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In language courses, it is important to foster students' systematic thinking and to develop their competence to express, appreciate, criticize and reflect, in particular in such courses as classical Chinese, which aim to develop students' cultural and literature knowledge. Problem posing is a promising strategy to achieve this objective. However, without sufficient supports, students could feel frustrated since problem posing is a challenging task, in particular for young students. In this study, a fill-in concept mapping-based problem-posing approach was proposed to address this problem. A learning system was developed based on the proposed approach and a quasi-experiment was conducted on an eighth-grade classical Chinese course to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach. The experimental results show that the concept mapping-based problem-posing approach improved the students' learning achievement, critical thinking tendency and problem-posing quality. The interview results further show that the students perceived the approach as being effective from the perspectives of "Improving article comprehension," "Improving problem-posing performances," and "Boosting diverse thinking."

Objective: To analyze the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of breast cancer patients in Ruijin Hospital for further clinical management and study. Methods Non-metastatic breast cancer patients with surgical treatment in our hospital were included from January 2009 to December 2018. Clinicopathological features of enrolled patients and chan-ging trend of different surgery including breast conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in the period of this study were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis was used to compare 5-year and 10-year disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival(OS) of patients with different treatments. Results This study had 8 210 patients. There were 959 (11.7%) patients with in situ disease and 5 379(71.3%) patients with negative lymph node in 7 549 patients without neoadjuvant therapy. There were 949(12.6%) cases and 2964 (39.3%) cases with breast cancer at stage 0 and stage I, respectively. A total of 2377(29.0%) patients underwent breast conserving surgery with increase from 16.5% in 2009 to 34.8% in 2013. The patients with SLNB were 4149 cases (52.5%) from 0.6% in 2009 to 69.3% in 2018. All patients from 2009 to 2018 achieved complete follow-up with a median follow-up of 46 months: 5-year and 10-year DFS were 87.6% and 80.5%; 5-year and 10-year OS were 94.2% and 90.7%, respectively. There were 3800 patients with surgery followed from year 2009 to 2014 with a median-follow-up of 79 months: 5-year DFS rate and OS rate were 86.9% and 93.1%; 10-year DFS rate and OS rate were 79.1% and 88.4%, respectively. Conclusions Both rates of breast conserving surgery and SLNB in Ruijin Hospital increased in last 10 years. Patients had more than 93% of 5-year OS with modern treatment modality of breast cancer, which could indicate clinical management and research in future.

Dactylogyrus is one of the most common parasitic diseases in fish and causes huge losses to the aquaculture industry. With the advantages of safety, low toxicity and easy degradation, plant‐derived drugs are ideal for the creation of green aquatic ingredients. The use of plant‐derived drugs in aquaculture is limited by their low content and high processing costs, which is a challenge that can be solved by the chemical synthesis of plant‐derived drugs. Eleven new coumarin derivatives were synthesized and assessed for their anthelmintic activity in this study. Among them, the derivative 7‐((1‐tosyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methoxy)‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one (N11) has good anthelmintic activity and its mean anthelmintic efficacy against D. intermedius at a concentration of 10 μM reached 99.84%, which is even better than the anthelmintic activity of the positive control mebendazole. Further studies showed that N11 had concentration values of 3.31 and 1.94 μM for 50% maximal effect (EC50) against D. intermedius at 24 and 48 h, respectively. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy revealed that N11 caused damage to D. intermedius. What is more noteworthy is that a substantial reduction in the ATP content of the parasite was observed following in vitro and in vivo administration of N11. Moreover, it was also found that N11 was able to inhibit the horizontal transmission of D. intermedius. Furthermore, real‐time quantitative PCR analysis was utilized to determine the expression profile of genes associated with anti‐inflammatory cytokines (IL‐10, TGF‐β and IL‐4) in goldfish. In all examined organs, it was observed that the expression of anti‐inflammatory cytokines increased subsequent to treatment with N11, according to the results. Thus, these results all suggest that N11 possesses good anthelmintic activity and is a potentially effective agent for the control of D. intermedius. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the clinical effectiveness of xingnao kaiqiao (regaining consciousness and opening orifice) acupuncture therapy for patients with acute ischemic stroke, and establish a prediction model for prognosis for the target population through Logistic regression analysis. Ninety-six patients with acute ischemic stroke were randomly assigned to either an ozone therapy group or an ozone therapy plus xingnao kaiqiao acupuncture group (OA group) with a 1:1 ratio. The patients in the ozone group was treated with ozone therapy, and those in the OA group were treated with acupuncture at Nèiguān (内关PC6), Shuĭgōu (水沟GV26), Sānyīnjiāo (三阴交SP6), lower Jíquán (下极泉Extra, lower HT1), Wĕizhōng (委中BL40) and Chĭzé (尺泽LU5) on the basis of the treatment as the ozone therapy group. The treatment was given once daily for 7 days as a session and 3 consecutive sessions were required. Before treatment and 48 h after treatment, the serological indicators (interleukin-6 [IL-6], tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α] and hypersensitive C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]) were tested. Using the National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) score, the neurological and cognitive functions of patients were assessed. The clinical efficacy was evaluated with the modified Rankin scale, and the incidence of adverse effects was analyzed statistically in two groups. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis was adopted to detect the risk factors of the prognosis in patients and the nomographic prediction model was established. (1) clinical therapeutic effect: after treatment, the levels of IL-6, TNF-α and Hs-CRP in the OA group were significantly lower than that in the ozone group (all P < 0.05). After treatment, compared with the ozone therapy group, NIHSS score was lower and the scores of BI and MoCA were significantly higher in the OA group (all P < 0.05). The total effective rate of the OA group was 91.67%, higher than that of the ozone therapy group (62.50%, P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse effects in the OA group was lower when compared with that in the ozone group (P < 0.05); (2) establishment of prediction model for prognosis: age, history of diabetes, cardiogenic cerebral embolism, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), white blood cell (WBC) and treatment methods were independent risk factors of the unfavorable prognosis for the patients with acute stroke. The established model had sound accuracy for prediction of prognosis. Xingnao kaiqiao acupuncture was effective on acute ischemic stroke, and the prognosis of this therapy was increased significantly when combined with the ozone therapy. The preventive measures should be set up for patients with risk factors, e.g. advanced age, diabetes, cardiogenic cerebral embolism, low HDL-C and abnormal WBC, in order to further reduce the risk of unfavorable prognosis in patients with acute stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shift-frequency jamming is an effective jamming to the Linear Frequency Modulation (LFM) radar. However, the feature of carrier frequency offset of the traditional shift-frequency jamming may be used to identify the jamming signal. So a new method is proposed to hide or subtract the feature of the traditional shift-frequency jamming in this paper. For the purpose of hiding or subtracting the carrier frequency offset, the pulse width of jamming signal will be truncated with a proper magnitude. Furthermore, the new method can also disturb original conversion relationship between carrier frequency offset and the frequency shifting of the jamming signal to reduce the ability of identifying false target. Compared with the traditional shift-frequency jamming, the new method has pulse width mismatch between the jamming signal and the echo. But the loss of the mismatch is acceptable. The new method is testified with the theory analysis and simulation results.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a platelet-rich plasma concentrate obtained from whole blood, has been widely used to treat wounds due to its high contents of growth factors that can not only play a role in the hemostasis, repair, and anti-infection of wounds but also promote cell proliferation, maturation, and angiogenesis. However, after PRP activation, its clinical effect was limited because of burst and uncontrolled release of growth factors and poor mechanical properties of PRP gels. In recent years, increasing attention has been moved to the loading and sustained release of growth factors in PRP by polymeric carriers. Hydrogels, as an interesting carrier, enable controlled delivery of growth factors by structural designs. Moreover, using hydrogels to encapsulate PRP is favorable to controlling the mechanical properties and water maintenance of PRP gels, which can provide a stable and moist wound repair environment to promote coordinated operations of skin tissue cells and cytokines as well as wound healing. In this review, the state of the art of hydrogels that have been used to load PRP for wound treatments is introduced, and further prospects in the research area are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The widespread use of 1,2,3-triazole compounds in drugs has resulted in a great interest in the efficient synthesis of N2-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles via post triazole functionalization methods. At present, there are many methods for the synthesis of N1-substituted 1,2,3-triazole compounds, but the development of convenient methods for the N2-selective functionalization of 1,2,3-triazoles remains challenging. In general, the greater stability of the N1 tautomer makes the N2 position a non-preferable reactive site, which has limited the application of 1,2,3-triazoles. In this review, we summarized advances in the direct N2-selective functionalization of 1,2,3-triazoles since 2008. 1 Introduction 2 N2-Alkylation 3 N2-Allylation 4 N2-Propargylation 5 N2-Alkenylation 6 N2-Alkynylation 7 N2-Arylation 8 Conclusions and Outlook [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Early enteral nutrition (EN) after abdominal surgery can improve the prognosis of patients. However, the high feeding intolerance (FI) rate is the primary factor impeding postoperative EN. Methods: Sixty-seven patients who underwent radical subtotal or total gastrectomy for gastric cancer (GC) were randomly allocated to the preoperative oral nutritional supplement group (ONS group) or dietary advice alone (DA group). Both groups were fed via nasojejunal tubes (NJs) from the first day after surgery to the fifth day. The primary endpoint is the FI rate. Results: Of the patients, 66 completed the trial (31 in the ONS group, 35 in the DA group). The FI rate in the ONS group was lower than that in the DA group (25.8% vs. 31.4%, p = 0.249). The postoperative five-day 50% energy compliance rate in the ONS group was higher than that in the DA group (54.8% vs. 48.6%, p = 0.465). The main gastrointestinal intolerance symptoms were distension (ONS vs. DA: 45.2% vs. 62.9, p = 0.150) and abdominal pain (ONS vs. DA: 29.0% vs. 45.7%, p = 0.226). Postoperative nausea/vomiting rate and heartburn/reflux rate were similar between the two groups. We noted no difference in perioperative serum indices, short-term prognosis or postoperative complication rates between the two groups. Conclusions: The study shows that short-term preoperative ONS cannot significantly improve FI and the energy compliance rate in the early stage after radical gastrectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]