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L’économie des sociétés noires africaines a connu un profond bouleversement à partir de l’ère coloniale. Suite à l’essor du commerce occidental sous la dynamique du capitalisme, elles deviendront une fonction particulière de l’économie mondiale. Aussi, les politiques économiques héritées de la colonisation resteront dans cette logique économique qui dénote également une conception de l’identité sociale, car le capitalisme est la fille d’une culture spécifique, le libéralisme. L’échec de ces politiques, manifeste à travers la précarité des sociétés, impose de repenser ce que l’économie pourrait signifier en Afrique noire pour un renouveau des politiques économiques. C’est pourquoi cette réflexion, par une démarche sociohistorique, mobilise le paradigme marxien de l’émancipation du travail pour réaffirmer la dimension fondamentale du soin dans l’économie et suggérer des perspectives pour un renouveau. Parce que l’économie participe à la construction des identités locales, cette approche aboutit à la nécessité d’endogénéiser les outils économiques en Afrique noire, à travers la création de monnaies locales et la diversification des activités pour opérer une transformation durable vers une économie multicentrée, gage de résilience pour les sociétés humaines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Lecturas de Economia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Ciencias Economicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using data from the three waves of the Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada, this study explores the link between health and education among recently arrived immigrants to Canada. The empirical evidence, derived from the application of ordered and bivariate probit regressions (with the use of instruments to address the endogeneity question), suggests that education is positively and significantly related to the self-reported health status of newly arrived immigrants. The probability of reporting excellent, very good, or good health was 37 percent higher for immigrants who had more than high school education than for those with only high school education or less. This study goes one step further to investigate the role of education in changes in health status in the first four years after arrival. In that regard, the study finds that those with post-secondary education were more likely to maintain the state of health reported on entry if it was good, very good, or excellent and more likely to improve it if it was poor or fair. In short, education was found to play a role in both amplifying the healthy immigrant effect and in dampening the attenuation of that effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between economic and political inequality has long concerned social scientists, but research remains limited in scope. Most studies focus on isolated cases, highly restricted subsamples, or subunits within countries. Using data for up to 136 countries between 1981 and 2011, this study analyzes whether and how income inequality affects the distribution of political power for, and respect for the civil liberties of, a society’s rich and poor people. When income inequality is high, do rich people command greater political power and enjoy stronger civil liberties than poor people do? To answer these questions, the study uses both pooled regression analyses and two-stage models with instrumental variables to identify causal effects. The results are decisive: income inequality is inimical to both political and civil equality. These findings hold for developed as well as developing countries and for democratic as well as nondemocratic countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Population Studies is the property of Union for African Population Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Africa Spectrum is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)