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Poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]–ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) treatment for ovarian cancer (OC) are ever-changing. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and overall safety of available PARPi as maintenance therapy for BRCA mutation status in patients with newly diagnosed and platinum-sensitive recurrent (PSR) OC patients. Relevant RCTs were systematically retrieved from PubMed and Embase until 31 May 2022. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) based on BRCA mutation status and adverse events (AEs) regardless of mutation were efficacy and safety endpoints. In newly diagnosed BRCAm-OC patients, olaparib (HR: 0.33; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.25, 0.43) and other PARPis [niraparib (HR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.55), rucaparib (HR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.76) and veliparib (HR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.28, 0.69)] had a statistically significant effect on PFS versus placebo. In BRCAm-PSROC patients, Olaparib exhibited significant benefit (HR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.88) for OS compared to other PARPis. In BRCAwt-PSR OC patients, Olaparib showed a favorable OS benefit than other PARPis (HR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.57,1.22). Overall, safety profile of all PARPis was acceptable. All PARPis showed significant benefit, with olaparib showing greater benefit in newly diagnosed and PSR OC women. CRD42021288932 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work studies a class of chemotaxis systems given by$ \begin{align*} \begin{cases} u_t = \Delta u-\nabla\cdot (uf(u)\nabla v)-u-g(u)w+\kappa, \\ v_t = \Delta v-v+g(u)w, \\ w_t = \Delta w-w+v, \end{cases} \end{align*} $under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions in smooth bounded n-dimensional domains, where $ \kappa\geq 0 $, $ f\in C^2([0, \infty)) $ satisfies $ |f(s)|\leq K_f(1+s)^{-\alpha} $ for all $ s\geq 0 $ with some $ K_f>0 $ and $ \alpha\in\mathbb{R} $, and $ g\in C^1([0, \infty)) $ is a nonnegative function satisfying $ g(0) = 0 $ and $ g(s)\leq K_g(1+s^{\beta}) $ for all $ s\geq 1 $ with $ K_g>0 $ and $ \beta\in \mathbb{R} $. Under the assumption that $ \beta<\frac{2}{n} $ $ (n\geq 2) $, it is shown that there exists $ \alpha_0 = \alpha_0(\beta)>0 $ such that if $ \alpha>-\alpha_0 $, then the system has a global classical solution which is uniformly bounded. The case when $ n = 1 $ is also discussed. These improve the known results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dance and music are expressive art forms. Previous behavioural studies have reported that dancers/musicians show a better sensorimotor ability and emotional representation of others. However, the neural mechanism behind this phenomenon is not completely understood. Recently, intensive researches have identified that the insula is highly enrolled in the empathic process. Thus, to expand the knowledge of insular function associated with empathy under the dance/music training background, we mapped the insular network and its associated brain regions in 21 dancers, 20 musicians, and 24 healthy controls using resting-state functional connectivity (FC) analysis. Whole brain voxel-based analysis was performed using seeds from the posterior insula (PI), the ventral anterior insula (vAI), and the dorsal anterior insula (dAI). The training effects of dance and music on insular subnetworks were then evaluated using one-way analysis of variance ANOVA. Increased insular FC with those seeds was found in dancers/musicians, including PI and anterior cingulated cortex (ACC), vAI and middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and middle cingulated cortex (MCC), and dAI and ACC and MTG. In addition, significant associations were found between discrepant insular FC patterns and empathy scores in dancers and musicians. These results indicated that dance/music training might enhance insular subnetwork function, which would facilitate integration of intero/exteroceptive information and result in better affective sensitivity. Those changes might finally facilitate the subjects’ empathic ability.

In this paper, we extend the nontangential maximal function estimates in Lp-norm obtained by C. Kenig, F. Lin and Z. Shen [13] to the nonhomogeneous elliptic operators with rapidly oscillating periodic coefficients. The result relies on a local Lipschitz boundary estimate, which has not been established in [29]. The present argument develops some new techniques to make the Campanato iteration and real methods workable for general elliptic operators. The result is new even for effective operators, as well as general elliptic equations of scalar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Methylation is the main form of RNA modification. N6‐methyladenine (m6A) regulates the splicing and translation of mRNA. Alk B homologue 5 (ALKBH5) participates in the biological regulation of various cancers. However, its role in ovarian carcinogenesis has not been unveiled. In the present study, ALKBH5 showed higher expression in ovarian cancer tissue than in normal ovarian tissue, but lower expression in ovarian cancer cell lines than in normal ovarian cell lines. Interestingly, Toll‐like receptor (TLR4), a molecular functioning in tumour microenvironment (TME), demonstrated the same expression trend. To investigate the effect of abnormal TME on ovarian carcinogenesis, we established an in vitro model in which macrophages and ovarian cancer cells were co‐cultured. In the ovarian cancer cells co‐cultured with M2 macrophages, the expression of ALKBH5 and TLR4 increased. We also verified that TLR4 up‐regulated ALKBH5 expression via activating NF‐κB pathway. Depending on transcriptome sequencing, m6A‐Seq and m6A MeRIP, we found that NANOG served as a target in ALKBH5‐mediated m6A modification. NANOG expression increased after mRNA demethylation, consequently enhancing the aggressiveness of ovarian cancer cells. In conclusion, highly expressed TLR4 activated NF‐κB pathway, up‐regulated ALKBH5 expression and increased m6A level and NANOG expression, all contributing to ovarian carcinogenesis. Our study revealed the role of m6A in ovarian carcinogenesis, providing a clue for inventing new target therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we establish global boundedness and Hölder regularity of the weak solution to the following parabolic p(x,t)‐Laplace equation: ut−diva(x,t,u,∇u)=b(x,t,u,∇u)inQT,u(x,t)=0on∂Ω×(0,T),u(x,0)=u0inΩ,under some proper assumptions on a and b. The Hölder continuity given in the present work extends known results to the equation with a general nondivergence term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endometrial cancer (EC) is a fatal female reproductive tumor. Bioinformatic tools are increasingly developed to screen out molecular targets related to EC. In this study, GSE17025 and GSE40032 were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). "limma" package and Venn diagram tool were used to identify hub genes. FunRich was used for functional analysis. Retrieval of Interacting Genes Database (STRING) was used to analyze protein‐protein interaction (PPI) complex. Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), GEPIA, immunohistochemistry staining, and ROC curve analysis were carried out for validation. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to predict the risk score. Compound muscle action potential (CMap) was used to find potential drugs. GSEA was also done. We retrieved seven oncogenes which were upregulated and hypomethylated and 12 tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) which were downregulated and hypermethylated. The upregulated and hypomethylated genes were strikingly enriched in term "immune response" while the downregulated and hypermethylated genes were mainly focused on term "aromatic compound catabolic process." TCGA and GEPIA were used to screen out EDNRB, CDO1, NDN, PLCD1, ROR2, ESPL1, PRAME, and PTTG1. Among them, ESPL1 and ROR2 were identified by Cox regression analysis and were used to construct prognostic risk model. The result showed that ESPL1 was a negative independent prognostic factor. Cmap identified aminoglutethimide, luteolin, sulfadimethoxine, and maprotiline had correlation with EC. GSEA results showed that "hedgehog signaling pathway" was enriched. This research inferred potential aberrantly methylated DEGs and dysregulated pathways may participate in EC development and firstly reported eight hub genes, including EDNRB, CDO1, NDN, PLCD1, ROR2, ESPL1, PRAME, and PTTG1 that could be used to predict EC prognosis. Aminoglutethimide and luteolin may be used to fight against EC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]