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The article presents information on the seventh Annual Association of Adaptation Studies Conference held at the University of York in York. It is noted that the relationship between acts of authoring and the ongoing lives of adapted texts was reflected in the papers presented at the conference. Philosopher Kamilla Elliott presented her paper "12 Fallacies in Contemporary Adaptation Theory, 2012."

Presents information on the third annual conference of the International Association for the History of Transport, Traffic and Mobility held in York, England from October 6 to 9, 2005. Title of the opening address delivered by David Nye; Speakers of the conference including John Walton, Michael Esbester and Michael Sibul; Topics covered by the papers presented at the event including transport and tourism.

The 16th occurrence of this successful workshop series took place in York, UK from 17th to 19th of April in 2013. The venue for the workshop was the medieval King's Manor situated in the centre of historical York. The workshop was sponsored by Ada-Europe, AdaCore and the University of York, and was organised by the programme committee consisting of Mario Aldea Rivas, Alan Burns, Michael González Harbour, José Javier Gutiérrez, Stephen Michell, Brad Moore, Luís Miguel Pinho, Juan Antonio de la Puente, Jorge Real, Jose F. Ruiz, Joyce Tokar, Tullio Vardanega, Andy Wellings and Rod White. In all twenty people attended the event as listed below. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disputes about where the battle of Brunanburh in 937 was fought continue, but in recent years one particular area, Yorkshire, has been proposed by Michael Wood. This article re-examines some of the strategic detail underlying assumptions about York as the goal of the invading forces and the Humber as their place of arrival and departure. It is demonstrated that lines of Castleford's Chronicle suggested by Wood to refer to the Brunanburh campaign refer to Athelstan's expedition of 934. The lack of interest of northern sources in the battle suggests that it was not fought in the north-east. The paper then analyses the evidence proposed to support the identifications of Burghwallis as Brunanburh and Went Hill as We(o)ndun and demonstrates that these identifications are implausible. It is concluded that the "Yorkshire context" of the battle argued for by Wood is not supported by the evidence he deploys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports that the Solid Oxide Electrolysis: Fuels and Feedstocks From Wanter and Air will be held from July 13-15, 2015 in York, England.

The article reviews exhibitions, previews conferences, and publishes announcements related to religion and the arts, including the exhibition "Power and Piety: Spanish Colonial Art at Allentown Art Museum in Allentown, Pennsylvania from August 25, 2017-December 8, 2018, "The Poetics of Faith: Exploring Belief in Modern and Contemporary Poetry" conference to be held in York, England on January 12-18, 2018, and calls for papers on religion and the arts.

The article offers information on the 2nd International Conference on Structural Adhesive Bonding 2013 to be held on July 4-5 in Porto, Portugal, and the Twelfth International Triennial Conference on the Science and Technology of Adhesion and Adhesives to be held on September 4-6, 2013 in York, England.

This paper explores the concept of instrumental/vocal learning when studying the same instrument or voice with more than one concurrent teacher. In this context, teachers may be working as a team, or one or both teachers may not know of the other's contribution to a student's learning. Qualitative data from music students and teachers at the University of York sheds some light on this often hidden learning context. This paper examines students’ reasons for studying with more than one teacher; their views on negotiating teacher demands; teacher–student–teacher dynamics; and assessment of the success of this context for learning. Teachers’ views are considered through discussion of their attitudes to this context, and their evaluation of its effect on their teaching. Findings suggest that although there may be problems for students regarding issues of teacher loyalty and dealing with conflicting advice, there are also many benefits including exposure to a greater range of musical and technical ideas and added pedagogical insight. There are also potential benefits for teachers if they are working as a team. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Information about the topics discussed at the Fifth African Archaeology Research Day (ARRD) held on November 29, 2009 in York, England is presented. Topics include a dynamic research carried out within East Africa's coastal regions. It also discussed the Saharan ethnoarchaeology and the Lalibela within its archaeological landscape.

This paper considers the relationship between tourism development, urban governance and urban public space. It focuses on the way that 'new urban governance' mediates the activities and interests of mobile capital and consumption on the one hand, and the spaces of everyday life on the other which are increasingly subject to 'urban renaissance' strategies and spectacularizations as tourist attractions. By drawing on research undertaken in York, England, the paper illustrates the socio-spatial issues at stake for urban centres that have used tourism and culture as major drivers of economic development. Finally, it challenges the axiomatic status of the local/tourist dualism in various tourism management discourses as being inadequate for understanding how tourism articulates with socio-spatial mobility generally, and how this raises difficult issues in relation to urban citizenship and the governance of urban public space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents findings from the research project 'Inclusive and Sustainable Infrastructure for Tourism and Urban Regeneration' (InSITU). It has been conducted in historic urban areas where the physical environment is in need of regeneration and leisure and tourism can create new uses for redundant or under-used premises, generate jobs and stimulate investment. There is also a risk, however, that development may alienate the very people who are supposed to benefit most from regeneration. InSITU captured the knowledge, views and preferences of those who are likely to be affected, so that workable solutions can be designed and benefits maximised. This was achieved through the innovative application of Geographic Information Systems for Participation (GIS-P) to widen participation in urban design and heritage provision and allows that participation to feed more directly into the policy process. The paper outlines two cases in York. One demonstrates the role local people have in outlining the benefits and drawbacks of a public space, and change that might be made to it (problem definition). The second considers the role of local people in appraising the utility of a proposed cycle/pedestrian route on the site of a former factory (option generation/appraisal). The benefits and limitations of the GIS-P approach are assessed: benefits are inclusion of hard to reach groups in the process, ease and clarity of result dissemination and level of detail captured. Limitations include prioritising conflicting stakeholder concerns, the stage of the policy process at which stakeholders are consulted and the level at which this methodology and subsequent findings are useful (local/regional). Finally, an assessment is made of to whom these findings are useful (to policy makers and/or developers). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes programmable multimedia systems, developed at the University of York, which are used extensively for teaching on a variety of music technology and mainstream engineering courses. Software and hardware systems are described for the physical modelling of acoustic spaces, and for constructing interactive synthesis and signal processing networks. Details are given on how these have been successfully integrated into higher education programmes at York. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The archaeological study of the early medieval economy, and especially the emporia, has traditionally focused on aspects of long-distance exchange. The paper highlights the need for a more regional focus, by assessing the role and impact of the emporia on the surrounding areas, using York and its region as the basis for the study. Coinage, pottery, and stone artefacts are examined through their regional distributions, and implications for trade and exchange (long-distance, regional and local) discussed. The concluding discussion suggests that York, whilst probably the main centre for long-distance trade, may have been only one of a number of trading centres, and that during the later eighth and ninth centuries, regional exchange may have become increasingly important with the rise of potential markets at a number of inland sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Eggshell is a potentially common archaeological resource, but it tends to be ignored. The recent development of ZooMS (zooarchaeology by mass spectrometry) as a rapid and robust system for taxonomic identification of preserved eggshell fragments has facilitated new insights into patterns of egg use in the past. This paper presents a case study of egg use at two sites in Anglo-Scandinavian York (Hungate and Coppergate). The results described below suggest that the relative prevalence of goose eggshell may become a useful indicator of status, consistent with other characteristics of the two sites, and also demonstrate an apparent lack of exploitation of eggs of wild birds in York during the Anglo-Scandinavian period. These results highlight the interpretative potential of eggshell, which can now begin to be more fully explored. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper provides a review of recent work on the analysis of graphs, focussing in depth and comparing work by the Bern and York groups. The paper also offers directions for future investigation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper describes the initial findings of a pilot project between the University of York Library and Springer, which was instigated in order to evaluate the potential of a user-driven purchasing model for Springer e-book collections. Springer granted the University of York Library free access to its 2005-2009 e-book collections for a three-month period. In return, York has analyzed the usage and assessed which collections and copyright years have been used the most. The purchasing model has potential but careful consideration needs to be given to the pricing that would underpin it. At a time when many libraries are finding it difficult to invest in new products such as e-book collections, libraries and publishers need to work together to develop and evaluate flexible purchasing and pricing models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The Work Foundation has worked with the University of York to deliver a development program for its top 60 leaders designed to address some of the specific challenges faced by a modern university. The program is intended to engage senior leaders in strategic dialogue, to enable them to engage with the complex challenges facing the organization and to embed networks to deliver tangible organizational improvements. This paper seeks to examine this issue. Design/methodology/approach - The program builds on three principles. First, it is deeply integrated into the work environment through the use of strategic improvement idea groups (SIIGs); second, it explores and works with cultural issues; and third, it embraces collective development co-designed with participants. Findings - The resultant program has helped York win the ''outstanding contribution to leadership'' award at the 2009 Times Higher Education awards and delivered a host of benefits to individuals and the organization, including a shift in the culture of leadership towards a collegiate community of leaders. Practical implications - The co-creation of the program has meant that it has been owned by the university and the participants and allows the program to live what it teaches. The program embraces the multitude of perspectives that exist in organizations to create more robust, novel and sustainable outcomes. Originality/value - The co-created program brings academic and support staff together to work on common issues, recognizing the ability of participants to engage with complex challenges and emphasizing the value of the collective in resolving them. The formation of SIIGs delivers a return on investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 1399 account roll of the Paternoster Gild of York, missing since the 1880s, has recently been discovered amongst papers donated to the Borthwick Institute, University of York. These accounts, edited at the end of this paper, reveal the names of over 150 gild members from all over the city of York and beyond and allow them to be placed within their social context, showing members and their families receiving bequests in each other's wills, and revealing several of them as members of the later Corpus Christi gild at York. The accounts also demonstrate the extent of the gild's property ownership and give details of preparations and purchases for the elaborate gild feast. The gild was responsible for performances of the Paternoster play, and examination of the accounts allows revision of confused, earlier reports of their contents relating to the plays. It is now clear that two pageants from the play are mentioned in the accounts, supporting Johnstone's suggestion that the play was based on seven pageants, each one reflecting one of the seven petitions of the Lord's Prayer, matched against one of the seven deadly sins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a description of an implementation model for e-learning and organisational change, which is currently being employed at the University of York, UK. Discussion focuses on the need for effective project management and an approach to change management that is flexible and able to vary in pace according to the needs of individual staff, students and departments. The York approach involves a 4-year cycle of pilot projects and evaluation, culminating in a full availability rollout in academic year 2008/9. This work in progress concludes provisionally that successful change management relies on clear strategic ‘top down’ management combined with ‘bottom up’ active involvement in order to successfully implement sustainable change that is pedagogically sound, yet retains a clear focus on the needs of the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Widespread public perceptions of cemeteries can be explored through a study of commemoration behavior. Important elements within this practice include the selection of burial plots, the purchase of memorials, the composition of memorial inscriptions, and visits to the gravesite by the bereaved. Each of these elements allowed both individuals and families to actively engage with the cemetery landscape. Using a case study of the Victorian memorials in York Cemetery, this paper explores how commemoration was used to express both personal relationship and affiliations to social groups. Particular attention is paid to the roles of religious affiliation and childhood death within commemoration behaviour. This study examines whether motivations that have been widely cited as underpinning commemoration within cemeteries may, in fact, be equally representative of practice across all cemeteries. The study's methods identify how commemoration operated in practice, as opposed to the theoretical opportunity cemeteries offered for commemoration. Discussion will consider the co-existing and mutable meanings expressed by commemoration and how the results from York could be used to direct future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two competition designs have provided frameworks for ideas for the establishment of new communities. The projects provided the opportunity for the design team to consider core architecture (urban and architectural space) and its relationship with extended architectures (detailed design and construction). The building designs have been required to meet performance standards considerably in excess of recent UK norms. This paper describes the design approach and demonstrates how research (university and practice based) has contributed to the two submissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the findings of three studies of perspectives on social care outcomes undertaken by the Social Policy Research Unit (SPRU) at the University of York. The findings are related to conceptual and policy issues relevant to the idea of using outcome information in assessing performance. Respondents were managers in social services, academics, and organizations of disabled people, older people and carers. People gave their views on why outcomes were important, and what they perceived as the obstacles to implementing ways of looking at outcomes in routine or regular practice in social care. In principle, attitudes towards the collection and use of outcome information were overwhelmingly positive: results for service users and carers were at the heart of ‘authentic’ ideas of effectiveness, and were potentially of value in improving accountability and informing the decisions and activities of both purchasers and providers. However, a number of obstacles to implementing practical systems were identified including conceptual and technical issues, professional and organizational culture, resource constraints and the emphasis on assessment at the expense of review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article a re-analysis of the 1950 data was undertaken, making use of the 1,363 original survey returns which are still extants in the Seebohm Downtree's Papers. The aim of this re-analysis was to give a more detailed account of the 1950 survey, drawing attention to its short-comings, to re-analyse the surviving returns, and to put the findings in a form in which they can be related to more recent studies. Most importantly, they have re-worked the poverty calculations employing the National Assistance method of assessment used in subsequent enquiries rather than Rowntree's own poverty criterion. His study suffered from a number of shortcomings as a basis from which to draw conclusions about the extent of poverty in post-war Great Britain. The questions which must be raised include the possible unrepresentation of York, the limitation to 'working class' households, the non-response of a proportion of households, the apparent deviation from the sample design, and the inaccuracies in the information recorded.

Presents several summaries of the papers given at the 1990 Annual Conference of the Educational Television Association, held at the University of York. `The Implications of the Broadcasting Bill,' by Colin Shaw; `Resourcing the National Curriculum,' by Michael Scarborough; `Training Educational Producers,' by Paul Welliver.

This article reports on the fifth National Congress of the British Association for the Study and Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect discussing on "Child Maltreatment: Strengthening the Links-Research, Policy and Practice" held in York, England, from 20-23 July, 2003. The central theme for this year's Congress was the need to strengthen the links between research, policy and practice in order to provide effective evidence based interventions for children and their families. In total 600 delegates, including 80 from overseas, attended over the course of the 4 days, and found this theme reflected in the 10 keynote addresses, 10 symposia, 19 workshops and over 200 free papers delivered around 29 sub-themes.

Presents information on papers and workshops at the Royal College of Nursing's annual conference for nurses caring for children and young people in York, England in October 2004. Focus of the workshops; Health issues addressed in the conference.

The article introduces a special section of the issue that is based on a workshop titled "Recovering Landscape as a Cultural Practice," hosted by the Department of Archaeology at the University of York in England on March 4, 2006.

Provides information on two conferences regarding systems theory. Systems Theory and Practice in the Knowledge Age at the University of York in England from July 7 through 10, 2002; International Conference on Systems Thinking Globally Concerned at the University of Vienna and Vienna University of Technology in Austria from November 1 through 4, 2001.

This paper will describe two phases of investigation to characterize conditions that have led to preservation of archaeological remains beneath the historic core of Nantwich. It will discuss the different types of monitoring employed and the relative merits between methodologies for monitoring key indicators, and outline experimental methods for the application of gas monitoring. The Nantwich project is in the middle of a five year programme and therefore interpretations presented here are provisional, and are briefly compared to similar studies from York. The continuation of conditions that have preserved organic remains beneath these two historic centres for over a thousand years are now subject to threat due to various causes from the impact of the modern world, and the conclusions suggest that achieving long-term sustainability of preservation conditions will require a holistic approach from spatial planners, engineers, hydrologists and archaeologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Features a report of the 14th Annual BILETA Conference York on March 27-29, 1999, hosted by the Leeds Cyberlaw Research Unit at the College of Ripon and Saint John in York, England. Emphasis of the conference on crime, criminal justice and the Internet; Social status of conference participants; Participation of post-graduate students; Plenary speakers.

Medieval York was one of the largest and most important cities in England. The close confines of the city, the household and industrial waste, alongside the air and water pollution made this a city known for its pervasive smells, which at the time were considered to be a leading cause of disease. This paper aims to present the environmental context for disease combined with the human osteological record to reconstruct the pathoecology of medieval York. Combining archaeological and historical data, we gain insight into the interplay between medieval culture, disease, health, and the urban environment. It is clear that local authorities were concerned about urban pollution, and historical evidence demonstrates that legal measures were taken to remove or regulate some of the perceived causes of pollution. There is a demonstrable trend towards improving environmental conditions in York between the 11th and mid-16th century. However, it is likely that the extant socio-environmental conditions continued to contribute to morbidity, as evidenced by the prevalence of infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of right dislocation (RD) has long been recognized in English as a primarily vernacular feature available to speakers of all varieties, but concrete sociolinguistic discussion about its frequency of occurrence and which factors constrain its use are rare. Moreover, English has variants which repeat the operator either before or after the dislocated noun phrase (NP) or pronominal particle, e.g. She’s got a very good degree has Julie, which makes it unlike most of the languages with comparable RD forms. These variants are either ignored completely in RD literature or considered on their own. The present analysis aims, therefore, to provide a holistic view of RD strategies. Starting with a classification of the various RD strategies used in the North of England, where this variant is most often reported to be found, this paper will present a quantitative analysis of RD in a corpus of York speech. The analysis will demonstrate that, while RD forms are used by York speakers (young and old, male and female), with respect to overall frequency RD is in fact far more rare than reports make it out to be, and that its social distribution is rather unexpected in some respects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Recent excavations at Driffield Terrace in York (Northern England) revealed an extremely unusual Romano-British cemetery of probably all-male composition, more than half of the individuals decapitated and with high incidence of other peri- and antemortem trauma. This paper presents the results of multi- (carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and strontium) isotopic analyses of bone and dentine collagen (n =68) and tooth enamel (n =18) which were conducted to obtain further information on the identity of these individuals and, more generally, in order to investigate the relationship between burial rite and geographical origin in a Roman provincial capital. The results show that the childhood origins of the “Headless Romans” were significantly more diverse than those of humans from other cemeteries in Roman York, but they demonstrate also that similar, unusual burial rites do not necessarily indicate a common geographical origin. Of particular interest were two individuals whose diet contained a significant proportion of C4 plant (probably millet)-based protein. These are the first such isotope values observed in Britain from any archaeological time-period. Millet was not cultivated in the British Isles in antiquity and the results therefore demonstrate the value of palaeodietary data for assisting in isotopic mobility studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A survey of final-year music students at the University of York for the Investigating Musical Performance research project found that 45% (23 of the 51 students in the year group) regularly gave instrumental or vocal lessons. Semi-structured interviews with 16 students revealed a range of teaching activities including workshop leading, one-to-one lessons and group teaching. This paper examines the attitudes of the nine students engaged in giving instrumental lessons and explores their development as teachers and their understanding of some of the key concepts of teaching and learning. Findings suggest that students learned to teach through increased experience rather than formal training, and although they were enthusiastic, reporting benefits to their own learning and performing, they could have been more pro-active regarding their development as teachers and more resourceful in their approaches towards lesson content and materials, strategies relating to modelling and motivation and the teaching of practice techniques. Increased provision of support and training opportunities could be made by Higher Education institutions, by giving students feedback regarding their effectiveness as teachers, opportunities to discuss their teaching, and enabling learning through mentoring partnerships with more experienced teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the grandiose display of power of Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, Archbishop of York from 1515 to 1530. He was also given the chain of office of Lord Chancellor of England by King Henry VIII. Wolsey built magnificent architectures promoting Italian classicism which include the renovation of the York Palace, the Hampton Court and his own tomb, and was criticized for his lavish practices. When England broke with Rome in 1529, Henry seized Wolsey's buildings and tomb for his own use.

Abstract: Two distinguishable modelling approaches exist for modelling the attitudes of travellers to the unexpected day-to-day variability of travel times. The direct approach sees the extent of travel time variability (TTV) as the variable that travellers react to, whereas the indirect approach claims that TTV effects are fully explained by trip scheduling considerations. Past research has not yet overcome the issue of which of these concepts is preferable, especially for public transport users. In the current paper, factors affecting bus users’ scheduling behaviour and attitudes to TTV are investigated, based on a survey among bus users in the city of York, England. The survey methodology and its Internet-based design are described. The results confirm that the influence of TTV on bus users is best explained indirectly through scheduling considerations. The penalty placed on early arrival to the destination is found similar to the penalty on travel time itself; late arrivals are much more heavily penalised. Since the common treatment of TTV in practice is through models that ignore the effect of lateness and earliness, we also examine how using the simple approach rather than the correct one affects the economic interpretation of TTV; the results reveal a massive bias. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Provides information on two events about systems science. The 46th Annual Meeting and Conference of the International Society for the Systems Sciences, in Shanghai, China from August 2-6, 2002; The 7th United Kingdom Systems Society International Conference, in York, England, from July 7-10, 2002.

This paper examines humeral cross-sectional properties in two different samples of later medieval date: a group of blade-injured males from the sites of Towton, North Yorkshire, and Fishergate in the City of York, England, and a comparative group of nonblade-injured males also from the site of Fishergate in York. CT image slices were taken of the humeral shaft at 20%, 35%, 50%, 65%, and 80% from the distal end to investigate population differences in levels and patterns of mechanical loading. Bilateral asymmetry is investigated and comparisons are made with different populations of varying activity levels. Architectural changes such as humeral torsion are also investigated to determine the relationship between architectural changes and biomechanical efficiency. Results show significant differences in diaphyseal robusticity between the Towton sample and the comparative population, as well as significant differences in diaphyseal shape both between limbs within the Towton sample and between blade-injured samples. Population differences were also identified in the level of bilateral asymmetry, further demonstrating the differences in movement and activity patterns both between and within samples. These variations may relate to distinctive, more strenuous weapon use and differences in strenuous movement patterns in the two groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents three distinct models for the development of acquired anemia: iron-deficiency anemia produced by the inadequate intake and/or absorption of iron, the anemia of chronic disease (ACD) caused by the body's natural iron-withholding defense against microbial invaders, and megaloblastic anemia caused by insufficient intake and/or absorption of vitamin B12 or folic acid. These etiological models are used to interpret the distribution and etiology of anemia among adult individuals interred at the Medieval Gilbertine Priory of St. Andrew, Fishergate, York (n = 147). This bioarchaeological analysis uncovered not only a strong relationship between decreasing status and increasing prevalence of anemia for both men and women, but also identified clear sex-based differences at this site. Within the high-status group, blood and iron loss as a result of rampant parasitism likely produced an environment ripe for the development of iron-deficiency anemia, while the parasitic consumption of vitamin B12 may have caused occasional cases of megaloblastic anemia. As status decreases, the interpretation of anemia becomes more complex, with megaloblastic anemia and ACD emerging as viable, potentially heavy contributors to the anemia experiences of low-status people at St. Andrew's. Apart from status effects, women (especially young women) are disproportionately affected by anemia when compared to men within their own status group and, on average, are also more likely to have experienced anemia than their male peers from other status groups. This suggests that high iron-demand reproductive functions helped to make iron-deficiency anemia a chronic condition in many women's lives irrespective of their status affiliation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents the abstracts of papers presented at the September 1998 meeting of the British Toxicology Society at the University of York in England. `Idiosyncratic drug toxicity,' by B. K. Park; `Genetic polymorphism of drug metabolizing enzymes--relationship to cancer susceptibility,' by A.K. Daly, J. Smart, K. Fairbrother and M.R. Welfare; `Duplication, multiplication and amplification of genes encoding drug metabolising enzymes, implications for drug therapy and toxicity,' by M. Ingelman-Sundberg.

the article announces that the members of the Royal Economic Society (RES) may obtain personal copies of the print-out of society members. It also states that the RES 1993 conference will be held at the University of York in England from April 1 to 16.

The article highlights the quarterly meeting of the Medico-Psychological Association held March 14, 1889 in York, England. A paper on the "Insanity of Children" was read by Dr. Clifford Allbutt, as distinguished from "Idiocy and Mental Weakness." Also read at the event was a paper on the importance of the bath for use in cases of alcoholism, defective excretion and hepatic congestion. A discussion on the present, past and future of lunacy was also held among members and friends. The newly-constructed asylum for the West Riding at Menston in England was also visited by the attendees.

Catharine Cappe and Faith Gray, and a wider group of women to whom they had strong network ties, founded a number of philanthropic enterprises in York, England, in the 1780s. Their activities were largely focused on the provision of sickness benefts to single and married women and the management of schools for girls that had a substantial occupational training element. The social enterprises they formed or operated were long-lasting -- in the case of the York Female Friendly Society (YFFS) operating well into the twentieth century. The article considers the role of parochial networks in creating and sustaining social enterprises in the late Georgian period and the ways in which the women's activities were both shaped by gender, and in turn, shaped gender relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the Eighth International Symposium on Advances in Extraction Techniques (ExTech) and the Ninth International Symposium on Hyphenated Techniques in Chromatography and Hyphenated Analysers (HTC-9) in York, England. ExTech will focus on solvent-free sample preparation that includes methods for rapid and selective enrichment prior to analysis and micro-sample preparation. HTC-9 covers all fundamental aspects, instrumental developments, and applications of various hyphenated chromatographic techniques.

The article presents information on the Marie Curie Fellowships, which is available at the Science and Technology Studies Unit (SATSU), University of York, Great Britain. The fellowships are funded by the European Commission, which appointed SATSU as a training site for the program "New Genetics/New Society? Integrating Science, Society, and Policy?' Fellows will be encouraged to engage in research within the following three fields of study: the social context of human genetics, specifically, the implications of genetics for changing definitions of health, risk, and social exclusion; risk and the politics of nonhuman transgenics and cloning, including regulation, policy, and its implications for identity and species boundary change; and the social shaping of industrial activity and innovation in the new genetics.

This article presents abstracts related to the use of computer in child care presented at the 8th Spring meeting of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of York in York, England during March 29 to April 1, 2004. Within the British National Health Service there is significant under investment in and use of information technology. In addition, hospital consultants have been reluctant to use computers and slow to adopt handheld electronic diaries. Robust interactive technology based on DVD provides an innovative means to provide basic education to areas too impoverished to support even basic educational staff. Converting shipping containers using local technology and skills provides a cheap and highly effective means of basic education. It is not necessary to be able to read to use this technology as the interactive soundtrack is in the users own language.