14 results on '"de Haro, S."'
Search Results
2. Impact of unconfined sulphur-mine waste on a semi-arid environment (Almería, SE Spain)
- Author
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González, V., García, I., del Moral, F., de Haro, S., Sánchez, J.A., and Simón, M.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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3. Use of liming in the remediation of soils polluted by sulphide oxidation: A leaching-column study
- Author
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Simón, M., Diez, M., González, V., García, I., Martín, F., and de Haro, S.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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4. Lampides Boeticus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) Preys on Cocoons of its Own Specific Parasitoid Cotesia Specularis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
- Author
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Obregón, R., de Haro, S., Jordano, D., and Haeger, J. Fernández
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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5. Estimating conjectural variations for electricity market models
- Author
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López de Haro, S., Sánchez Martín, P., de la Hoz Ardiz, J.E., and Fernández Caro, J.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
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6. Nbeal2 interacts with Dock7, Sec16a, and Vac14.
- Author
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Mayer L, Jasztal M, Pardo M, Aguera de Haro S, Collins J, Bariana TK, Smethurst PA, Grassi L, Petersen R, Nurden P, Favier R, Yu L, Meacham S, Astle WJ, Choudhary J, Yue WW, Ouwehand WH, and Guerrero JA
- Subjects
- Animals, Blood Platelets cytology, Blood Proteins genetics, GTPase-Activating Proteins genetics, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors genetics, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors metabolism, HEK293 Cells, Humans, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins genetics, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins metabolism, Megakaryocytes cytology, Membrane Proteins genetics, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Mutation, Protein Binding, Vesicular Transport Proteins genetics, Blood Platelets metabolism, Blood Proteins metabolism, GTPase-Activating Proteins metabolism, Megakaryocytes metabolism, Membrane Proteins metabolism, Vesicular Transport Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Mutations in NBEAL2 , the gene encoding the scaffolding protein Nbeal2, are causal of gray platelet syndrome (GPS), a rare recessive bleeding disorder characterized by platelets lacking α-granules and progressive marrow fibrosis. We present here the interactome of Nbeal2 with additional validation by reverse immunoprecipitation of Dock7, Sec16a, and Vac14 as interactors of Nbeal2. We show that GPS-causing mutations in its BEACH domain have profound and possible effects on the interaction with Dock7 and Vac14, respectively. Proximity ligation assays show that these 2 proteins are physically proximal to Nbeal2 in human megakaryocytes. In addition, we demonstrate that Nbeal2 is primarily localized in the cytoplasm and Dock7 on the membrane of or in α-granules. Interestingly, platelets from GPS cases and Nbeal2
-/- mice are almost devoid of Dock7, resulting in a profound dysregulation of its signaling pathway, leading to defective actin polymerization, platelet activation, and shape change. This study shows for the first time proteins interacting with Nbeal2 and points to the dysregulation of the canonical signaling pathway of Dock7 as a possible cause of the aberrant formation of platelets in GPS cases and Nbeal2- deficient mice., (© 2018 by The American Society of Hematology.)- Published
- 2018
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7. Interpreting theories without a spacetime.
- Author
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De Haro S and de Regt HW
- Abstract
In this paper we have two aims: first, to draw attention to the close connexion between interpretation and scientific understanding; second, to give a detailed account of how theories without a spacetime can be interpreted, and so of how they can be understood. In order to do so, we of course need an account of what is meant by a theory 'without a spacetime': which we also provide in this paper. We describe three tools, used by physicists, aimed at constructing interpretations which are adequate for the goal of understanding. We analyse examples from high-energy physics illustrating how physicists use these tools to construct interpretations and thereby attain understanding. The examples are: the 't Hooft approximation of gauge theories, random matrix models, causal sets, loop quantum gravity, and group field theory.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Transvenous pacing in children weighing less than 10 kilograms.
- Author
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Robledo-Nolasco R, Ortiz-Avalos M, Rodriguez-Diez G, Jimenez-Carrillo C, Ramírez-Machuca J, De Haro S, and Castro-Villacorta H
- Subjects
- Body Weight, Cerebral Veins, Child, Preschool, Feasibility Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Bradycardia prevention & control, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial methods
- Abstract
Pacemakers are used in small children with increasing frequency for the treatment of life-threatening bradyarrhythmias. The epicardial approach is generally preferred in these patients, to avoid the risks of vessel thrombosis. We examined the feasibility and safety of transvenous pacemaker implantation in children weighing <10 kg, via subclavian puncture, using a 4 Fr sheath introduced after a venogram was performed to evaluate the vein diameter. Progressive dilation with 5, 6, and 7 Fr sheaths preceded the insertion and placement of the endocardial lead. A subaponeurotic pocket was created in the abdominal or pectoral regions, depending upon the patient's size. Between 2001 and 2007, we treated 12 patients (median age = 16 months; range 1-32; median weight = 7.9 kg; range 2.3-10.0; 7 males), of whom four weighed <5 kg. Indications for permanent pacing included postsurgical complete atrioventricular block (n = 8), sinus node dysfunction (n = 2), congenital atrioventricular block (n = 1), and long QT syndrome (n = 1). Single-chamber pacemakers were implanted in 10, and dual-chamber pacemakers in two patients. The patients were evaluated at 48 hours, 10 days, and at 3 and 6 months. The mean follow-up was 31.8 +/- 23.5 months. There were no procedural complications. Lead dislodgment occurred in one patient and required replacement of the ventricular lead. One patient died from septicemia. Endocardial pacemaker implantation was feasible and safe in children weighing <10 kg. This procedure is less invasive than the standard epicardial approach.
- Published
- 2009
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9. Autophagy in immunity against mycobacterium tuberculosis: a model system to dissect immunological roles of autophagy.
- Author
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Deretic V, Delgado M, Vergne I, Master S, De Haro S, Ponpuak M, and Singh S
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Receptors, Pattern Recognition immunology, Th1 Cells immunology, Th2 Cells immunology, Toll-Like Receptors immunology, Autophagy immunology, Mycobacterium tuberculosis immunology, Tuberculosis immunology
- Abstract
The recognition of autophagy as an immune mechanism has been affirmed in recent years. One of the model systems that has helped in the development of our current understanding of how autophagy and more traditional immunity systems cooperate in defense against intracellular pathogens is macrophage infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. M. tuberculosis is a highly significant human pathogen that latently infects billions of people and causes active disease in millions of patients worldwide. The ability of the tubercle bacillus to persist in human populations rests upon its macrophage parasitism. One of the initial reports on the ability of autophagy to act as a cell-autonomous innate immunity mechanism capable of eliminating intracellular bacteria was on M. tuberculosis. This model system has further contributed to the recognition of multiple connections between conventional immune regulators and autophagy. In this chapter, we will review how these studies have helped to establish the following principles: (1) autophagy functions as an innate defense mechanism against intracellular microbes; (2) autophagy is under the control of pattern recognition receptors (PRR) such as Toll-like receptors (TLR), and it acts as one of the immunological output effectors of PRR and TLR signaling; (3) autophagy is one of the effector functions associated with the immunity-regulated GTPases, which were initially characterized as molecules involved in cell-autonomous defense, but whose mechanism of function was unknown until recently; (4) autophagy is an immune effector of Th1/Th2 T cell response polarization-autophagy is activated by Th1 cytokines (which act in defense against intracellular pathogens) and is inhibited by Th2 cytokines (which make cells accessible to intracellular pathogens). Collectively, the studies employing the M. tuberculosis autophagy model system have contributed to the development of a more comprehensive view of autophagy as an immunological process. This work and related studies by others have led us to propose a model of how autophagy, an ancient innate immunity defense, became integrated over the course of evolution with other immune mechanisms of ever-increasing complexity.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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10. Autophagy and pattern recognition receptors in innate immunity.
- Author
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Delgado M, Singh S, De Haro S, Master S, Ponpuak M, Dinkins C, Ornatowski W, Vergne I, and Deretic V
- Subjects
- Animals, Antigen Presentation immunology, Autophagy genetics, Crohn Disease genetics, Crohn Disease immunology, Cytokines genetics, Cytokines metabolism, Evolution, Molecular, GTP-Binding Proteins genetics, GTP-Binding Proteins metabolism, Humans, Infections immunology, MAP Kinase Signaling System immunology, Mitochondria immunology, Nod Signaling Adaptor Proteins immunology, Th1 Cells immunology, Th1 Cells metabolism, Th2 Cells immunology, Th2 Cells metabolism, Toll-Like Receptors immunology, Autophagy immunology, GTP-Binding Proteins immunology, Immunity, Innate, Nod Signaling Adaptor Proteins metabolism, Toll-Like Receptors metabolism
- Abstract
Autophagy is a physiologically and immunologically controlled intracellular homeostatic pathway that sequesters and degrades cytoplasmic targets including macromolecular aggregates, cellular organelles such as mitochondria, and whole microbes or their products. Recent advances show that autophagy plays a role in innate immunity in several ways: (i) direct elimination of intracellular microbes by digestion in autolysosomes, (ii) delivery of cytosolic microbial products to pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in a process referred to as topological inversion, and (iii) as an anti-microbial effector of Toll-like receptors and other PRR signaling. Autophagy eliminates pathogens in vitro and in vivo but, when aberrant due to mutations, contributes to human inflammatory disorders such as Crohn's disease. In this review, we examine these relationships and propose that autophagy is one of the most ancient innate immune defenses that has possibly evolved at the time of alpha-protobacteria-pre-eukaryote relationships, leading up to modern eukaryotic cell-mitochondrial symbiosis, and that during the metazoan evolution, additional layers of immunological regulation have been superimposed and integrated with this primordial innate immunity mechanism.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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11. Conformally coupled scalars, instantons, and vacuum instability in 4D anti-de Sitter space.
- Author
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de Haro S, Papadimitriou I, and Petkou AC
- Abstract
We show that a scalar field conformally coupled to AdS gravity in four dimensions with a quartic self-interaction can be embedded into M theory. The holographic effective potential is exactly calculated, allowing us to study nonperturbatively the stability of AdS4 in the presence of the conformally coupled scalar. It is shown that there exists a one-parameter family of conformal scalar boundary conditions for which the boundary theory has an unstable vacuum. In this case, the bulk theory has instanton solutions that mediate the decay of the AdS4 space. These results match nicely with the vacuum structure and the existence of instantons in an effective three-dimensional boundary model.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Phosphoinositides in phagolysosome and autophagosome biogenesis.
- Author
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Deretic V, Singh S, Master S, Kyei G, Davis A, Naylor J, de Haro S, Harris J, Delgado M, Roberts E, and Vergne I
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Models, Biological, Mycobacterium tuberculosis physiology, Phagocytosis physiology, Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates immunology, Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates metabolism, Phosphatidylinositols immunology, Autophagy physiology, Phagosomes physiology, Phosphatidylinositols metabolism
- Abstract
Interconversions of phosphoinositides play a pivotal role during phagocytosis and at the subsequent stages of phagosomal maturation into the phagolysosome. Several model systems have been used to study the role of phosphoinositides in phagosomal membrane remodelling. These include phagosomes formed by inanimate objects such as latex beads, or pathogenic bacteria, e.g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The latter category provides naturally occurring tools to dissect membrane trafficking processes governing phagolysosome biogenesis. M. tuberculosis persists in infected macrophages by blocking Rab conversion and affecting Rab effectors. One of the major Rab effectors involved in this process is the type III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase hVPS34. The lipid kinase hVPS34 and its enzymatic product PtdIns3P are critical for the default pathway of phagosomal maturation into phagolysosomes. Mycobacteria block PtdIns3P production and thus arrest phagosomal maturation. PtdIns3P is also critical for the process of autophagy, recently recognized as an effector of innate immunity defenses. Induction of autophagy by pharmacological, physiological, or immunological means, overcomes mycobacterial phagosome maturation block in a PtdIns3P generation dependent manner and eliminates intracellular M. tuberculosis. PtdIns3P and PtdIns3P-dependent processes represent an important cellular nexus where fundamental trafficking processes, disease causing host-pathogen interactions, and innate and adaptive immunity defense mechanisms meet.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Autophagy in immune defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
- Author
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Vergne I, Singh S, Roberts E, Kyei G, Master S, Harris J, de Haro S, Naylor J, Davis A, Delgado M, and Deretic V
- Subjects
- Cytokines physiology, GTP Phosphohydrolases physiology, Humans, Interferon-gamma physiology, Lipids physiology, Macrophages microbiology, Microbial Viability, Models, Biological, Mycobacterium tuberculosis immunology, Phagocytosis physiology, Phagosomes metabolism, Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates biosynthesis, Th2 Cells metabolism, Th2 Cells physiology, Autophagy physiology, Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenicity, Tuberculosis immunology
- Abstract
Autophagy is a newly recognized innate and adaptive immunity defense against intracellular pathogens, in keeping with its role as a cytoplasmic maintenance pathway. Induction of autophagy by physiological, pharmacological or immunological means can eliminate intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis, providing one of the first examples of the immunological role of autophagy. Under normal circumstances, M. Tuberculosis survives in macrophages by inhibiting phagolysosome biogenesis. Induction of autophagy overcomes the mycobacterial phagosome maturation block, and delivers the tubercle bacilli to degradative compartments where they are eliminated.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibition of phagolysosome biogenesis and autophagy as a host defence mechanism.
- Author
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Deretic V, Singh S, Master S, Harris J, Roberts E, Kyei G, Davis A, de Haro S, Naylor J, Lee HH, and Vergne I
- Subjects
- Animals, GTP-Binding Proteins metabolism, Glycosylation, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Interferon-gamma metabolism, Lipid Metabolism physiology, Macrophages immunology, Macrophages microbiology, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases metabolism, Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates metabolism, rab GTP-Binding Proteins metabolism, Autophagy physiology, Mycobacterium tuberculosis physiology, Phagosomes physiology, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary immunology
- Abstract
A marquee feature of the powerful human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis is its macrophage parasitism. The intracellular survival of this microorganism rests upon its ability to arrest phagolysosome biogenesis, avoid direct cidal mechanisms in macrophages, and block efficient antigen processing and presentation. Mycobacteria prevent Rab conversion on their phagosomes and elaborate glycolipid and protein trafficking toxins that interfere with Rab effectors and regulation of specific organellar biogenesis in mammalian cells. One of the major Rab effectors affected in this process is the type III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase hVPS34 and its enzymatic product phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), a regulatory lipid earmarking organellar membranes for specific trafficking events. PI3P is also critical for the process of autophagy, recently recognized as an effector of innate and adaptive immunity. Induction of autophagy by physiological, pharmacological or immunological signals, including the major antituberculosis Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma and its downstream effector p47 GTPase LRG-47, can overcome mycobacterial phagosome maturation block and inhibit intracellular M. tuberculosis survival. This review summarizes the findings centred around the PI3P-nexus where the mycobacterial phagosome maturation block and execution stages of autophagy intersect.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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