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This chapter offer a history of church-state relations in Argentina that includes discussion of the growing power of Protestant evangelicals and Pentecostals. Argentina is a Catholic nation, but the Catholic influence is waning somewhat in the face of the dramatic growth of Protestants, who exert some political influence there. Also, some of the controversial new religious movements (NRMs) from the U.S. have come to Argentina and played a role in developments there, as they have become the poster children of an alleged invasion of the sects into Argentina fomented by the mass media and anti-cult movement there. But, in part because of political cover offered by the growing power of Protestants in Argentina, the NRMs have managed to protect themselves reasonably well, although not without some problematic and discriminatory episodes of regulation and control.