There was a significant difference in terms of ECP levels in group 2. The posttreatment ECP levels were significantly higher than pretreatment levels in group 2 (p=0.025 and p<0.05). There was no significant difference in terms of other parameters. Conclusion: In our study, we showed that the laboratory parameters associated with AR were positively affected by the Mediterranean diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate whether preoperative embolization is a useful procedure to decrease blood loss and neurovascular complications for carotid body tumor (CBT) surgery or not. Methods: Medical records of our tertiary care center from 2012 to 2019 were scanned for patients who underwent surgery for CBT, retrospectively. Age, gender, complaint and head and neck examination findings at the time of presentation, preoperative complete blood count parameters, imaging records (cervical magnetic resonance imaging and carotid artery angiography), Shamblin classification, tumor size, intraoperative findings, and postoperative complications were noted. Results: A total of 26 patients were operated due to CBT between 2012 and 2019 in our clinic; preoperative arterial embolization was performed to 15 (57.7%) patients, and 11 (42.3%) patients were operated without embolization. Youngest patient was 24 years old, while oldest was 69 years and mean age was 44.35 ± 12.73. (embolization group: ages ranging between 24 and 64 with a mean of 41.5 ± 11.02 years; in nonembolization group: ages ranging between 26 and 69 with a mean of 48.1 ± 14.3). Embolization status was not significantly related to cranial nerve injury, vascular injury, overall complications, and hematocrit decrease. Arterial injury is more likely to occur with increasing Shamblin class (r =.39; P =.04). Tumor size is not found to be significantly related to cranial nerve injury, vascular injury, overall complications, and hematocrit decrease, but cranial nerve injury and vascular injury were more likely to occur in large tumors (r =.34; P =.089 and r =.34; P =.087, respectively). Age was significantly and negatively correlated to vascular injury (r = −.51; P =.05). Vascular injury was significantly correlated with gender (male predominance: r = −.64; P =.000). Conclusion: Although preoperative arterial embolization is considered to attenuate the complication risk, we found that there was no significant difference among the patients with or without embolization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the preoperative and postoperative plasma M30 and M65 levels in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and its relationship with the prognostic value, clinical stage, histological differentiation, and lymph node metastasis. Methods: This study was prospectively conducted, which included 29 patients with LSCC (group 1) and 19 healthy individuals (group 2). The venous blood was collected from all patients in the preoperative and first postoperative months. Serum M30 and M65 levels were determined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in serum M30 levels between groups 1 and 2. (Median: 233.94 U/L vs. 95.17 U/L) (p=0.001), whereas no significant difference was found in serum M65 values in groups 1 and 2 (median: 350.67 U/L vs. 309.94 U/L) (p<0.387). Conclusion: The preoperative and postoperative serum M30 and M65 levels in the patients with laryngeal carcinoma were evaluated, which evaluated M30 levels were high not only in advanced-stage tumors but also in early staged tumors. Thus, following the M30 level may be useful for the early diagnosis of laryngeal cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Oncology / Türk Onkoloji Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVES: Cochlear implantation is an increasingly used technique for auditory rehabilitation of pediatric and adult population. Safe implantation is achieved in most cases; however, intraoperative complications and misplacement of the electrode are observed in some. The aim of this presentation was to review the characteristics of patients with extra-cochlear electrode insertion, postoperative diagnostic methods, and considerations in revision surgery. MATERIALS and METHODS: In total, 423 cases of cochlear implantation performed in our clinic between 2012 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed and those of extra-cochlear implantation were evaluated. RESULTS: Extra-cochlear insertion was found in 3 patients. The electrode was placed into the internal acoustic canal in the first case, superior semicircular canal in the second case, and internal carotid artery canal in the third case. Cochlear insertion was achieved in all cases with re-implantation, and no complication was observed. CONCLUSION: This case series highlights that rare, but potentially serious, consequences of misplacement of the electrode in cochlear implantation can be successfully avoided and treated via a multidisciplinary approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: Dix-Hallpike and roll test are two of the positional tests that provide information about posterior, anterior and lateral semicircular canals, especially when applied to patients with suspected benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Video head impulse test (vHIT) is a useful test gives information about vertical and horizontal canals, vestibular nucleus and vestibular nerve in both ears. This study was conducted to assess the relationship between Dix -- Hallpike/Roll Test and vHIT. MATERIALS and METHODS: 76 patients (47 female, 29 male) who was referred with a diagnosis of BPPV to Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty Hospital to Audiology Department and whose age between 21 and 57 has evaluated. All patients were evaluated with Dix-Hallpike/Roll Test and vHIT tests and results were compared. RESULTS: Acording to Dix-Hallpike/Roll test results, it was found posterior canal BPPV in 55, lateral canal 18 patients and anterior canal BPPV in 6 patients. Results will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Sinonasal inverted papillomas are benign neoplasms of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. They have characteristic features such as a high risk of recurrence and possible malignant transformation. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between sinonasal inverted papilloma and inflammatory blood markers., Patients and Methods: Sixty-five patients who were diagnosed histologically as having sinonasal inverted papilloma and 65 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included in the study. Inflammatory blood markers such as neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), red cell distribution width (RDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) of the patient and control groups were compared., Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the patients and controls for white blood cell, platelet, hemoglobin, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts ( P > .05). No statistically significant difference was found between the patients and controls for NLR, PLR, RDW, MPV, and PDW ( P > .05). In the logistic regression analysis model, which was created to investigate the effects of inflammatory blood markers in determining the patient group, the increase in the NLR and decrease in the PLR were found to be statistically significant factors ( P = .008, P = .039)., Conclusion: This is the first study in the literature to investigate the relationship between sinonasal inverted papilloma and inflammatory blood markers, and the results suggest that NLR and PLR may be used to distinguish patients with sinonasal inverted papilloma from controls.

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate whether preoperative embolization is a useful procedure to decrease blood loss and neurovascular complications for carotid body tumor (CBT) surgery or not., Methods: Medical records of our tertiary care center from 2012 to 2019 were scanned for patients who underwent surgery for CBT, retrospectively. Age, gender, complaint and head and neck examination findings at the time of presentation, preoperative complete blood count parameters, imaging records (cervical magnetic resonance imaging and carotid artery angiography), Shamblin classification, tumor size, intraoperative findings, and postoperative complications were noted., Results: A total of 26 patients were operated due to CBT between 2012 and 2019 in our clinic; preoperative arterial embolization was performed to 15 (57.7%) patients, and 11 (42.3%) patients were operated without embolization. Youngest patient was 24 years old, while oldest was 69 years and mean age was 44.35 ± 12.73. (embolization group: ages ranging between 24 and 64 with a mean of 41.5 ± 11.02 years; in nonembolization group: ages ranging between 26 and 69 with a mean of 48.1 ± 14.3). Embolization status was not significantly related to cranial nerve injury, vascular injury, overall complications, and hematocrit decrease. Arterial injury is more likely to occur with increasing Shamblin class ( r = .39; P = .04). Tumor size is not found to be significantly related to cranial nerve injury, vascular injury, overall complications, and hematocrit decrease, but cranial nerve injury and vascular injury were more likely to occur in large tumors ( r = .34; P = .089 and r = .34; P = .087, respectively). Age was significantly and negatively correlated to vascular injury ( r = -.51; P = .05). Vascular injury was significantly correlated with gender (male predominance: r = -.64; P = .000)., Conclusion: Although preoperative arterial embolization is considered to attenuate the complication risk, we found that there was no significant difference among the patients with or without embolization.

Objectives: The study aims to determine the ratio of the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in the tumor microenvironment in squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck and its effect on prognosis using histopathological parameters., Methods: The patients who underwent head and neck surgery with the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck at Cerrahpaşa medical faculty ENT Clinic between January 2010 and November 2013 were included in this study. The age, gender, smoking status, alcohol use, radiologic images, and operation technique were analyzed for all patients. TNM pathologic staging, histologic differentiation grade, desmoplastic stromal reaction, vascular and perineural invasion, and lymph node metastasis were also evaluated. Representative hematoxylin-eosin stained slides from each block were cut and the ratio of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in tumor tissue was examined by an expert to confirm histology., Results: In this study, 114 patients (105 males and 9 females) met inclusion criteria and were included. The mean age was 60.3±9.7 (ranging from 27 to 85 years). TIL and desmoplastic stromal reaction were compared statistically to the extent of primary tumor, vascular and perineural invasion, lymph node metastasis and histological grade of the tumor. While there was no statistically significant difference between TIL and these parameters, there was a statistically significant correlation between desmoplastic stromal reaction and these parameters. Considering five years of patient survival, although TIL had a positive impact on the prognosis of the tumor, there was no statistically significant difference., Conclusion: We suggest that besides TNM pathologic staging and histologic parameters, immune cells reacting to the tumor will be a distinctive factor in determining the prognosis and new treatment methods. We believe that TIL will affect the current cancer treatments by increasing its anti-tumor effects and will give promising results in cancer immunotherapy., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: None declared., (Copyright: © 2020 by The Medical Bulletin of Sisli Etfal Hospital.)

Objectives: To examine the efficacy of an intratympanic steroid injection in tinnitus cases unresponsive to medical treatment., Materials and Methods: The study was carried out at the Ear, Nose, and Throat Department with 107 patients (46 male, 61 female) between the ages of 20 and 77 with a mean of 42.8 years who had idiopathic tinnitus. Patients were randomized by simple randomization to receive intratympanic dexamethasone or isotonic solution. The patients received six intratympanic injections, two per week for three weeks. Tinnitus handicap index (THI) was performed before treatment and at first week, first month, and six months after the completion of the study protocol. The audiometric tests were performed six months after the treatment., Result: In the study group, pretreatment THI and post-treatment first month THI scores and pretreatment THI and post-treatment sixth month THI scores were significantly different whereas the same scores were not significantly different in the control group. The comparison of THI scores between the groups revealed significantly lower scores in the first and sixth months for the study group., Conclusion: The effect of the intratympanic injection of dexamethasone on the efficacy of treatment of tinnitus severity was statistically significant.

Objectives: Cochlear implantation is an increasingly used technique for auditory rehabilitation of pediatric and adult population. Safe implantation is achieved in most cases; however, intraoperative complications and misplacement of the electrode are observed in some. The aim of this presentation was to review the characteristics of patients with extra-cochlear electrode insertion, postoperative diagnostic methods, and considerations in revision surgery., Materials and Methods: In total, 423 cases of cochlear implantation performed in our clinic between 2012 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed and those of extra-cochlear implantation were evaluated., Results: Extra-cochlear insertion was found in 3 patients. The electrode was placed into the internal acoustic canal in the first case, superior semicircular canal in the second case, and internal carotid artery canal in the third case. Cochlear insertion was achieved in all cases with re-implantation, and no complication was observed., Conclusion: This case series highlights that rare, but potentially serious, consequences of misplacement of the electrode in cochlear implantation can be successfully avoided and treated via a multidisciplinary approach.