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This open access book is the first to provide an analysis of the Dutch paper industry over a period encompassing six centuries. Responding to a trend of renewed scholarly interest in paper industries and production, the book seeks to illuminate the factors behind this relatively small national industry’s centuries-long survival. Previous historical research has shown that sets of colonial, trade, merchant and family networks, tightly interwoven through a dense web of capital, were crucial for paper production and trade in early modern Europe. This book situates the Dutch paper industry within these overlapping contexts and their shifting dynamics over time, and historicizes the challenges and obstacles it had to overcome through four phases of capitalism: the rise of Dutch capitalism (1580–1815), Dutch monarchic liberalism (1815–1914), Fordism (1914–1980), and post-Fordism (1980 until now). Each chapter covers not only technological advancements in the industry, but its development alongside further determining dimensions, such as state-industry relations (industry policies), labour-capital relations (unions) and competition and cooperation, overall painting a picture of how the industry adapted to and endured changes in national and global networks surrounding the industry. This book will be of broad interest to scholars of economic and business history, as well as industrial history, political economy, and management studies.

Civil society has become an indispensable part of the global discourses on democratization, good governance, sustainable development, and security. Differing perspectives view civil society as a legitimizing actor, a critical partner, and even a serious challenger in these discourses. This paper examines the ways in which civil society actions contribute to Security Sector Governance and Reform (SSG/R) and Sustainable Development Goal-16 (SDG-16). It argues that civil society’s ability to make significant contributions to SSG/R and SDG-16 rests on the interplay between endogenous factors such as its plurality, robustness, and civility and exogenous variables such as the regime type, state capacity, and relations with security providers. The differing combinations of these factors enable civil society to perform three major roles: (1) an agent of democratic accountability and civilian oversight; (2) a space for new discourses on security and development; and (3) an alternative provider of people-oriented security. This paper uses case studies of the Philippines, Tunisia, and Somalia, among others, to show the variation in the performance of these roles, the gains achieved by civil society organizations (CSOs), and the limitations and challenges posed by their involvement. It argues that efforts of civil society to improve SSG help meet some of the targets of SDG-16 that relate to improving accountability, transparency, and participation. This paper concludes by examining the implications of civil society’s participation in the future sustainability of SSG/R as a framework and the progress toward the realization of SDG-16 and providing viable policy recommendations for actors at the international, state, and societal levels.

This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the First International Conference on Robust Argumentation Machines, RATIO 2024, which took place in Bielefeld, Germany, during June 5-7, 2024. The 20 full papers and 1 short paper included in the proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 24 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Argument Mining; Debate Analysis and Deliberation; Argument Acquisition, Annotation and Quality Assessment; Computational Models of Argumentation; Interactive Argumentation, Recommendation and Personalization; and Argument Search and Retrieval.

This open-access book presents the best research papers from the XIV International Congress on Tourism and Information and Communications Technologies (TURITEC2023), held in Málaga, Spain from 19 to 20 October 2023. The book explores the profound impact of COVID-19 on the tourism industry and the increasing importance of digitalization and Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) as key drivers for the industry's recovery, alongside sustainability. This curated collection of research papers offers conceptualizations, methodologies, analyses, and empirical case studies that illuminate the path to a resilient and sustainable future for tourism.

This volume opens the series of papers presented at the Vienna Congress of AILC/ICLA 2016, beginning with eight keynotes. Among others, thirty-four further papers are dedicated to the central theme of the conference: the linguistic side of world literature, under different focal points.

Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Digitalization and Sustainability collects the lectures and technical papers presented at the 12th International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (IABMAS 2024, Copenhagen, Denmark, 24-28 June 2024). This Open Access book contains 480 contributions, including the T.Y. Lin Lecture, 9 Keynote Lectures, and 470 technical papers from 44 countries. The contributions are presented bring together academic and technological developments in Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Digitalization and Sustainability, to solve new and old problems with innovative solutions. Major topics include: advanced bridge design, construction and maintenance approaches, safety, reliability and risk evaluation, life-cycle management, life-cycle resilience, sustainability, standardization, analytical models, bridge management systems, service life prediction, structural health monitoring, non-destructive testing and field testing, robustness and redundancy, durability enhancement, repair and rehabilitation, fatigue and corrosion, extreme loads, needs of bridge owners, whole life costing and investment for the future, financial planning and application of information and computer technology, extensive data analysis and artificial intelligence for bridges, among others. Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Digitalization and Sustainability provides an up-to-date overview of the field of bridge engineering and significant contributions to making more rational decisions on bridge safety, maintenance, management, life-cycle, resilience, sustainability, and bridge innovations to enhance society’s welfare. The Editors hope that this book will serve as a valuable reference to all concerned with bridge structure and infrastructure systems, including engineers, researchers, academics, and students from all areas of bridge engineering.

This two-volume set constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First Nordic Conference on , Digital Health and Wireless Solutions, NCDHWS 2024, held in Oulu, Finland, during May 7–8, 2024. The 51 full papers included in this book together with 7 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 100 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Remote Care and Health Connectivity Architectures in 6G Era.- User Experience and Citizen Data.- Digitalization in Health Education.- Digital Health Innovations.- Digital Care Pathways. Part II: Clinical Decision Support and Medical AI.- Digital Care Pathways.- Novel Sensors and Bioinformatics.- Health Technology Assessment and Impact Evaluation.- Wireless Technologies and Medical Devices. This book is open access.

This open access book constitutes the revised selected papers of the First International Symposium on AI, Data and Digitalization, SAIDD 2023, held in Sogndal, Norway, during May 9–10, 2023. The 13 full papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 42 submissions. The papers deal with the impact of data and AI on the digital revolution and their contribution to solving societal challenges.

The two-volume open access book set LNCS 14576 + 14577 constitutes the proceedings of the 33rd European Symposium on Programming, ESOP 2024, which was held during April 6-11, 2024, in Luxemburg, as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2024. The 25 full papers and 1 fresh perspective paper presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 72 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Effects and modal types; bidirectional typing and session types; dependent types; Part II: Quantum programming and domain-specific languages; verification; program analysis; abstract interpretation.

This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering, FASE 2024, held in conjunction with ETAPS 2024 which took place in Luxembourg in April 2024. The 14 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 41 submission. The proceedings also include 5 short papers from the Test-Comp 2024 event that was hosted by FASE. They deal with the broad field of software engineering, focusing on requirements, design, architecture, modeling, applications of AI to software engineering and software engineering for AI-based systems, quality, model-driven engineering, processes, and software evolution.

The fifth edition of this well-established, highly regarded two-volume set continues to provide a fundamental introduction to advanced particle physics while incorporating substantial new experimental results, especially in the areas of Higgs and top sector physics, as well as CP violation and neutrino oscillations. It offers an accessible and practical introduction to the three gauge theories comprising the Standard Model of particle physics: quantum electrodynamics (QED), quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and the Glashow-Salam-Weinberg (GSW) electroweak theory. Volume 1 of this updated edition provides a broad introduction to the first of these theories, QED. The book begins with self-contained presentations of relativistic quantum mechanics and electromagnetism as a gauge theory. Lorentz transformations, discrete symmetries, and Majorana fermions are covered. A unique feature is the elementary introduction to quantum field theory, leading in easy stages to covariant perturbation theory and Feynman graphs, thereby establishing a firm foundation for the formal and conceptual framework upon which the subsequent development of the three quantum gauge field theories of the Standard Model is based. Detailed tree-level calculations of physical processes in QED are presented, followed by an elementary treatment of one-loop renormalization of a model scalar field theory, and then by the realistic case of QED. The text includes updates on nucleon structure functions and the status of QED, in particular the precision tests provided by the anomalous magnetic moments of the electron and muon. The authors discuss the main conceptual points of the theory, detail many practical calculations of physical quantities from first principles, and compare these quantitative predictions with experimental results, helping readers improve both their calculation skills and physical insight. Each volume should serve as a valuable handbook for students and researchers in advanced particle physics looking for an introduction to the Standard Model of particle physics. Ian J.R. Aitchison is Emeritus Professor of Physics at the University of Oxford. He has previously held research positions at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Saclay, and the University of Cambridge. He was a visiting professor at the University of Rochester and the University of Washington, and a scientific associate at CERN and SLAC. Dr. Aitchison has published over 90 scientific papers mainly on hadronic physics and quantum field theory. He is the author of two books and joint editor of further two. Anthony J.G. Hey is now Honorary Senior Data Scientist at the UK’s National Laboratory at Harwell. He began his career with a doctorate in particle physics from the University of Oxford. After a career in particle physics that included a professorship at the University of Southampton and research positions at Caltech, MIT and CERN, he moved to Computer Science and founded a parallel computing research group. The group were one of the pioneers of distributed memory message-passing computers and helped establish the ‘MPI’ message passing standard. After leaving Southampton in 2001 he was director of the UK’s ‘eScience’ initiative before becoming a Vice-President in Microsoft Research. He returned to the UK in 2015 as Chief Data Scientist at the U.K.’s Rutherford Appleton Laboratory. He then founded a new ‘Scientific Machine Learning’ group to apply AI technologies to the ‘Big Scientific Data’ generated by the Diamond Synchrotron, the ISIS neutron source, and the Central Laser Facility that are located on the Harwell campus. He is the author of over 100 scientific papers on physics and computing and editor of ‘The Feynman Lectures on Computation’.

Discover a treasure trove of knowledge in the proceedings of the First International Confer-ence on Education (ICEdu). This meticulously curated collection of research papers delves into the transformative landscape of education in the 21st century, offering insights, solutions, and inspiration for educators, researchers, and policymakers alike. Explore a diverse range of subject areas, from pedagogical innovations to the challenges of digital learning and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education. With 28 scholarly papers contributed by experts from around the world, this volume offers a comprehensive un-derstanding of the multifaceted issues in contemporary education. Whether you're an academic seeking fresh perspectives or an educator navigating the com-plexities of modern pedagogy, these proceedings provide invaluable guidance. Join us in shap-ing the future of education by harnessing the power of 21st-century skills, professional devel-opment, and spiritual growth. This book is an essential resource for anyone passionate about the advancement of education in the pandemic and post-pandemic era. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license. Funded by Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia.

In his 1979 essay The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge philosopher Jean-François Lyotard noted that the advent of the computer opened up a stage of progress in which knowledge has become a commodity. Modernity and postmodernity appear as two stages of a process resulting from the conflict of science and narrative. As science attempts to distance itself from narrative, it must create its own legitimacy. This paper takes up this challenge with a focus on the question of imagery. The image is precisely what modern science seeks to free itself from in its quest for absolute transparency. This transparency is examined from the perspective of architecture, drawing on arguments from philosophy, quantum mechanics, theology and information theory. Natural science in the context of postmodernism Quantum mechanics and information theory New volume in the Applied Virtuality Book Series ; In his 1979 essay The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge philosopher Jean-François Lyotard noted that the advent of the computer opened up a stage of progress in which knowledge has become a commodity. Modernity and postmodernity appear as two stages of a process resulting from the conflict of science and narrative. As science attempts to distance itself from narrative, it must create its own legitimacy. This paper takes up this challenge with a focus on the question of imagery. The image is precisely what modern science seeks to free itself from in its quest for absolute transparency. This transparency is examined from the perspective of architecture, drawing on arguments from philosophy, quantum mechanics, theology and information theory. Natural science in the context of postmodernism Quantum mechanics and information theory New volume in the Applied Virtuality Book Series, Naturwissenschaft im Zeichen der Postmoderne Quantenmechanik und Informationstheorie Neuer Band der Reihe Applied Virtuality Book Series In seinem 1979 erschienenen Essay Das postmoderne Wissen stellte Jean-François Lyotard fest, dass die Einführung des Computers ein Stadium des Fortschritts definiert, in dem Wissen zur Ware wird. Moderne und Postmoderne erscheinen als zwei Stadien eines Prozesses, der aus dem Konflikt der Wissenschaft mit den Narrativen resultiert: Während die Wissenschaft versucht, sich vom Narrativen zu distanzieren, muss sie ihre eigene Legitimation schaffen. Die vorliegende Abhandlung greift die Herausforderung im Zeichen des Bildes auf. Das Bild ist genau das, wovon sich die moderne Wissenschaft auf der Suche nach absoluter Transparenz zu befreien versucht. Diese Transparenz wird unter architektonischen Gesichtspunkten untersucht, die von der Philosophie bis zur Quantenmechanik, von der Theologie bis zur Informationstheorie reichen.

Polarity (positive, negative) is one of the most fundamental concepts in the system of language and there are many expressions that are sensitive to polarity. For example, any in English and wh-mo in Japanese appear in negative contexts, but not in positive contexts. While previous studies have shown that polarity-sensitive expressions are a general phenomenon in languages, it has also become clear that there are variations in polarity-sensitive expressions. This volume explores the variations in polarity-sensitive expressions through comparisons between Japanese and other languages, such as English, German, Spanish, and Old Japanese, and examines the environments and contexts in which polarity-sensitive expressions occur, as well as the types of (cross-linguistic) variation allowed. The value of the present volume lies in its inclusion of research papers inquiring into various types of polarity-sensitive expressions, such as negative-, positive-, and discourse-sensitive polarity items as well as their variations. The research indicates new directions for the study of polarity-sensitive expressions in the fields of syntax, semantics, pragmatics, historical linguistics, corpus linguistics and psycholinguistics. ; Polarity (positive, negative) is one of the most fundamental concepts in the system of language and there are many expressions that are sensitive to polarity. For example, any in English and wh-mo in Japanese appear in negative contexts, but not in positive contexts. While previous studies have shown that polarity-sensitive expressions are a general phenomenon in languages, it has also become clear that there are variations in polarity-sensitive expressions. This volume explores the variations in polarity-sensitive expressions through comparisons between Japanese and other languages, such as English, German, Spanish, and Old Japanese, and examines the environments and contexts in which polarity-sensitive expressions occur, as well as the types of (cross-linguistic) variation allowed. The value of the present volume lies in its inclusion of research papers inquiring into various types of polarity-sensitive expressions, such as negative-, positive-, and discourse-sensitive polarity items as well as their variations. The research indicates new directions for the study of polarity-sensitive expressions in the fields of syntax, semantics, pragmatics, historical linguistics, corpus linguistics and psycholinguistics.

Religion plays a central role in nearly every aspect in people’s life of most pre-modern cultures. Especially the interconnection between religion and politics is a common fact but the details of this relation and interacting processes behind this are not substantially studied. Therefore, this volume does not aim to confirm the linkage of religion and politics in general but to investigate its functionalities in political processes. A focus is placed on the political role of religious personnel beyond their religious and cultic tasks and their influence in pre-modern societies from a cross-cultural perspective. Specialists from various disciplines present their research based on case studies. Thereby this interdisciplinary volume covers a wide geographical and chronological range from ancient Egypt in the Bronze Age until medieval England. These papers are organised according to core functions questioning the instrumentalisation of religious personnel. ; Religion plays a central role in nearly every aspect in people’s life of most pre-modern cultures. Especially the interconnection between religion and politics is a common fact but the details of this relation and interacting processes behind this are not substantially studied. Therefore, this volume does not aim to confirm the linkage of religion and politics in general but to investigate its functionalities in political processes. A focus is placed on the political role of religious personnel beyond their religious and cultic tasks and their influence in pre-modern societies from a cross-cultural perspective. Specialists from various disciplines present their research based on case studies. Thereby this interdisciplinary volume covers a wide geographical and chronological range from ancient Egypt in the Bronze Age until medieval England. These papers are organised according to core functions questioning the instrumentalisation of religious personnel.

Throughout history, manuscripts have been made and used for religious, artistic, and scientific performances, and this practice continues in most cultures today. By focusing on the role manuscripts have in different kinds of performances, this volume contributes to the evolving field of investigating written artefacts and their functions. The collected essays regard manuscripts as points of intersection where textual, material, and performative aspects converge. The contributors analyse manuscripts in their forms and functions as well as their positioning in the performances for which they were made. These aspects unfold across the volume’s three sections, examining how manuscripts are (1) used backstage, for preparing and giving instructions for performances; (2) taken onstage, contributing to the enactment of performances; and (3) performers in their own right, producing an effect on the audience. The diversified, interdisciplinary, and innovative methodologies of the included papers carry great potential to expand the traditional approaches of manuscript studies and find application outside the contributors’ respective fields. ; Throughout history, manuscripts have been made and used for religious, artistic, and scientific performances, and this practice continues in most cultures today. By focusing on the role manuscripts have in different kinds of performances, this volume contributes to the evolving field of investigating written artefacts and their functions. The collected essays regard manuscripts as points of intersection where textual, material, and performative aspects converge. The contributors analyse manuscripts in their forms and functions as well as their positioning in the performances for which they were made. These aspects unfold across the volume’s three sections, examining how manuscripts are (1) used backstage, for preparing and giving instructions for performances; (2) taken onstage, contributing to the enactment of performances; and (3) performers in their own right, producing an effect on the audience. The diversified, interdisciplinary, and innovative methodologies of the included papers carry great potential to expand the traditional approaches of manuscript studies and find application outside the contributors’ respective fields.

This open access book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Software Business, ICSOB 2023, which was held in Lahti, Finland, during November 27–29, 2023. The special theme of ICSOB 2023 was Digital Agility: Mastering Change in Software Business and Digital Services. The 27 full papers and 8 short papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 79 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Requirements; software procurement; platforms, ecosystems and data; artificial intelligence; software startups; software product management; software and business co-development; and emerging digital world.

This open access volume of LIDC contributions focuses on how competition and intellectual property laws incorporate sustainability objectives. Businesses are increasingly embracing sustainability objectives, driven by the international community. Although competition and intellectual property law are certainly not the only tools for addressing sustainability issues, they can play a role in moving toward a more sustainable society. Sustainability has gained prominence in competition law in all jurisdictions covered in this volume. The contributions focus on classic questions such as whether sustainability agreements restrict competition and, if so, to what extent businesses can be exempted on efficiency grounds. The papers also raise a number of questions, in particular concerning the treatment of non-market efficiencies. The soft law and case law produced by competition authorities are examined, and the leadership role of some competition authorities in the field – from advocacy to policy papers and sustainability guidelines – is highlighted. The authors call for more individual guidance to provide enhanced transparency and clarity to industry, advisors and society at large on sustainability issues, with guidelines or sustainability-related block exemptions providing even greater legal certainty. With regard to intellectual property, the contributions examine various important issues, such as the need for intellectual property rights to remain technology-neutral, ways to promote the use of sustainable technologies and incentives for licensing, and ways to promote the dissemination of sustainable technologies, including compulsory licensing, cross-licensing, open source or FRAND licensing, and replacing the destruction of counterfeit goods with recycling. The papers also discuss greenwashing and how it can be addressed through revisions to trademarks and related rights.

This open access book constitutes papers from the research workshops presented at XP 2022 and XP 2023, respectively the 23rd and 24th International Conferences on Agile Software Development, held on June 13-17, 2022 at the IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark and June 13-16, 2023 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. XP is the premier agile software development conference combining research and practice. It is a unique forum where agile researchers, practitioners, thought leaders, coaches, and trainers get together to present and discuss their most recent innovations, research results, experiences, concerns, challenges, and trends. XP conferences provide an informal environment to learn and trigger discussions and welcome both people new to agile and seasoned agile practitioners. In 2022, the following workshops took place: ● 3rd International Workshop on Agility with Microservices Programming ● 2nd International Workshop on Agile Sustainability ● Agile and Education In 2023, six workshops were held: ● Workshop on Organisational Debt and Large-Scale Agile ● Workshop on Software-Intensive Business ● Workshop on Global and Hybrid Work ● Workshop on Fear-Based Agile Transformation ● Workshop on AI-assisted Agile ● Workshop on Agile-Quantum Software Engineering In 2022, 6 workshop papers were accepted for publication in these post-proceedings, out of 11 submissions, and in 2023, 15 papers were accepted for publication out of 38 submissions.

This open access volume is a collection of full papers based on the peer-reviewed presentations accepted for the European Researchers in Didactics of Biology, ERIDOB 2022 conference. ERIDOB aims to bring together researchers in didactics of Biology from Europe and around the world to share and discuss their research work and results. It is the only major international conference whose focus lies exclusively on biology education research, and all the papers are written by international researchers from across Europe (and beyond) which report on a range of contemporary biology education research projects. They are all entirely new papers describing new research in the field. Each paper has been peer-reviewed by experienced biology education researchers and the members of the ERIDOB Academic Committee. The selected papers are collated within the following categories of biology education: · Teaching Strategies and Learning Environments · Students’ Knowledge, Conceptions, Values, Attitudes and Motivation · Outdoor and Environmental Education · Biology Teachers’ Professional Development By providing a collection of new research findings from many countries, this book is a great resource for researchers and practitioners such as school, college and university biology teachers' around the world. It is useful for training biology teachers and therefore valuable to teacher training institutions.

This Open Access volume assembles experts from the United States and India to examine six issues essential to the safety and security of nuclear facilities, technologies, and materials: insider threats, organizational culture, emergency response, physical protection, control of radioactive sources, and cyber security. Each chapter includes papers by an Indian expert and by an American counterpart. This unique structure contrasts the countries’ diverse perspectives on nuclear security, situates technical problems within larger socio-political contexts, and identifies cooperative opportunities for the U.S. and India.

This open access volume contains a selection of papers presented at three different IAG Symposia held in 2022: GGHS2022 – Gravity, Geoid, and Height Systems 2022, Austin, TX, United States of America, September 12 – 14, 2022; IAG Commission 4 – Positioning and Applications, Potsdam, Germany, September 5 – 8, 2022; and REFAG2022 – Reference Frames for Applications in Geosciences, Thessaloniki, Greece, October 17 – 20, 2022. Two of these three conferences were planned for 2020 or 2021, but had to be postponed due to the COVID19 pandemic. They therefore became an important opportunity for the global geodesy community to rebuild professional networks and to resume face-to-face interaction. Scientists from around the world were delighted to once again gather together to present their research progress and findings, and discuss scientific issues.

This open access book comprises selected papers presented at the NUMIFORM 2023conference, where recent developments, innovations and advances in numerical methods for material forming and shaping through plastic deformation were discussed. The conference topics include the broad areas of material behaviour and modelling and its numerical implementation; process modelling (forming, joining, machining, casting, welding/joining and additive manufacturing, etc., of metals, polymers and composites) and its numerical implementation; and conventional and novel methods of forming and joining metals and polymer and composite processing. This book serves as a valuable reference for academicians and industry professionals alike.

This open access book is a compilation of selected papers from the 10th International Conference on Civil Engineering (ICCE2023). The work focuses on novel research findings on seismic technology of civil engineering structures, High-tech construction materials, digitalization of civil engineering, urban underground space development. The contents make valuable contributions to academic researchers and engineers.

This open access proceedings presents new approaches to Machine Learning for Cyber-Physical Systems, experiences and visions. It contains some selected papers from the international Conference ML4CPS – Machine Learning for Cyber-Physical Systems, which was held in Hamburg (Germany), March 29th to 31st, 2023. Cyber-physical systems are characterized by their ability to adapt and to learn: They analyze their environment and, based on observations, they learn patterns, correlations and predictive models. Typical applications are condition monitoring, predictive maintenance, image processing and diagnosis. Machine Learning is the key technology for these developments. This is an open access book.

This volume examines the stylistic characteristics of threatening and abusive letters by right-wing extremists as well as left-wing extremist position papers and claims to responsibility. It applies qualitative and quantitative analytical methods to identify and describe the differences and similarities between these text types. The findings facilitate understanding of these text types and provide new perspectives for forensic author analysis.

This volume assembles cutting-edge work on Latin poetic style from an international cast of scholars, both senior and emerging. Some of the papers were discussed in an international workshop in Oxford in March 2022 the rest have been commissioned to complement them.

In this attempt to bring together in a single volume all that is known about the Swedish naturalist Peter Artedi, a chronicle of his life is provided, beginning with his early upbringing in the Parish of Anundsjö, Ångermanland, his school days at Härnösand, his ten years at Uppsala University, his time in England, his life and work in Holland, and ending with his untimely death by drowning in an Amsterdam canal at age 30. Benefiting enormously from an early friendship with the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus, famous for establishing binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming organisms, the two early on made elaborate plans to classify plants and animals in ways that would later be described as revolutionary. Artedi, being more interested in zoology, took on the fishes, amphibians, and reptiles—as well as the plant family Umbelliferae (Apiaceae), while Linnaeus, who was already by this time working on his sexual system for plants, took all the remaining vegetable kingdom, the insects and birds. Both agreed to work independently on minerals and mammals. Although passing before he had a chance to publish on his part of the plan, Artedi left behind a wealth of material in manuscript, mainly on the biology of fishes but also on quadrupeds, that is here translated into English from the original Latin and analyzed in light of present-day knowledge. In addition to adding details to what is already known, thanks to a number of eminent scholars, about the life of Peter Artedi, an important secondary goal of this work is to formulate a new perspective on the usefulness in practice of Artedi’s zoological methods, which no naturalist had heretofore put to paper. Readers will be surprised at the depth and breadth of his contributions, especially his work on fishes, which has earned him the well-deserved title of “Father of Ichthyology.”