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This paper proposes the use of simulation modelling to explore the effect of conservation strategies on the preservation of paper collections. Agent-based simulation was chosen as the simulation approach in order to capture the individual characteristics of the collections, their size, and the values of pH and degree of polymerisation (DP) for individual items. This approach enabled the simulation of the chemical degradation of different types of collections during their lifetime and under different preservation scenarios. We conducted a series of computational experiments on three types of collections, acidic, modern, and mixed, to explore the effect of slightly lowering the temperature and relative humidity in the repositories, the deacidification of part of the collection at different rates, and the delay in making the decision to start a deacidification treatment. The results indicated that a small change, lowering the storage conditions from 18°C to 16°C and from 50% to 40% RH, can protect up to 30% of the collection from reaching the critical DP of 300 within a time horizon of 500 years. On the other hand, to obtain similar results through deacidification, 45% of the mixed collection and 70% of the acidic collection should be deacidified within a period of 100 years. The experiments also indicated that better results are obtained when the priorities for deacidification are acidic records with a pH value below 5. This study shows that modelling the heterogeneity of the collections can support preservation management, particularly if the concern is not the preservation of a part of the collection but the collection as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research has been focusing on some connection between the chemical composition of the papers obtained by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and the nature of the fillers, determined by energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectroscopy. The present paper corroborates the FTIR and EDXRF results obtained for some historical papers from books of the XIX-th and XX-th centuries, from private collections. These analytical results allowed a first approximation of technological paper composition and of the age determination of the samples. This analytical method can elaborate some properly methods for paper documents preservation, taking into account the aging and degradation processes of the historical paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ceremony Men: Making Ethnography and the Return of the Strehlow Collection: By Jason M. Gibson. The collection in question in Gibson's study is that assembled by linguist and ethnographer T.G.H. ("Ted") Strehlow, now housed at the purpose-built Strehlow Research Centre in Alice Springs. This brings me to the second innovation that Gibson makes in approaching Strehlow's archive: his decision to focus on the work that Strehlow did with the Anmatyerr. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses in detail the content of the collection The Zygmunt Haupt Papers, 1907–1976, held in Special Collections at Stanford University Libraries. In particular, it describes the Voice of America broadcasts prepared by the writer, as well as his life and writings, and provides a summary of the research conducted on Haupt. It briefly discusses The Zdzisław Ruszkowski Papers, the supplemental collection linked recently to Haupt's archives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of the Institute of Conservation is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Several major themes related to rethinking assessment emerged from a search of the papers published in PRIMUS. Authors explored ways to change the stakes of assessments, often with outcomes-based grading and testing structures. They explored changing the structure of assessments by considering media beyond written exams and by configuring them as group activities. They explored ways to change the focus of their assessments by asking students to synthesize and engage messy applications/projects and by making metacognition part or all of the assessment activities. And they explored issues around assessment as part of a larger system by considering approaches to grading in general, alignment with other course activities, workload, and perceptions and expectations about assessment in mathematics. In this PRIMUS Curated Collection, I discuss these themes and offer some editorial perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines options and procedures for evaluating the physical conditions of Slavic and East Central European publications in libraries. The study concentrates on paper quality, since a large percentage of all materials published in East Central Europe and the countries of the former Soviet Union are at risk since they were printed on acidic paper. The author outlines preservation issues and provides basic instructions for evaluating collections. Such evaluations provide essential information necessary if a library is to develop an organized preservation plan for its collections. The paper outlines a simple program developed at the University of Kansas Libraries to evaluate the degree of risk in collections. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper will examine the process taken to review current collection environment practices and the stakeholder management processes applied to various departments across the British Museum. The paper will provide key details on the parameters and controls considered for temperature, relative humidity, and light in the new guidance document, and consider successes and obstacles encountered throughout the project. Two case studies are included to show how the review has impacted on projects and collection environment since the new guidance has been authorised and brought into use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the role of Alexander J. Rolich (1923–2014), the first Slavic Bibliographer at the University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW-Madison) Libraries. He was appointed as UW-Madison's first Slavic Bibliographer in October 1964 and remained for 37 years until his retirement in 2001. He was instrumental in guiding the development of the libraries' Slavic, East European and Central Asian collections in a period of rapid growth. It was estimated that the University's Slavic and East European collection had increased by ten-fold during his time as Slavic Bibliographer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the obstacles to studying and using displaced radio archives, taking as a case study a collection of historic recordings from Nazi Germany that is held at the Czech Radio archive in Prague. This so-called 'Loot Collection' (Kořistní fond) occupies an awkward position between established categories and is confronted simultaneously by the challenges common to historic sound archives, and those specific to collections which have been displaced from their point of origin. The paper shares some early analysis of the history and content of this collection, and argues for a transnational approach to 'activate' other overlooked archival collections whose history and relevance spreads across contemporary national borders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Web and Internet historians have never been able to consider the sources preserved at CERN because of a 30-year closure law. The WWW collection is of major importance not only because it is located where the Web was born but, more importantly, because it preserves documents produced during the early and little-known stages of its development. Our study has a qualitative approach and is based on in-person discussions, e-mail exchanges, and a focus group we conducted with five main actors responsible for the birth and development of the WWW collection at CERN. Through this method, we co-constructed with them a discourse, which we later analysed through inductive thematic analysis. We extracted six main topics reflecting the principal themes represented in the collection: reasons for creating a specific collection of web-related documents; salient moments in the history of the collection; discussion about its naming; issues about the originality of the documents; and future digitisation projects. This paper may be of interest to web historians and archivists looking for an overview and hidden reasons for the creation of the collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information on the collection of the resources for labor history in the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. The resources gathered are the result of the first attempt to document the rise of industrial democracy in the U.S. The plan of labor historian and economist Richard T. Ely to write a comprehensive history of industrial society was thwarted by scattered and inaccessible source materials. Due to that problem, Ely collected documents on the labor movement even after he joined the University of Wisconsin faculty in 1892.

Literature relating to education sessions in special collections has been prevalent in the field since the early 2000s. Following on from the publication of the ACRL-RBMS-SAA Guidelines for Primary Source Literacy published in the USA in 2018, this paper applies the guidelines to survey and interview responses to explore the key skills gained by undergraduates using special collections and the barriers to skills' acquisition throughout their degree programmes. Contextualizing the results through US and UK literature, this paper argues that special collections literacy can be embedded into interdisciplinary undergraduate curricula which in turn may help special collections advocate for increased resources to broaden their education programmes. It establishes a picture of current special collections education for UK universities including range, methods of delivery and assessment styles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information about the new acquisitions of the Brontë Parsonage Museum. In 2008, the Museum acquired a large collection of documents from the estate of Winifred Gérin. Included in the collection is a large number of manuscripts, her play entitled "My Dear Master," and souvenirs including postcards, photographs, and newspaper cuttings. There are also a large number of letters. The collection has been added to the Library's archives.

In 2018, the University of Birmingham, UK, hosted a weekend of events for the Association for Environmental Archaeology (AEA)'s spring conference 'Pests of Society'. The event was organised in collaboration with Historic England – the publicly-funded 'Arms-Length Body' with statutory responsibility for the historic environment in England. During the course of the one day conference and workshop the following day, multiple aspects were covered of how pests have interacted, and continue to interact, with humans and their day-to-day activities, as well as their presence in the wider landscape. This paper outlines and describes the meeting, introducing the range of topics covered, and summarises the papers that have been published in the resulting special issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, The combination of back-propagation neural network (BPNN) and genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the current collection quality of the pantograph-catenary system. The contact force standard deviation (CFSD) between pantograph and catenary is utilized as the optimization index. The optimization works in this paper are as follows. 1. The equivalent mass, stiffness, and damping of the pantograph. 2. The distance between each dropper and the positioning point. 3. The length of each dropper. 4. The tension of contact wire, messenger wire, and stitch wire. Firstly, a pantograph-catenary coupling simulation model verified by EN 50318: 2018 and the line experiment result is established in this paper. Then, the pantograph-catenary coupling simulations are conducted according to the experiments designed by center composite design (CCD). The BPNN models accurately reflecting the relationship between the optimized input parameters and the output CFSD are established. Subsequently, the minimum CFSD of the BPNN model and the corresponding optimal parameter combinations are searched through GA. Finally, an evaluation method based on the BPNN weight matrix and the Garson equation is used to quantify the relative importance of the input optimized parameters of the established BPNN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the establishment of early colonial museums, concerns around collection storage, funding, and staffing levels have continued to exacerbate 'curation crises'. In 2020, the Museum of Tropical Queensland began to address its own 'curation crisis' by restructuring the First Nations collections in storage and auditing collection knowledge. The project reconfigured embedded colonial structures where objects were stored by 'object type' or 'collector', and instead grouped collections by Country and Traditional Owners. The restructure enabled curators to identify the extent of provenance information missing from the collections and highlighted the need for more in-depth and continuous engagement with First Nations communities to better understand and give voice to the collections in the care of cultural institutions, and to the communities they belong to. This paper intends to challenge the global museological issue of 'paralysis by provenance' and encourage new ways of prioritising collection knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concept class analysis (CoCA) is a method for recovering cultural schemas in texts using a combination of word embedding and community detection models. Like survey-based forms of schematic class analysis (SCA), however, interpreting results can be difficult. Some of these interpretive difficulties are applicable across types of SCA, while others are unique to CoCA. In this paper, we propose a complete workflow for interpreting and analyzing CoCA output. We use the case of social identity schemas in a collection of over 13,000 U.S. political blog posts to outline a number of interpretive and analytical strategies and a robustness check to make sense of the cultural schemas recovered from texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic libraries are entering a new reality for collections and resource sharing due to the increased acquisition of electronic books, or ebooks, during the last decade. The need to interlibrary loan (ILL) ebooks will likely increase based on current purchasing trends, but how well are we prepared for this future? Important advancements are underway, but ILL for ebooks is hampered by restrictive licensing models, resource sharing systems, and current practices. This study provides an environmental scan of the current acquisitions and ILL practices of academic libraries. This paper guides academic libraries through these conversations so that they can support the borrowing and lending of ebooks into the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agents of deterioration (AoD) offer a structured categorization of hazards to collections: they are a basis for risk-informed preservation management. In drawing up the AoD their creators were not ignorant of wider societal issues of concern to conservators, but they envisaged them to be part of a broader institutional activity located beyond the scope of preventive conservation. Within conservation, there have been discussions about additional agents: social, cultural, or political causes of loss. Their continued exclusion from the AoD may mistakenly be interpreted as a lack of consideration of such concerns. There are reasons to limit the scope of an institution's preventive conservation system but not everyone agrees that those reasons are sufficient to justify this limitation. This paper is a discussion and disagreement by two authors. Henderson argues that dissociation should capture any loss of meaning resulting from any aspect of conservation practice, including cleaning, documentation, failure to respect beliefs, etc. She argues that dissociation from context may stop preventive conservators from identifying and respecting optimal traditional sustainable methods and techniques. Waller argues that the threat of losing context information about collection items should be managed as part of the wider cultural heritage institution's role and resolved through its engagement with the community. He acknowledges that preventive conservation can contribute to understanding and mitigating this form of loss, but advocates that primary responsibility must be situated at a higher level than the preventive conservation remit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For many European museums, caring for their collections 'in perpetuity' was implied or stated explicitly in their founding acts. However, as heritage science has developed as a discipline, the reality of eternal lifespans began to be questioned, and work on lighting guidelines led to a target lifespan of 500 years being adopted by many museums. This is often not feasible for the ephemeral materials more frequently found in contemporary artworks, which can break down quickly. Furthermore, for contemporary artworks with relevance to particular social or political circumstances, keeping them into the distant future may not feel essential. These factors, coupled with concerns about the financial and environmental impact of storing and caring for an ever-expanding volume of heritage material, have sparked new conversations about collection lifespans. This paper discusses lifespans for contemporary art, referring to the collection belonging to the National Galleries of Scotland (NGS), and outlining several potential approaches. A nuanced and honest approach is arguably required, which should include exploring the artist's intent, identifying the critical elements of each artwork, and deciding how to manage change, while factoring in stakeholder perspectives and resourcing considerations. Such an approach would involve accepting the reality and inevitability of shorter lifespans for some artworks and could be considered the epitome of environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Actinocyclus ingens Rattray is a useful stratigraphic marker. It has been sub-divided into several 'forms' because of a presumed high degree of morphological variability: it is considered a 'polymorphic species'. The type specimens of Actinocyclus ingens, Coscinodiscus elegans Grev., Cosmiodiscus elegans Grev., and Coscinodiscus perikompsos var. curta Rattray are examined and commentary is made on the meaning of sub-specific categories. For nomenclatural reasons, detailed within, Actinocyclus ingens requires a new name. This paper primarily concerns names. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the discovery of a vast corpus of indigenous legal contracts (‘arraten’) in the Morocco Atlas Mountains. The documents comprise about 400 years of written records. A collection of this magnitude has never before been reported, and such documents have not as of yet been systematically amassed for examination, preservation and study. The amount of documents discovered by us, and remaining in situ, is likely to exceed 5000 items. This is in addition to our own private collection which is in excess of 4000 pieces. We estimate that the entire body of documents written on wood in the Anti-Atlas Mountains is likely to be no less than 100,000 pieces and may very well exceed 500,000. In addition to this, between 40,000 and 150,000 paper documents likely exist. Here we report our preliminary studies of those manuscripts. Our collection is available to anyone and donation to suitable institutions will be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the influence of electrode configuration on corona discharge and particle collection under ambient climatic conditions in Blade-to-Plane Electrostatic Precipitator (BP-ESP). In an experimental-scale electrostatic precipitator (BP-ESP), electrodes of different shapes (blade, saw blade with small tooth, and saw blade with large tooth) were tested. The experiments were performed with three types of dust particles having a mean size of about 5 µm, 10 µm, and 45 µm. An aerosol spectrometer was used to characterize the chemical composition of these dust particles injected into the ESP. Different DC-applied voltages have been taken into account for both positive and negative polarities. Results showed that a high current was generated with a saw blade electrode with large teeth which increased the particle collection efficiency, for both polarities. The negative corona discharge is overall more effective than the positive one for the different configurations of electrodes and dust particles used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of the American Institute for Conservation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper discusses Croatian historic collections acquired by the British Museum Library in the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. The results of previous research into the collection are mentioned and the new findings are presented. The paper considers the growth of the Croatian collection to the present and it describes the current holdings. Special attention is paid to academic publications which are at the core of the historic collections and these collections continue to be an important part of the Croatian contemporary collections. The paper states that the British Library holds over 30,000 Croatian titles and more than 100,000 items in various formats: books, journals, periodical issues, maps, manuscripts, typescripts, microform, and digital objects, as well as electronic journals and other e-collections. It argues that together with other resources in the Library, the British Library is the largest Croatian cultural, scientific, research, and information center in the U.K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Australian Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Material has published a range of resources that promote environmentally aware collection care and management practices including climate-specific Environmental Guidelines, the Sustainable Collections wiki and the Climate Adaptation resource. The Climate Adaptation resource provides access to 180 maps illustrating potential future climate scenarios for Australia in 2030 and 2090, using the two Representative Concentration Pathways RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. These maps were produced as part of research undertaken in 2019–2020 by Pagliarino and Meredith and supplement those published in volume 41 (issue 1) of the AICCM Bulletin. The release of updated climate change projections in the Sixth Assessment Report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) – Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis – precipitated a review of the Climate Adaptation resource to confirm the continued veracity of the maps. This paper provides the results of that assessment, which confirmed the resource's ongoing accuracy and currency. In addition, the paper includes discussion of the new IPCC future climate scenarios of Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, which supersede RCP, and a summary of the state of the climate in Australia with warming, humidity, fire, weather and sea level rise investigated in more detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

State-of-the-art open-domain dialogue systems have made significant progress over the past few years using new model architectures that reliably preserve the context of dialogue and large dataset collection. However, there are no examples of such state-of-the-art open-domain dialogue systems implemented on humanoid robots. Implementing a dialogue system that can naturally interact with humans is a fundamental issue influencing the future of humanoid robots. Therefore, this paper proposes HumanoidBot, a framework for implementing an open-domain chat system on a full-body humanoid robot. Furthermore, an evaluation experiment using a humanoid robot implemented with HumanoidBot verified how balance control affects the dialogue and impression of the robot in humanoid robot dialogue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neither archives nor museums are neutral. They reflect particular sets of priorities: those of the institution; the collectors and curators within them; and those of their intended audiences. In the context of sport, gender is a key influence on these priorities. Yet sporting archives are relatively silent about women's historical involvement in sport. A number of Collaborative Doctoral Partnership projects delivered through Sporting Heritage use oral history as a methodology for academic research and as an intervention in the archive, expanding collections and giving voice to otherwise under-represented groups. In this paper, I focus on issues relating to oral history in heritage settings and in the academic practice of history: the history of the methodology itself and its implications for a shared research agenda, including the extent to which oral history can – and should – be used as a method of historical recovery. In sport heritage and sport history. where men and the masculine have dominated the academic discipline and the practice of collecting, I consider the gendering of oral history, and its implications for such collections. Lastly, I reflect on the critical opportunities offered by this methodological approach, as well as the challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contemporary community archives movement is described as a grassroots social movement that evolved out of social, political and cultural change in the 1960s and 70s in the U.K. What is Australia's community archives story? In this exploratory essay, I set out to identify and examine who is talking about community archives in Australia and what they are (and are not) saying about it. Drawing from evidence obtained from web and literature searches, this paper highlights the complexity around the conversation about community archives in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractAcademic libraries in the UK are playing a more prominent role in the mental health and wellbeing of students. Wellbeing collections have emerged as one way to do this but are under-researched. The aim of this paper is to investigate the development of wellbeing collections at UK institutions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of participants at six different UK universities, each with varying strategic priorities, budgets, and student demographics. Data about each collection was also analyzed. The collections had all been created in the last five years. They varied significantly in the range of content. All were based on extensive collaborations, but student involvement was low. All were actively promoted through multiple channels. A more systematic evaluation of these collections would support greater recognition of wellbeing support by libraries, but this is inhibited by limited resources and a lack of clarity of definition of wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discussions surrounding digital libraries and their metadata have become less robust than before, given that creating and hosting digital collections have become the norm for most cultural heritage institutions over the last 20 years. Consequently, there are fewer discussions of how the characteristics of digital collections and their metadata have changed over time. This article showcases the evolution of digital collections and their metadata at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) Library in the last 20 years. It discusses the growth of its collections and their characteristics, examines historical changes in the use of metadata elements, and explores responses to the changing nature of digitized and born-digital materials. Based on a large-scale data analysis of the digital collections and their metadata housed in UIUC Digital Library, the paper also examines the challenges and opportunities of the curation and management of digital collections and digital libraries in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subject and object loom as important concepts organizing Jack Amariglio's life. His intellectual work has been spent unsettling, theorizing, and exploring subjectivity in antiessentialist ways. This essay touches on some of those theoretical contributions and on objects of craft and labor of which he has encyclopedic knowledge and a set of impressive collections. The essay thus comprises two threads on subject and two threads on object, each thread organized around an artifact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The discovery of the sea route around the Cape by Vasco da Gama in 1498 opened the maritime trade between Europe, East Africa and India. At this time, Mozambique Island played a significant role mediating this maritime network. As a result, an impressive amount of underwater cultural heritage was created, but it was heavily impacted over the last decade by commercial salvage activities. In the aftermath of the impacts from treasure hunting, this paper presents an on-going (re-)interpretation and assessment of indicative archaeological artefacts recovered from the Nossa Senhora da Consolação wreck (1608). The on-going (re-)interpretation is based on comparative analysis with artefact assemblages recovered in other contemporary shipwrecks and terrestrial sites around the world. Results suggest that Nossa Senhora da Consolação was a ship integrated in global trading networks, which met its fate at Mozambique Island due to commercial competition and access to the strategic coastal position between the Portuguese and the Dutch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We show that any n-absorbing ideal must be strongly n-absorbing, which is the first of Anderson and Badawi's three interconnected conjectures on absorbing ideals. We prove this by introducing and studying objects called maximal and semimaximal collections, which are tools for analyzing the multiplicative ideal structure of commutative rings. Furthermore, we discuss and make heavy use of previous work on absorbing ideals done by Anderson and Badawi, Choi and Walker, Laradji, and Donadze, among others. At the end of this paper, we pose three conjectures, each of which implies the last unsolved conjecture made by Anderson and Badawi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let R be an associative ring. Then R is said to be coverable provided R is the union of its proper subrings (which we do not require to be unital even if R is so). One verifies easily that R is coverable if and only if R is not generated as a ring by a single element. In case R can be expressed as the union of a finite number of proper subrings, the least such number is called the covering number of R. Covering numbers of rings have been studied in a series of recent papers. The purpose of this note is to study rings which can be covered by a countable collection of subrings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As libraries and communities consider institutional values and ethical standards, there is a need to scrutinize how those values and standards connect with collections decisions. An existing body of literature about the contents of the collections exists, with respect to issues like decolonization and open access, but little about the business relationships libraries maintain in order to acquire these collections. In this paper, librarians from Purdue University take a critical approach to identifying the values of their institution at multiple levels, including a newly released Libraries strategic plan, to create a values-based evaluation tool for future collection assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficient collection of post-consumer carpet is an important part of the carpet recycling process that helps to reduce the cost of recycled materials as well as provide sufficient volumes of carpet for recycling facilities. This paper focuses on the design of a collection network for carpet in the U.S. The location set covering optimization model formulated in the paper allows locating the minimum number of collection centers throughout the U.S. to reach a specific level of population coverage and as a result, a target collection rate. To solve real-scale instances of the problem, a novel randomized greedy heuristic is developed. The heuristic is shown to perform better than existing greedy heuristics in the literature. In addition, the paper presents the resulting nationwide carpet collection networks for different levels of population coverage. The results of the study can be used for U.S. carpet recycling policy-making decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This special issue contributes to an emerging literature on the materialities of colonial government by considering the changing relations between practices of data collecting, styles of anthropological knowing and modes of governing which target the conduct of colonial and metropolitan populations. Drawing on comparative studies from Australia; the Australian administered territory of Papua; France; French Indo-China; New Zealand; North America and the UK; the papers consider the implications of different forms of knowledge associated with practices of collecting—anthropology, archaeology, folklore studies, demography—in apparatuses of rule in various late nineteenth and early twentieth-century contexts. This introduction outlines the rationale for the volume and elaborates the concept of “anthropological assemblage” which helps focus the authors' explorations of the socio-technical agencements which connected museum, field, metropolis and colony during this period. In doing so, it points towards a series of broader themes—the relationship between pastoral power and ethnographic expertise; the Antipodean career of the Americanist culture concept; and the role of colonial centres of calculation in the circulation of knowledge, practices of collecting and regimes of governing—which suggest productive future lines of inquiry for “practical histories” of anthropology. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

As a selective depository library in Tennessee for decades, the Paul Meek Library has received and housed publications of the Government Printing Office (GPO) in a variety of formats as part of the library's collection. Over the years, lack of consistent oversight and lack of staff have led to deficiencies in the development and maintenance of the government documents collection. The purpose of this paper is to share the library's experience with using the Cataloging Record Distribution Program (CRDP) to provide a sustainable and accessible collection. The paper describes how the library collaborated with GPO and MARCIVE, Inc. to implement the project and transform part of the collection to online resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to make a human rights argument for the accessibility of eBooks in public libraries. Improvements to technology open new opportunities for print-disabled readers among others, and eBooks have become an incredible opportunity for these populations to exercise their human right to information, education, and culture. This paper examines the relationship between public libraries and publishing companies concerning eBooks over the last decade and looks to show a comparison of how the current changes to lending policies made by various publishing companies further affect the ability of public libraries to provide eBooks to their patrons. The responses to these changes by the ALA, library groups, librarians and the public is also compiled as part of this important subject. The purpose of this paper is to give a clear and broad view of how limiting the accessibility of eBooks in public libraries is hindering the human rights of patrons who depend upon that access. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Warwick Shaffron, held in the collections of the Royal Armouries (VI.446) is the earliest extant example of a European medieval shaffron on public display anywhere in the world. In addition to its early date, the shaffron is also considered exceptional because of its seemingly formidable size, coupled with apparent physical evidence of battle damage. This study sheds new light on the Warwick Shaffron through the application of an original measurement methodology developed through the AHRC-funded 'Warhorse Project' and applied to shaffrons in the collections of the Royal Armouries. Drawing upon the Warhorse Project's wider findings on medieval horse stature, this paper critically discusses what shaffrons can tell us about the size of the mounts that wore them. A headline finding is that the dimensions of the Warwick Shaffron are entirely compatible with what we know about the size range of medieval horses at the time of its manufacture, albeit towards the upper end of the range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Time poverty remains a critical issue for water access across the globe. However, research on the time spent for water collection and the factors associated with collection time inequalities and access heterogeneities is limited, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Drawing on the 2014 Ghana's Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data, and statistical and spatial analysis, we apply the concept of "everydayness" of water collection time poverty to examine the factors associated with water collection time inequalities and access heterogeneities of drinking water sources in Ghana. Our analysis shows that 8.6% of households face drinking water collection time poverty and this is prevalent and significant across different socio-economic groups and geographies. The observed geographical heterogeneity and collection time inequality in drinking water sources in this paper adds to the literature in terms of variation in household water insecurity across time and space. The water policy implications of these findings are discussed, and we highlight strategies to rethink drinking water security in the Global South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the vibration model of the piezoelectric cantilever, the piezoelectric and electromagnetic output model are established. The simulation analysis of the cantilever vibration is performed using Comsol Multiphysics software. The effects of structural parameters, including cantilever length, cantilever thickness, piezoelectric layer length, piezoelectric layer thickness, coil size and position, on the resonance frequency and output voltage were analyzed. A cantilever vibration energy collection device is designed. The feasibility and accuracy of theoretical analysis were verified through the experiment, and the resonance frequency and the output voltage of the experiment basically agree with the theoretical calculation value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the edition and commentary of three papyrus fragments from the collections preserved at the Abbey of Montserrat and the Archive of the Jesuits in Barcelona. They have in common that they might be interpreted as connected to magical or divinatory practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we examine the itinerary of the objects and the agencies involved in the construction of the collections of ethnographic artefacts gathered by German ethnographer and priest Martin Gusinde during his fieldtrips to Tierra del Fuego (Argentina and Chile), carried out between 1918 and 1924. In order to study the formation processes of these collections, we will trace the agencies of the Selk´nam, Yagan and Kawésqar Indigenous people in the making, selling, trading or withholding of their material culture, showing the differential impact these had on the collections. We retrace the dispersal of these Fuegian collections into five museums located in Chile, Austria and the Vatican, presenting a reservoir unknown until now. Our exploration of the complex networks of social and material interactions involved in the dynamic biography of these Fuegian ethnographic collections sheds light on the active role of the Indigenous people in their construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A number of recent publications, including a recent special issue of World Archaeology, have engaged with museum collections as assemblages that can be studied productively. This paper attempts to refigure 'collection' and 'assemblage' as action nouns, in order to explore the role these processes can have in generating understandings of the past, especially within museum settings. While nineteenth-century projects involving collecting and assemblage contributed fundamental disciplinary frameworks to archaeology, museums have increasingly been regarded as institutions exclusively focused on the archival storage of excavated material, and the display of archaeological knowledge generated through fieldwork. This paper makes the case that a creative and reflective reengagement with collection, as a process of assemblage and reassemblage, including in forms made possible by electronic media, has the potential to refresh museum archaeology for the twenty-first century, realigning it with other archaeological practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fomin and Zelevinsky's definition of cluster algebras laid the foundation for cluster theory. The various categorifications and generalizations of the original definition led to Iyama and Yoshino's generalized cluster categories T / T f d coming from positive-Calabi-Yau triples (T , T f d , M). Jin later defined simple minded collection quadruples (T , T p , S , S) , where the special case S = Σ − d is the analogue of Iyama and Yang's triples: negative-Calabi-Yau triples. In this paper, we further study the quotient categories T / T p coming from simple minded collection quadruples. Our main result uses limits and colimits to describe Hom-spaces over T / T p in relation to the easier to understand Hom-spaces over T. Moreover, we apply our theorem to give a different proof of a result by Jin: if we have a negative-Calabi-Yau triple, then T / T p is a negative cluster category. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The care of historic interiors in the U.K. and abroad has evolved over many centuries, from historic housekeeping documented in early manuscripts, to preventive conservation, collections care and management widely practised in museums today. This paper takes a long view of this evolution, considering the causes and instigators of change in approaches taken by public institutions and private owners of historic collections. The influence of increasing professionalisation of the heritage sector and of statutory concern for the care of items of national interest is reviewed, and practice compared in the private and public spheres, to consider the future for conservation housekeeping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]