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The article focuses on the state of the press in Switzerland. It notes the changes taking place in the field of mass communication, which is evident in the emergence of mass communication studies on Swiss press problems in a development that concurred with the trend towards self-examination noticeable in press circles. It mentions that the first popular-type paper "Blick" published in 1959 garnered violent reactions in the German-language editorial offices. It says that the success of "Blick" have resulted to several consequences: general-information papers have started personalizing their information, simplified editorial language, and a revival of business sense in press circles. It explores the effect of the changes to the French-language and German language press in the country.

Recent trends in French society are outlined, focusing on the decline of major institutions (the state, political parties, unions, education, and church), the decline of civic consciousness, the cult of money and competition, the cult of the media, evolution of social classes, and changes in the role of the family. (MSE)

Regarding media framing of protests, current studies have primarily focused on the negative side of framing tools, that is, marginalization devices that news media employ to belittle and demonize a protest. Yet little scholarship has scrutinized the positive side of framing tools, i.e., affirmation devices that mass media adopt to convey sympathy for and approval of a protest. Through comparing U.S. media coverage of two recent large anti-government movements taking place in China and France—the movements sharing similarities in vital factors impacting media coverage—this paper illustrates a series of affirmation devices, including highlighting issues and downplaying violence, blaming violence on authorities, stressing public approval, backing protest goals, and understating a movement's dark side. A systematic examination of affirmation devices contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of media framing and the relations between the media and social movements. This exploration also challenges the popular conception that violence by protesters typically leads to negative media coverage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How do non-established far-right actors reach visibility in the media? While much research focuses on media visibility of progressive movements and established parties, little is known about the coverage of grassroots far-right mobilization. Inspired by insights from media studies, social movement literature, and scholarship on the far right, the paper suggests that media coverage is a function of the protest strategies of non-established far-right actors. To this end, We use a new dataset measuring political claims made on the websites of CasaPound Italia (CPI) and the Bloc Identitaire (BI), and from newspaper reports in France and Italy. We use logistic regressions to quantify increasing media coverage based on specific characteristics of mobilization (issue ownership, dramatization, confrontation and counter-mobilization). Focusing on two countries with comparable political contexts but major differences in other factors relevant to far-right mobilization (number of migrants, asylum seekers, perceived most important problem, and proximity to elections), we illustrate that news coverage is more likely when CPI and BI mobilize on immigration, engage in street protest, and create public controversy. While broader comparative evidence is needed, the paper offers a novel meso-level perspective on the interplay between far-right mobilization and media attention, and it sets out an innovative method to combine online and offline data for the study of protest in far-right politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Appraises the state of communication research and experimentation in France, identifies new research perspectives, and suggests possible reform. (PD)

The new information technologies are leading to a fear of mass communications. Schools must lead the way in dispelling this fear. Newspapers can help by developing programs for using newspapers in schools. Newspaper programs in Italy, Denmark, France, and the United States are discussed. (IS)

References to mass housing complexes tend to balance between their generally unknown realities and the pervasive power of their representations. These are often nourished by emotional experiences conveyed by words and images in mass media and political discourse - especially when it comes to ghettos or problematic suburbs - and multiple arrays of commercial, documentary, and fictional depictions of everyday realities or aspirational imaginaries. Complementarity, different media types entered middle- and lower-class houses, rendering these mediations bidirectional by progressively conquering their place in the domestic scene. Besides, the history of access to housing runs parallel and often intertwined with the history of media, rendering mass housing an object of mass media and a pop culture subject, entangling different and often contradictory representations. Simultaneously the country of bande dessinée and the crisis of the banlieues, France is a particularly revealing example. Since the mid-1960s, comic strips acquired a special status in French society that rendered it an accurate cultural barometer of its culture. Alongside, France extensively built social housing estates in the outskirts of its major cities throughout Les Trente Glorieuses. As a result, these grands ensembles often became highly stigmatised and mediatised places with their bars and towers, frequently depicted in cinema, literature, comic strips, and other art forms. This paper aims to discuss the state of the art of the presence of social housing estates in French comics and present an array of comic books - produced since the 1970s - that depict these architectures and illustrate their social questions. These examples reveal the qualities and expose the contradictions of comics and the seductive power of the medium to explore the urban context of the banlieue, either when narrating its dystopic and violent environments or when enhancing the anthropological and visual qualities of these suburban settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines a series of English-language newspaper ventures produced in revolutionary France and largely aimed at export to Britain. These enterprises, chief among which was the Paris Mercury (1792), sought to profit from heightened British interest in French events by dispatching ready-printed newspapers directly from Paris, thus achieving news priority over the domestic British press. New French press freedoms also enabled claims to be made about the superior editorial qualities of such extraterritorial newspapers. This article reconstructs these newspapers' publication history, reviews their contents, discusses their commercial and political rationale and their precursors, and offers explanations for their failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - This paper seeks to investigate the communication strategy of the two main candidates in the 2007 French presidential elections, deconstructing the process of communication in its main elements: context, message, media-mix, and communication strategy. Design/methodology/approach - Secondary data were collected from a variety of secondary sources, such as texts, articles, statistics and interviews on the subject of the 2007 French presidential elections, published in various journals or web sites, and then re-interpreted from the perspective of two researchers, who were direct participants and observers of these political events. Findings - The findings present an analytical discussion of the central political message used during the presidential campaign, complemented by an analysis of the media-mix and the level of media exposure of the two main candidates. Research limitations/implications - The limited focus of the paper on the communication campaign implemented by the two main candidates in the 2007 French presidential elections does not permit a general evaluation of the political marketing strategy. Practical implications - The conclusions of this study can provide a useful insight for political communication specialists. Originality/value - The main contribution of the paper lies in the presentation and discussion of the main communication methods and tools used in a political system different from the Anglo-American context, which is analysed in most empirical and theoretical studies on the subject of political marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to present France's modern language policy in relation to the French language in the mass media at the end of the XX century. On the basis of the analysis of the documents that refer to the language policy in this area, we have concluded that, in terms of the radio and TV stations, the state regulates the use of the French language in the programmes. France also pays special attention to the print media and cinematographic production, which contribute to spreading of the French language and culture. The institutions, in charge of the protection of the French language in this area, point out that the biggest part of the mass media duly fulfil this obligation. The most common violations are the lack of translation, illegibility, grammar errors and increase presence of English words. These measures provide the protection of the French language in the mass media on both national and international level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mass migration of non-Europeans into Schengen Europe and the terrorist attacks perpetrated in the name of Islam in various cities in the European Union have led to a series of mediated public debates on the control of the nation-state border over the past few years. Right-wing populist parties have been prominent in structuring these debates. However, can the urban media, and specifically the commercial ones often accused of sensationalism, be considered as tools that promote the securitization and progressive closure of the state border within Schengen Europe? Based on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the representation of non-European migration and terrorism by a metropolitan commercial paper in borderland France, the current article shows that reporters can be instead instrumental in the definition of a "Mediapolis" that is a debordered, global, and moral space of mediated appearances helping to deal with international crises. The promotion of this Mediapolis is presented as the result of multiple spatial and temporal conditions in a series of interconnected cities contained in the French nation-state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A number of studies have been carried out in different countries for the right of women to participate in the life of their community and to assemble information on the problems of minority groups in the larger national community. This article helps to focus on the attention of social scientists on problems they can tackle in common and may prepare the way for joint research. Two reports were presented on the attempts to compare survey findings from some countries. The first was an analysis of data on strategies of influence in different countries and the other was the comparison of data on active participants in France. U.S. Recruiter Mattei Dogan's paper focuses on salient features of party systems in France and Italy. A study was reported on the importance of mass media for the less committed voters in the Federal Republic of Germany. The results of a series of studies of leisure use in Finland and an analysis of differences in community participation was summarized. A detailed study on the growth of home-centeredness in Britain was reported. An extensive research program was launched in 1960 to throw light on the political processes in the Federal Republic.

In France, the inter-war years were a time when the sports movement was truly in need of structure and the media wanted to play a part in the process. At that time, sports practice was fairly limited and making it an integral part of French daily life was an essential goal. With this in mind, the French media took part in the popularisation of sports practice where the rationale seemed more concerned with its emergence rather than its development. Regional case studies can be helpful in pinpointing how social perspectives were viewed by the media, provided that they focus on the territories that reflected the national frame of mind. This allows for plausible generalisation. The Rhône-Alps region, more precisely the Grenoble valley, was typical in this respect. An in-depth study of a regional weekly sports newspaper, ‘Les Alpes Sportives’ (8 November 1919 – 5 May 1928), demonstrates how editorial leverage was used to convince readers to turn to sport and recognise its cultural worth. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Information about several papers discussed at "MIT6 Conference, Stone and Papyrus: Storage and Transmission," held from April 24-26, 2009 in Boston, USA is presented. Topics include memory and heritage policy of France, media material archives of Sweden, and Web 2.0. The symposium featured several archivists including Rick Prelinger, Claude Mussou, and Pelle Snickars.

The concept of journalistic norms and recent French experience with this are reviewed. It is concluded that the press might be a reasonable arbiter between conservative institutional norms and recent rapid change in the French language. (MSE)

The theme I approached in the present paper comprises a brief evocation of significant moments in history, through which women proved their capacity to be equal with men in all fields of social activity. I limited the grounds of this research to two countries: France and Romania, as there is an important connection between them, in the sense of the impact French culture had on the development of Romanian spirituality. From an immense canvas of instances, I chose a few figures who have accomplished, through their will and aspirations, the sum of wishes of the ones who did not have the possibility to express them in a concrete manner. Their victory was not accidental; it was predictable because the male prejudices they were fighting had no rational grounds. At times, it was precisely the absurdity of a support which was more difficult to prove, and it can be stated that women managed to do that not only through words but also through their deeds. The period I analysed was until WWII which brought about major changes in the world. From that moment on, women began to obtain most of the rights requested throughout time and feminism acquired new facets. At the same time, the mass media through which women exposed their problems became more complex and they can represent the object of another type of analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the theory of instrumental actualization in mediated conflicts, the mass media tend to exaggerate events consistent with the editorial line. This theory was tested using press coverage in Germany, Switzerland, France, and the United Kingdom on the Japanese seaquake, the tsunami it caused, and the nuclear disaster of Fukushima. Within a period of seven weeks after the seaquake, the coverage in the four countries in 27 national newspapers and magazines on the three events was analyzed. As hypothesized from theory, German and Swiss media concentrated on Fukushima and stressed its relevance to domestic nuclear plants, whereas French and British media placed a greater emphasis on the tsunami and rarely related the nuclear catastrophe in Japan to domestic nuclear programs. In addition, there were remarkable correlations between the views of journalists and the bias of statements on nuclear energy presented in their news sections. Findings are discussed and related to the theory of public opinion and political decisions in liberal democracies. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Europaea is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dos Algarves: A Multidisciplinary e-Journal is the property of Dos Algarves: A Multidisciplinary e-Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

High levels of antibiotic consumption are driving levels of bacterial resistance that threaten public health. Nonetheless, antibiotics still provide highly effective treatments for common diseases with important implications for human health. The challenge for public education is to achieve a meaningful reduction in unnecessary antibiotic use without adversely affecting the management of bacterial infections. This paper focuses on the lessons learned from national campaigns in countries (Belgium and France) with high antibiotic use. Evaluation of these national campaigns showed the importance of television advertising as a powerful medium to change attitudes and perhaps also behaviour with regard to antibiotics. Moreover, in both countries, strong evidence suggested reduced antibiotic prescribing. However, adverse effects associated with a reduction in antibiotic prescribing were not monitored. We conclude that carefully designed mass education campaigns could improve antibiotic use nationally and should be considered in countries with high antibiotic use. However, these campaigns should employ techniques of social marketing and use appropriate outcome measures. The benefits and risks of such campaigns have been less well established in countries where antibiotic use is already low or declining.

This brief research paper is in the same time a study of modern world history, but also that of compared imagology. The researched theme can be regarded as an unprecedented one because the study presents the image of a West European country reflected in the main Transylvanian newspaper from the modern period, "Gazeta de Transilvania". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the privileged subjects examined nowadays in discourse analysis is the media discourse, especially the television discourse which constitutes the main point of interest for the present study. The paper gives an account of the relationship between television and entertainment on the one hand, and impoliteness on the other hand, through the linguistic analysis of a fragment extracted from the French talk-show On n'est pas couché. The concept discussed here is that of impoliteness as entertainment, or "entertaining"-impoliteness, which describes one of the major tendencies in the French talk-shows broadcasted today: namely, the exploitation of impoliteness and/or verbal violence for the sake of the show. The paper highlights the way in which impoliteness -- staged here in the form of a moralizing story -- provides entertainment thus fulfilling the public's expectations. Following this analysis, some of the contributions brought by the study of media discourse in (im)politeness and media genre theories will be outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public information in medicine - including oncology - is not new and is growing with the development of the media. The majority is news preferably spectacular for the entertainment of the reader or viewer; there are some reviews and also educative papers or programs in specialized journals. Often this information is given or sponsored by private interests which are not always clear and which do not always have public interest in mind. All medical information may be easily accessible, especially if it is useful for the people concerned. It must be independent, genuine, clear. Physicians may play an important role in health education for the general public and for special patients. They have to give proved data, in an understandable form, with caution, keeping in mind the interest of informed persons.