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The 2021 EUROCALL conference engaged just under 250 speakers from 40 different countries. Cnam Paris and Sorbonne Université joined forces to host and organise the event despite the challenging context due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Originally programmed to be held on site in the heart of Paris, France, the EUROCALL organising team and executive committee agreed to opt for a blended and then for a fully online conference. The theme of the 2021 EUROCALL conference was "CALL & Professionalisation". This volume, a selection of 54 short papers by some of the EUROCALL 2021 presenters, offers a combination of research studies as well as practical examples fairly representative of the theme of the conference. [This content is provided in the format of an e-book. Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

This volume draws together a selection of papers from YAC2018, the first meeting in the annual Year Abroad Conference series, which took place at Newcastle University in September 2018. The contributions collected here examine some of the opportunities, gains, and challenges the Year Abroad brings for both students and staff. They are presented around the five broad themes around which YAC2018 was organised: mental health, year abroad preparation, student perception of the year abroad, year abroad assessment, and employability. This volume will be of interest to academics and professional services staff involved in the preparation, administration, and management of the year abroad. [Newcastle University and the School of Modern Languages in particular provided organisational and financial support in the preparation of the event.]

The 23rd EUROCALL conference was held in Cyprus from the 24th to the 27th of August 2016. The theme of the conference this year was "CALL Communities and Culture." It offered a unique opportunity to hear from real-world CALL practitioners on how they practice CALL in their communities, and how the CALL culture has developed in local and global contexts. Short papers from the conference are presented in this volume: (1) The impact of EFL teachers' mediation in wiki-mediated collaborative writing activities on student-student collaboration (Maha Alghasab); (2) Towards the development of a comprehensive pedagogical framework for pronunciation training based on adaptive automatic speech recognition systems (Saandia Ali); (3) Digital literacy and sustainability--a field study in EFL teacher development (Christopher Allen and Jan Berggren); (4) Self-evaluation using iPads in EFL teaching practice (Christopher Allen, Stella K. Hadjistassou, and David Richardson); (5) Amateur online interculturalism in foreign language education (Antonie Alm); (6) Teaching Turkish in low tech contexts: opportunities and challenges (Katerina Antoniou, Evelyn Mbah, and Antigoni Parmaxi); (7) Learning Icelandic language and culture in virtual Reykjavic: starting to talk (Branislav Bédi, Birna Arnbjörnsdóttir, Hannes Högni Vilhjálmsson, Hafdís Erla Helgadóttir, Stefán Ólafsson, and Elías Björgvinsson); (8) Investigating student choices in performing higher-level comprehension tasks using TED (Francesca Bianchi and Ivana Marenzi); (9) An evaluation of text-to-speech synthesizers in the foreign language classroom: learners' perceptions (Tiago Bione, Jennica Grimshaw, and Walcir Cardoso); (10) Quantifying CALL: significance, effect size and variation (Alex Boulton; (11) The contribution of CALL to advanced-level foreign/second language instruction (Jack Burston and Kelly Arispe); (12) Using instructional technology to integrate CEFR "can do" performance objectives into an advanced-level language course (Jack Burston, Androulla Athanasiou, and Maro Neophytou-Yiokari); (13) Exploiting behaviorist and communicative action-based methodologies in CALL applications for the teaching of pronunciation in French as a foreign language (Jack Burston, Olga Georgiadou, and Monique Monville-Burston); (14) Mobile assisted language learning of less commonly taught languages: learning in an incidental and situated way through an app (Cristiana Cervini, Olga Solovova, Annukka Jakkula, and Karolina Ruta); (15) Using object-based activities and an online inquiry platform to support learners' engagement with their heritage language and culture (Koula Charitonos, Marina Charalampidi, and Eileen Scanlon); (16) Urban explorations for language learning: a gamified approach to teaching Italian in a university context (Koula Charitonos, Luca Morini, Sylvester Arnab, Tiziana Cervi-Wilson, and Billy Brick); (17) Communicate to learn, learn to communicate: a study of engineering students' communication strategies in a mobile-based learning environment (Li Cheng and Zhihong Lu); (18) Using a dialogue system based on dialogue maps for computer assisted second language learning (Sung-Kwon Choi, Oh-Woog Kwon, Young-Kil Kim, and Yunkeun Lee); (19) Students' attitudes and motivation towards technology in a Turkish language classroom (Pelekani Chryso); (20) Vlogging: a new channel for language learning and intercultural exchanges (Christelle Combe and Tatiana Codreanu); (21) Japanese university students' self-assessment and digital literacy test results (Travis Cote and Brett Milliner); (22) Digital story (re)telling using graded readers and smartphones (Kazumichi Enokida); (23) HR4EU--a web portal for e-learning of Croatian (Matea Filko, Daša Farkaš, and Diana Hriberski); (24) Synchronous tandem language learning in a MOOC context: a study on task design and learner performance (Marta Fondo Garcia and Christine Appel); (25) What students think and what they actually do in a mobile assisted language learning context: new insights for self-directed language learning in higher education (Gustavo Garcia Botero and Frederik Questier); (26) An Audio-Lexicon Spanish-Nahuatl: using technology to promote and disseminate a native Mexican language (Rafael García-Mencía, Aurelio López-López, and Angélica Muñoz Meléndez; (27) The use of interactive whiteboards: enhancing the nature of teaching young language learners (Christina Nicole Giannikas); (28) A pre-mobility eTandem project for incoming international students at the University of Padua (Lisa Griggio and Edit Rózsavölgyi); (29) Can a "shouting" digital game help learners develop oral fluency in a second language? (Jennica Grimshaw, Walcir Cardoso, and David Waddington); (30) Feedback visualization in a grammar-based e-learning system for German: a preliminary user evaluation with the COMPASS system (Karin Harbusch and Annette Hausdörfer); (31) The multimodality of lexical explanation sequences during videoconferenced pedagogical interaction (Benjamin Holt); (32) Automatic dialogue scoring for a second language learning system (Jin-Xia Huang, Kyung-Soon Lee, Oh-Woog Kwon, and Young-Kil Kim); (33) Effects of task-based videoconferencing on speaking performance and overall proficiency (Atsushi Iino, Yukiko Yabuta, and Yoichi Nakamura); (34) Tellecollaborative games for youngsters: impact on motivation (Kristi Jauregi); (35) The Exercise: an Exercise generator tool for the SOURCe project (Kryni Kakoyianni-Doa, Eleni Tziafa, and Athanasios Naskos); (36) Students' perceptions of online apprenticeship projects at a university (Hisayo Kikuchi); (37) The effects of multimodality through storytelling using various movie clips (SoHee Kim); (38) Collaboration through blogging: the development of writing and speaking skills in ESP courses (Angela Kleanthous and Walcir Cardoso); (39) Cultivating a community of learners in a distance learning postgraduate course for language professionals (Angelos Konstantinidis and Cecilia Goria); (40) Task-oriented spoken dialog system for second-language learning (Oh-Woog Kwon, Young-Kil Kim, and Yunkeun Lee); (41) Promoting multilingual communicative competence through multimodal academic learning situations (Anna Kyppö and Teija Natri); (42) Teacher professional learning: developing with the aid of technology (Marianna Kyprianou and Eleni Nikiforou); (43) Quizlet: what the students think--a qualitative data analysis (Bruce Lander); (44) "Just facebook me": a study on the integration of Facebook into a German language curriculum (Vera Leier and Una Cunningham); (45) A survey on Chinese students' online English language learning experience through synchronous web conferencing classrooms (Chenxi Li); (46) Identifying and activating receptive vocabulary by an online vocabulary survey and an online writing task (Ivy Chuhui Lin and Goh Kawai); (47) Exploring learners' perceptions of the use of digital letter games for language learning: the case of Magic Word (Mathieu Loiseau, Cristiana Cervini, Andrea Ceccherelli, Monica Masperi, Paola Salomoni, Marco Roccetti, Antonella Valva, and Francesca Bianco); (48) Game of Words: prototype of a digital game focusing on oral production (and comprehension) through asynchronous interaction (Mathieu Loiseau, Racha Hallal, Pauline Ballot, and Ada Gazidedja); (49) PETALL in action: latest developments and future directions of the EU-funded Pan-European Task Activities for Language Learning (António Lopes); (50) Exploring EFL learners' lexical application in AWE-based writing (Zhihong Lu and Zhenxiao Li); (51) Mobile-assisted language learning and language learner autonomy (Paul A. Lyddon); (52) YELL/TELL: online community platform for teacher professional development (Ivana Marenzi, Maria Bortoluzzi, and Rishita Kalyani); (53) Leveraging automatic speech recognition errors to detect challenging speech segments in TED talks (Maryam Sadat Mirzaei, Kourosh Meshgi, and Tatsuya Kawahara); (54) Investigating the affective learning in a 3D virtual learning environment: the case study of the Chatterdale mystery (Judith Molka-Danielsen, Stella Hadjistassou, and Gerhilde Messl-Egghart); (55) Are commercial "personal robots" ready for language learning? Focus on second language speech (Souheila Moussalli and Walcir Cardoso); (56) The Digichaint interactive game as a virtual learning environment for Irish (Neasa Ni Chiaráin and Ailbhe Ní Chasaide); (57) Mingling students' cognitive abilities and learning strategies to transform CALL (Efi Nisiforou and Antigoni Parmaxi); (58) Taking English outside of the classroom through social networking: reflections on a two-year project (Louise Ohashi); (59) Does the usage of an online EFL workbook conform to Benford's law? (Mikolaj Olszewski, Kacper Lodzikowski, Jan Zwolinski, Rasil Warnakulasooriya, and Adam Black); (60) Implications on pedagogy as a result of adopted CALL practices (James W. Pagel and Stephen G. Lambacher); (61) Exploring the benefits and disadvantages of introducing synchronous to asynchronous online technologies to facilitate flexibility in learning (Salomi Papadima-Sophocleous and Fernando Loizides); (62) A CALL for evolving teacher education through 3D microteaching (Giouli Pappa and Salomi Papadima-Sophocleous); (63) Physicality and language learning (Jaeuk Park, Paul Seedhouse, Rob Comber, and Jieun Kiaer); (64) Designing strategies for an efficient language MOOC (Maria Perifanou); (65) Worldwide state of language MOOCs (Maria Perifanou); (66) A Spanish-Finnish telecollaboration: extending intercultural competence via videoconferencing (Pasi Puranen and Ruby Vurdien); (67) Developing oral interaction skills with a digital information gap activity game (Avery Rueb, Walcir Cardoso, and Jennica Grimshaw); (68) Using WebQuests as idea banks for fostering autonomy in online language courses (Shirin Sadaghian and S. Susan Marandi); (69) Integrating mobile technologies into very young second language learners' curriculum (Gulnara Sadykova, Gulnara Gimaletdinova, Liliia Khalitova, and Albina Kayumova); (70) Investigating commercially available technology for language learners in higher education within the high functioning disability spectrum (Georgia Savvidou and Fernando Loizides); (71) Learning languages in 3D worlds with Machinima (Christel Schneider); (72) What are more effective in English classrooms: textbooks or podcasts? (Jaime Selwood, Joe Lauer, and Kazumichi Enokida); (73) Mind the gap: task design and technology in novice language teachers' practice (Tom F. H. Smits, Margret Oberhofer, and Jozef Colpaert); (74) Language immersion in the self-study mode e-course (Olga Sobolev); (75) Aligning out-of-class material with curriculum: tagging grammar in a mobile music application (Ross Sundberg and Walcir Cardoso); (76) Meeting the technology standards for language teachers (Cornelia Tschichold); (77) Mobile-assisted language learning community and culture in French-speaking Belgium: the teachers' perspective (Julie Van de Vyver); (78) Classification of Swedish learner essays by CEFR levels (Elena Volodina, Ildikó Pilán, and David Alfter); (79) Mobile assisted language learning and mnemonic mapping--the loci method revisited (Ikumi Waragai, Marco Raindl, Tatsuya Ohta, and Kosuke Miyasaka); (80) CALL and less commonly taught languages--still a way to go (Monica Ward); (81) Demystifying pronunciation with animation (Monica Ward); (82) The effects of utilizing corpus resources to correct collocation errors in L2 writing--Students' performance, corpus use and perceptions (Yi-ju Wu); (83) A social constructionist approach to teaching and learning vocabulary for Italian for academic purposes (Eftychia Xerou, Salomi Papadima-Sophocleous, and Antigoni Parmaxi); (84) Flip-J: development of the system for flipped jigsaw supported language learning (Masanori Yamada, Yoshiko Goda, Kojiro Hata, Hideya Matsukawa, and Seisuke Yasunami); and (85) "Check your Smile", prototype of a collaborative LSP website for technical vocabulary (Nadia Yassine-Diab, Charlotte Alazard-Guiu, Mathieu Loiseau, Laurent Sorin, and Charlotte Orliac). An author index is included. (Individual papers contain references.)

The 25th European Association of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (EUROCALL) conference was hosted by Modern Languages and Linguistics at the University of Southampton, in the United Kingdom, from the 23rd to the 26th of August 2017. The theme of the conference was "CALL in a climate of change." The theme encompassed the notion of how practice and research in CALL is responding to shifting global circumstances which impact education, including developments arising from economic, political, or environmental change. It cut across areas including considerations for teacher training, competitive educational models, open education, new models for blended learning, collaboration, mobile learning, creative and innovative pedagogy, data analytics, students' needs and sustainability--and crucially, it looked to the future with optimism. The programme was packed with over 200 sessions related to this topic, and it included a large number of workshops, pecha kucha, posters, and symposia. This volume offers a snapshot of this dynamic landscape and contains 60 of the papers presented. This volume reflects the wide variety of topics featured at the conference and the high quality of contributions. (Individual papers contain references.)

This document contains two papers on globalization versus localization from ICCE/ICCAI 2000 (International Conference on Computers in Education/International Conference on Computer-Assisted Instruction). The first paper, "Implementing Modern Approaches to Teaching Computer Science: A Cross-Cultural Perspective" (Jill Slay and Kam W. Li), examines techniques that may be used to motivate and support computer science learning, focusing on implications for Asia and particularly for mainland China. The second paper, "Reflections on Educational Technology from Female Asian Faculty's (FAF) Perspectives" (Doris Lee, Amy S.C. Leh, Mei-Yan Lu, and Mei-Yau Shih), presents the perspectives of four panelists (four female Asian faculty members) on how the instructional technology field has influenced current faculty development, corporate training, in-service teacher education, and pre-service teacher education. (MES)

This document contains the following full and short papers on special education from ICCE/ICCAI 2000 (International Conference on Computers in Education/International Conference on Computer-Assisted Instruction): (1) "Automated Quantitative Extraction Method of Aesthetic Impression from Color Images Using the Tone in the HLS Muncell Color Space" (Toshinori Yamasaki, Tetsuo Hattori, and Yukihiro Matsubara); (2) "Present State and Future Direction of Woman Informatization Education in Korea" (In-Hwan Yoo, Chul-Hyun Lee, Soo-Bum Shin, and Tae-Wuk Lee); (3) "Research on Teaching Da-Yi Chinese Keyboarding by Using Adaptive Input Interface" (Ming-Chung Chen, Hwa-Pey Wang, and Lih-Ching Chen Wang); and (4) "The Effectiveness of Integrating Adaptive Computer Device and Stimulus Fading Strategy on Word-Recognition for Students with Moderate Mental Retardation" (Ming-Chung Chen, Tien-Yu Li, Hwa-Pey Wang, and Kou-Ping Yang). (MES)

This document contains the following full and short papers on humanities and learning technology from ICCE/ICCAI 2000 (International Conference on Computers in Education/International Conference on Computer-Assisted Instruction): (1) "A Web-Based EFL Writing Environment: Integrating Information for Learners, Teachers, and Researchers" (David Wible, Chin-Hwa Kuo, Anne Liu, and Nai-Lung Tsao); (2) "Integrating Web-Based Materials into Course Design" (Lilly Lee Chen); (3) "Is Everyone on Board: Learning Styles and the Internet" (Michelle Hsiang, Ellen Storey Vasu, Marsha Alibrand, Nancy Atkins, and Jane Steelman); (4) "Research on Teaching Da-Yi Chinese Keyboarding by Using Adaptive Input Interface" (Ming-Chung Chen, Hwa-Pey Wang, and Lih-Ching Chen Wang); (5) "Strategies for Searching in the WWW" (Meng-Jung Tsai); (5) "The Internet-Based Educational Resources of the U.S. Federal Government" (Andy Wang and Krishelle Leong-Grotz); and (6) "Which Chinese Input Methods Is More Suitable for Sixth-Grade Pupils? Keyboarding or Non-Keyboarding" (Weichung Wang and Tainshu Ma). (MES)

Papers in this issue include the following: "Code-Mixing in Hongkong Cantonese-English Bilinguals: Constraints and Processes" (Brian Chan Hok-shing); "Information on Quantifiers and Argument Structure in English Learner's Dictionaries" (Thomas Hun-tak Lee); "Systematic Variability: In Search of a Linguistic Explanation" (Gladys Tang); "Aspect Licensing and Verb Movement in Mandarin Chinese" (Gu Yang); and "Intuitive Judgments of Hong Kong Signers About the Relationship of Sign Language Varieties in Hong Kong and Shanghai" (James Woodward). (JL)

Papers in this volume include the following: "Constraints on Dative Acquisition by Chinese ESL Learners" (Hua Dong Fan); "The Learnability of Locality Conditions on Quantification" (Thomas Lee); "Do Learning Environments Make a Difference? A Study on the Acquisition of the English Interrogatives by Three Types of Cantonese Classroom Learners" (Gladys Tang); "The Stress Patterns of Nonsense English Words of Cantonese-speaking ESL Learners" (Cathy Wong); "Relative Complexity: Beyond Avoidance: (Virginia Yip and Stephen Matthews); and "The Interpretation of Linguistic Signs and the Role of Inference" (Cheng Yumin). (Author/JL)

This paper highlights the developments in teaching methods in China in the era of the post-Cultural Revolution, and explains how these methods grew out of educational experimentation during the Yenan period. The Yenan period followed the historic "long march, "when Mao Tse-tung and the People's Liberation Army (PLA) established their base in Shensi province. At that time, a school was established characterized by political education, firm leadership, integration of theory with practice, and simplified curriculum. The basic method of teaching was the enlightenment method, an inquiry process involving initial questions and group discussion to develop answers. Many of these practices are now prevalent in Chinese schools. Political education stressing Maoist teachings is of primary importance and begins in the fourth grade. Schools are run by workers, revolutionary cadres, and local PLA Units. Curriculum is related to needs of individual communities. Productive labor is emphasized as well as book learning, a concept which helps produce a classless society. The teacher's authority is not absolute; traditional respect for teachers' intellectual superiority is no longer acceptable. This has created a need to re-educate teachers to have an ideological outlook consistent with Maoist tenets. Problems arising from this change include class discipline and blending Maoist thought into all lesson content. (Author/AV)

A description of "barefoot doctors" in the People's Republic of China is presented. These peasant doctors are commune workers who have taken basic courses in medical treatment. Because 80% of the population lives in a rural agricultural setting, and because most doctors and medical services are located in cities, there is a serious need for medical personnel in the rural areas of the country. After Chairman Mao declared in 1965 that emphasis in medical and health work should be stressed in rural areas, preparation of "barefoot doctors" began. They are selected by fellow commune workers on the basis of intelligence, educational level, desire to become doctors, and will to serve the commune. They can be of any age or sex. All undergo three to six months formal training in either a commune hospital, agricultural college, or medical college. This is followed by on the job training. Courses include anatomy, physiology, pathology, acupuncture, and medicinal herbs. Basic responsibilities are environmental sanitation and preventive medicine. They supervise collection, treatment, storage, and use of human excrement for fertilizer; spraying of pesticides; and storage of drinking water. They dispense first aid, immunizations, and health examinations; and decide when a person should be sent to the commune hospital. (Author/AV)

The controversy surrounding the Chinese film "Pioneers" is analyzed and presented as a case study of a film caught in the recent two-line struggle in literature and art in the People's Republic of China. Within the history of the arts in China, there has been a difference of opinion between those in favor of the continued portrayal of bourgeois themes and those who believe in the exclusive depiction of the struggles of the worker. Those two opposing views have come to be called the two-line struggle in literature and art. "Pioneers" is a feature length film documenting the successful establishment of a model revolutionary industrial community near Siberia. It was filmed in the early 1970s at the suggestion of Premier Chou En-lai. However, upon its completion in 1975, its release was banned by Chiang Ch'ing, Mao's wife, whom he had made overseer of all fine arts productions. She condemned the film for glorifying the achievements of specific individuals. Mao disagreed with her decision, but she persisted in keeping the film and its producers under surveillance. Since the arrest of Chiang Ch'ing in October 1976, Mao's successor has allowed the film to be released. Perhaps this indicates his support of Chou En-lai and Mao or perhaps he sees no serious errors in revolutionary thought in the film's content. (Author/AV)

As an introduction to the role of children's literature in the People's Republic of China, the author provides an overview of the content and themes of Chinese children's literature. The role of amateur writers is discussed and popular works of Chinese children's literature are summarized. The author also contrasts content and objectives of children's literature in China and the United States. Chinese teaching style, which emphasizes political education, publicizes models for emulation and fosters the ideology of collectivism. The American teaching style publicizes creativity, individual worth and gain, and fosters the ideology of capitalism. Eight stories for Chinese children are identified and summarized. All stress the children's contribution to protecting collective property and fighting against imperialism. The books are very inexpensive and are therefore accessible to the working class. In local communities, individual storytellers often become well known for helping to instill proper political and moral values. Books and storytellers both illustrate a basic belief, stemming from Mao's ideas, that influencing and shaping attitudes is by far the most important task of teachers and schools. (Author/AV)

The document analyzes Mao Tse-Tung's "Three Main Rules of Discipline" and "Eight Points For Attention" and presents, by way of comparison, the text of the "Code of Conduct" issued by the President of the United States for members of the armed forces during the Vietnam War. Mao's regulations were revised by the General Headquarters of the Chinese People's Liberation Army in 1947 as follows: obey orders in all your actions, do not take a single needle or piece of thread from masses, and turn in everything captured. The "Eight Points for Attention" were revised to include the following: (1) speak politely, (2) pay fairly for what you buy, (3) return everything you borrow, (4) pay for anything you damage, (5) do not hit or swear at people, (6) do not damage crops, (7) do not take liberties with women, and (8) do not abuse captives. The "Code of Conduct" for American soldiers, intended to inform them of behavior expected of them during war time, contains six statements: I am prepared to give my life in defense of my country; I will never surrender of my own free will; if captured, I will continue to resist; if I become a prisoner of war, I will keep faith with my fellow prisoners; when questioned, I will make no statements disloyal to my country; and I will never forget that I am an American fighting man. (Author/DB)

The 22nd EUROCALL conference was held at the University of Padova from the 26th to the 29th of August 2015, the first time that EUROCALL has been held in Italy. The event was organized in collaboration with the University Language Centre and the support of the Department of Political Science, Law and International Studies. Over 300 delegates travelled from over 37 different countries to attend. The theme of the conference this year was Critical CALL, drawing inspiration from the work carried out in the broader field of Critical Applied Linguistics. The term "critical" has many possible interpretations, and as Pennycook (2001) outlines, has many concerns. It was from these that the conference theme was decided, in particular the notion that assumptions that lie at the basis of a field's praxis should be questioned, ideas that have become "naturalized" and are not called into question. Another concern of Critical Applied Linguistics is the relationship between the macro and the micro, an engagement with issues of power and inequality and an understanding of how classrooms and conversations are related to broader social, cultural and political relations. Over 200 presentations were delivered in 68 different sessions, both in English and Italian, on topics related specifically to the theme and also more general CALL topics. 94 of these were submitted as extended papers and appear in this volume of proceedings. An author index is included. (Individual papers contain references.)

This document contains three papers on global knowledge transfer issues and human resource development (HRD). "Indigenizing Knowledge Transfer" (Gary N. McLean) explores examples of HRD in which ethnocentric perspectives predominate and argues that, unless a HRD develops a global perspective, efforts to transfer knowledge within academia and corporate HRD settings are nearly certain to fail. "How to Develop Human Resources: Technical Rationality or Social Moral Responsibility? A Comparison of Western and Chinese Human Resource Theory and Practice" (Baiyin Yang, De Zhang) proposes a theoretical framework for cross-cultural study in organizational behavior and uses the framework to compare U.S. and Chinese human resource theory and practice. The study demonstrates that Chinese managerial philosophy is centered on social morality whereas U.S. managerial philosophy is characterized as technical rationality. "Enhancing Commitment and Overcoming the Knowing-Doing Gap: A Case Study at the Technikon Northern Gauteng (TNG) in South Africa" (Hilda Martens, Jan Verhagen) reports on a case study during which a social constructionist framework was used to examine the problem of overcoming the knowing-doing gap and increasing commitment in an action research at a South African tertiary educational institution. All three papers include substantial bibliographies. (MN)

This volume contains papers submitted to the 10th Annual Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society, held in Kyustendil, Bulgaria, 12-15 June 2012. The overall goal of the 10th BCES conference is to facilitate discussion of different perspectives on international education providing a forum for scientific debate and constructive interaction in a multi cultural social environment such as Bulgaria. This is a jubilee conference. Ten might not mean too much for large scholarly societies in other countries, especially in the Western world. However, for a small society like BCES, ten means a lot. It means trust, international recognition, constant interest, well-developed academic cooperation, and the most important--it means an established conference tradition. The following papers are included in this volume: (1) Foreword: Remembering the Past--Anticipating the Future: Reflections on the BCES's Jubilee Conference (Karen L. Biraimah); (2) Editorial Preface: An Established Conference Tradition (Nikolay Popov, Charl Wolhuter, Bruno Leutwyler, Gillian Hilton, James Ogunleye, and Patrícia Albergaria Almeida; and (3) Introduction: A Framework for Understanding International Perspectives on Education (Alexander W. Wiseman). Part 1: Comparative Education & History of Education: (4) Also a door to the inside of a new house --yet another use for Comparative Education (Charl Wolhuter); (5) Structures of School Systems Worldwide: A Comparative Study (Nikolay Popov); (6) The Role of Comparative Pedagogy in the Training of Pedagogues in Serbia and Slovenia (Vera Spasenovic, Natasa Vujisic Zivkovic, and Klara Skubic Ermenc); (7) Konstantinos G. Karras & Evanthia Synodi Comparative and International Education and the teaching profession. The case of Marc-Antoine Jullien (Konstantinos G. Karras and Evanthia Synodi); (8) Comparing management models of secondary schools in Tamaulipas, Mexico: An exploration with a Delphi method (Marco Aurelio Navarro-Leal, Concepción Niño García, and Ma. Luisa Caballero Saldivar); (9) Classroom and Socialization: a case study through an action-research in Crete, Greece (Pella Calogiannakis and Theodoros Eleftherakis); (10) E-learning, State and Educational System in Middle East Countries (Hamid Rashidi, Abbas Madandar Arani, and Lida Kakia); (11) Approaches to internal testing and assessment of knowledge in relation to the pupils' achievements in national assessment of knowledge (Amalija Žakelj, Milena Ivanuš Grmek, and Franc Cankar); (12) The Stereotypes in Pupil's Self Esteem (Franc Cankar, Amalija Žakelj, and Milena Ivanuš Grmek); (13) Insecure identities: Unaccompanied minors as refugees in Hamburg (Joachim Schroeder); (14) The origins of religion as an historical conundrum: pedagogical and research methodological implications and challenges (Johannes L. van der Walt and Ferdinand J. Potgieter); (15) A brief overview of the history of education in Poland (Katarzyna Charzynska, Marta Anczewska, and Piotr Switaj); (16) "Everybody is given a chance, my boy … everybody who is willing to work for socialism": An Overview of English Textbooks in the Postwar Period in Hungary (Zsolt Dózsa); and (17) Situated literacy practices amongst artisans in the South West of Nigeria: developmental and pedagogical implications (Gordon O. Ade-Ojo, Mike Adeyeye, and F. Fagbohun). Part 2: Pre-Service and In-Service Teacher Training: (18) Constructivist Foundations of Intercultural Education: Implications for Research and Teacher Training (Bruno Leutwyler, Danijela S. Petrovic, and Carola Mantel; (19) Theory in Teacher Education: Students' views (Leonie G. Higgs); (20) Policy and practice of pre-service and in-service teacher training programmes and facilities in Nigeria (Stephen Adebanjo Oyebade); (21) Student Perceptions of the Distance Education Mode Compared with Face-to-Face Teaching in the University Distance Education Programme (Claudio Rafael Vásquez Martínez, Graciela Girón, and Antonio Ayón Bañuelos); (22) Environmental Education: From the Perspective of Scientific Knowledge for Constructivist Learning (Graciela Girón, Claudio Rafael Vásquez Martínez, Juan Sánchez López, and Antonio Ayón Bañuelos); (23) The Competencies of the Modern Teacher (Olga Nessipbayeva); and (24) Pre-service teacher action research: Concept, international trends and implications for teacher education in Turkey (Irem Kizilaslan and Bruno Leutwyler). Part 3: Education Policy, Reforms and School Leadership: (25) Changing policies changing times: initiatives in teacher education in England (Gillian L. S. Hilton); (26) Dealing with Change in Hong Kong Schools using Strategic Thinking Skills (Nicholas Sun-Keung Pang and John Pisapia); (27) Institutions' Espoused Values Perceived by Chinese Educational Leaders (Nicholas Sun-Keung Pang and Ting Wang); (28) Social Service Community Education as an area of training and participation for social development (Amelia Molina García); (29) English Language Education Policy in Colombia and Mexico (Ruth Roux); (30) Compensatory Programs in Mexico to Reduce the Educational Gap (Emma Leticia Canales Rodríguez and Tiburcio Moreno Olivos); (31) Changing times, Changing roles: FE Colleges' perceptions of their changing leadership role in contemporary UK politico-economic climate (Aaron A. R. Nwabude and Gordon Ade-Ojo); (32) Role perceptions and job stress among special education school principals: Do they differ from principals of regular schools? (Haim H. Gaziel, Yael Cohen-Azaria, and Klara Skubic Ermenc); (33) Multiculturalism: challenge or reality (Olivera Knezevic Floric and Stefan Ninkovic); (34) Privatization of higher education in Nigeria: Critical Issues (Phillips Olayide Okunola and Simeon Adebayo Oladipo); (35) Policies and initiatives: reforming teacher education in Nigeria (Martha Nkechinyere Amadi); and (36) Leadership in Educational Institutions (Esmeralda Sunko). Part 4: Higher Education, Lifelong Learning and Social Inclusion: (37) Validation of skills, knowledge and experience in lifelong learning in Europe (James Ogunleye); (38) Empowering women with domestic violence experience (Marta Anczewska, Joanna Roszczynska-Michta, Justyna Waszkiewicz, Katarzyna Charzynska, and Czeslaw Czabala); (39) Sixty Five Years of University Education in Nigeria: Some Key Cross Cutting Issues (Aloy Ejiogu and Sheidu Sule); (40) Brain Drain in Higher Education: Lost Hope or Opportunity? (George Odhiambo); (41) Searching for the Dividends of Religious Liberty: Who Benefits and Who Pays? (Donald B. Holsinger); (42) More than Mere Law: Freedom of Religion or Belief (Ellen S. Holsinger); (43) Intergenerational Learning in the Family (Sabina Jelenc Krašovec and Sonja Kump); (44) Students' Views on Important Learning Experiences--Challenges Related to Ensuring Quality of Studies (Barbara Šteh and Jana Kalin); (45) Campus life: The impact of external factors on emotional health of students (Dalena Vogel); (46) Education and Lifelong Learning in Romania--Perspectives of the Year 2020 (Veronica Adriana Popescu, Gheorghe N. Popescu, and Cristina Raluca Popescu); (47) Scientific reputation and "the golden standards": quality management system impact and the teaching-research nexus (Luminita Moraru); (48) The implementation of the Validation of Acquired Experience (VAE) in France would be a cultural revolution in higher education training? (Pascal Lafont); (49) Hilary English Transition of students from economically disadvantaged backgrounds to research led Universities (Hilary English); (50) Attitudes of Parents towards Contemporary Female Higher Education (Miss Shamaas Gul Khattak); (51) Structured Peer Mentoring: Enhancing Lifelong Learning in Pakistani Universities (Nosheen Rachel Naseem); (52) The Rise of Private Higher Education in Jamaica: Neo-liberalism at Work? (Chad O. Coates); (53) Educational Developments in the British West Indies: A Historical Overview (Chad O. Coates); (54) Focus Learning Support: Rising to Educational Challenges (Elizabeth Achinewhu-Nworgu, Gertrude Shotte, and Queen Chioma Nworgu); (55) Distance Education in Higher Education in Latvia (Daina Vasilevska); (56) Evidence-based research study of the Russian vocational pedagogy and education motivational potential in the internationalisation projection (Oksana Chigisheva); (57) Healthy lifestyle formation within the extra-curricular activities of students at universities (Saltanat Tazhbayeva) [title provided in English and Bulgarian, abstract in English and paper in Bulgarian]; (58) Management based organisation of school's educational process (Tursynbek Baimoldayev) [title provided in English and Bulgarian, abstract in English and paper in Bulgarian]; (59) Modernization of higher education in the context of the Bologna Process in the Republic of Kazakhstan (Sanim Kozhayeva) [title provided in English and Bulgarian, abstract in English and paper in Bulgarian]; and (60) About the problem of self-definition of personality (G. T. Hairullin and G. S. Saudabaeva) [title provided in English and Bulgarian, abstract in English and paper in Bulgarian]. Part 5: Learning and Teaching Styles: (61) Learning Styles and Disciplinary Fields: is there a relationship? (Patrícia Albergaria Almeida); (62) ICT competences for teachers in 21st Century--a design framework for science primary teacher education courses (Cecília Guerra, António Moreira, and Rui Marques Vieira); (63) Teacher Education in the context of international cooperation: the case of East Timor (Patrícia Albergaria Almeida, Mariana Martinho, and Betina Lopes); (64) How would Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) Enhance Assessment for Learning Mathematics by the Special Education Needs Students (SENs) in Secondary Education Sector (Aaron A. R. Nwabude); (65) A gender perspective on student questioning upon the transition to Higher Education (Mariana Martinho, Patrícia Albergaria Almeida, and José Teixeira-Dias); (66) Student-Centred Learning: A Dream or Reality (Sandra Ozola); (67) Problems of development of E-Learning content in historical education on the Republic of Kazakhstan (Gabit Kapezovich ?enzhebayev, Saule Hairullovna Baidildina, and Tenlik Toktarbekovna Dalayeva) [title provided in English and Bulgarian, abstract in English and paper in Bulgarian]; and (68) The world pedagogical idea in the context of comparison: Confucius--Al Farabi--Ibn Sina--Balasaguni (Aigerim Kosherbayeva, Kulmeskhan Abdreimova, and Asem Anuarbek) [title provided in English and Bulgarian, abstract in English and paper in Bulgarian]. A list of contributors in included. (Individual papers contain references.)

"Proceedings of International Conference on Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology" includes full papers presented at the International Conference on Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology (ICEMST) which took place on May 18-21, 2023 in Cappadocia, Turkey. The aim of the conference is to offer opportunities to share ideas, to discuss theoretical and practical issues and to connect with the leaders in the fields of education. The conference is organized annually by the International Society for Technology, Education, and Science (ISTES). The ICEMST invites submissions which address the theory, research or applications in all disciplines of education. The ICEMST is organized for: faculty members in all disciplines of education, graduate students, K-12 administrators, teachers, principals and all interested in education. After peer-reviewing process, all full papers are published in the Conference Proceedings. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

"Proceedings of International Conference on Social and Education Sciences" includes full papers presented at the International Conference on Social and Education Sciences (IConSES), which took place on October 13-16, 2022, in Austin, Texas. The aim of the conference is to offer opportunities to share ideas, discuss theoretical and practical issues, and to connect with the leaders in the fields of education and social sciences. The IConSES invites submissions that address the theory, research, or applications in all disciplines of education and social sciences. The IConSES is organized for: faculty members in all disciplines of education and social sciences, graduate students, K-12 administrators, teachers, principals, and all interested in education and social sciences. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

The UNESCO International Meeting on Innovation and Excellence in TVET Teacher Education took place in Hangzhou/China in November 2004. The main aim of this conference was to establish a platform for discussion about improving the quality of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET). The focal point was the development and implementation of an international Master Degree Standard in teacher and trainer education in TVET. One year later, in December 2005 the conference, from which this book derives its content, entitled "Development and Implementation of a Master Degree Standard for Teacher and Trainer Education in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in East and South East Asia," took place at the University of Tianjin in China. This conference represents an outcome of the close cooperation between InWEnt--Capacity Building International of Germany, the Ministry of Education (MoE) Beijing in China and the UNESCO-UNEVOC, International Centre for TVET, from Bonn in Germany, and set a precedent for the further development of Master degree programmes in TVET. At the conference, various existing Master degree programmes were discussed in the context of the international framework developed in Hangzhou. Thus, the structure and content of Master degree programmes of Asian universities were introduced and discussed with particular regard to the implementation of the international framework together with broader aspects of provision impacting on TVET. The book begins with key note papers which provide the reader with the (political) background to current developments in TVET. The subsequent three chapters summarise nineteen papers delivered by participants from different countries. Significant threads emerging from the conference presentations included debate and critical analysis of the identification of training needs, based on recent research findings and empirical evidence. In addition, discussions illustrated how standards in teacher and trainer education in TVET within the international Master Degree Standard could be implemented under different national and often frequently changing policy contexts. Following a preamble and editors' preface, the following key notes and papers are presented: (1) Importance of Developing and Implementing an International Master Degree Standard for Teacher and Trainer Education in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (Rupert Maclean); (2) Capacity Building in TVET Staff Development in the Context of International Cooperation (Harry Stolte); (3) Increasing the Profile and Professionalisation of the Education of TVET Teachers and Trainers (Felix Rauner and Joachim Dittrich); (4) The International Framework Curriculum for a Master's Degree in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET): A Case Study of the Implementation of a Joint European-Asian Masters Degree Programme in TVET (Frank Bunnin and Klaus Jenewein); (5) International Master Degree in Technical Teacher Education: The Case of Islamic University of Technology (IUT) (Che Kum Clement); (6) Problems and Perspectives of Master's Degree Programmes for In-Service TVET Teachers: A Case Study at Tongji University (Zhang Jianrong and Le Yanyan); (7) Case Study: Example of Internationalisation through Development of a Master's Degree Dual Award between Anglia Ruskin University, UK and Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany (Gordon Bellamy and Frank Bunning); (8) On Problems and Countermeasures in TVET Master Education (Wang Wei-Bo and Diao Zhe-Jun); (9) Vocational Disciplines--What Could a General Framework Look Like? (Joachim Dittrich); (10) Modular TVET-Teacher-Training-System, Based on Teacher-Qualification-Standards--A Proposal of UNIP (Peter Gerds and Zhi-Qun Zhao); (11) Research for TVET Policy Development (Jon Lauglo); (12) Modular Employment Oriented Curriculum Development (Harry Stolte); (13) In-Service TVET Teacher Education and Training for Sustainable Development (Eb Trowe); (14) General Survey of a Sino-German Training Project for Teachers of Vocational Education (Wu Quanquan); (15) Virtual Learning Infrastructures for Process-Oriented Qualification of Teachers and Trainers in Germany (Gert Zinke); (16) Virtual Learning Community: A New Approach to Teacher Professional Development--Reflective Research into an eLearning Program of Intercultural Collaboration between China and the United Kingdom (Bangxiang Liu); (17) Experience and Perspective of the University-Based International Cooperation and Research (Tao Qiuyan, Gao Lin, and Bao Jie); and (18) VET from the Viewpoint of the Enterprises--New Challenges for Companies and Training Institutions (Winfried Heusinger). Appended is: International Conference on "Development and Implementation of a Master Degree Standard for Teacher and Trainer Education in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in East and South East Asia." (Individual papers contain references.) [This imprint was prepared by UNESCO-UNEVOC International Centre for Technical and Vocational Education and Training and published by InWEnt--Internationale Weiterbildung und Entwicklung gGmbH.]

This document contains the following papers on international issues from the SITE (Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education) 2001 conference: (1) "Attitudes of Malaysian Vocational Trainee Teachers towards the Integration of Computer in Teaching" (Ab. Rahim Bakar and Shamsiah Mohamed); (2) "Views from an Asian Bridge: How International Students See Us and Still Survive" (Richard Cornell and others); (3) "Creating Virtual Learning Communities in Africa: Issues and Challenges" (Osei K. Darkwa); (4) "ICTs for Learning: An International Perspective on the Irish Initiative" (Eileen Freeman and others); (5) "An In-Service Program in Applied Linguistics for Language Teachers" (Diana Jenkins and others); (6) "Virtual Exchange Program: Coming to a Computer Near You?" (Chris Junghans); (7) "An Overview of Information Technology on K-12 Education in Taiwan" (Greg Lee and Cheng-Chih Wu); (8) "Findings from the Project for the Longitudinal Assessment of New Information Technologies (PLANIT): 2000-2001" (Cesar Morales and others); (9) "Evaluation of the Girls Research Opportunities in Computing (Girls R.O.C.)" (A. Dale Mangoun and Charlotte H. Owens); (10) "Teacher and Student Attitudes toward Computers, 1999-2000: Findings from a Suburban Texas School District" (Gerald Knezek and Rhonda Christensen); (11) "Teachers and Students' Attitudes toward Computers in Mexico: Results of Phase 2000" (Cesareo Morales); (12) "Preservice Teachers' Attitudes toward Information Technology in Brunei" (Mint Swe Khine); (13) "Findings from Thailand for the Longitudinal Assessment of New Information Technologies" (Nanta Palitawanont); (14) "Multimedia in Chinese Elementary Schools" (John Ronghua Ouyang and James E. Yao); (15) "An Instrument To Measure Malaysian Teachers' IT Preparedness" (Wong Su Luan and others); (16) "An In-Service Program for Ecuadorian Teachers. The Innovation of Elementary Education in the Santa Elena Peninsula Project" (Martin Valcke and Katherine M. Chiluiza); and (17) "Critical Kiwi Chronicles: Technology and Teacher Education in New Zealand" (Cameron White). An abstract of the following paper is also included: "An Introductory Internet Skills Program for Teacher Education: Or from Practice to Theory: A Case Study" (Cameron Richards and Mita Bhattacharya). Most papers contain references. (MES)

This document contains the following papers on diversity and international issues from the SITE (Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education) 2001 conference: "Using Technology To Support Teaching for Social Justice in a Preservice Program" (Barbara Beyerbach); "Integrating Technology into a Teacher Education Diversity Course" (Ramona Maile Cutri); "Is Anybody Listening? Inherent but Typically Ignored Problems in Distance Learning" (Paula Furr and Ron McBride); "Integrating Human Impact into a Web-Based Multicultural Course for Teacher Education" (Viola Garcia and Linlin Irene Chen); "Developing Intercultural Understanding via the Internet: Canadian Student Teachers and English Students in China Study World Literature Together" (Jim Greenlaw); "Using Internet Technology To Facilitate Anonymous Communication in World Wide Web Delivered Multiculturalism in Education Courseware" (James G. Izat and others); "Diversity through Co-Operation: Creating and Delivering Content in In-Service Teacher Education" (Monica Johannesen and Leikny Ogrim); "'WorldGate': An Attempt To Close the Digital Divide" (Richard Knecht); "Technology and Social Change: Perceptions of Culturally Diverse University Students" (Shane P. Martin and Edmundo F. Litton); "Identifying School Conditions and Teacher Practices that Have Proven Effective in Increasing Mathematics and Reading Achievement for African American Students and Students in Schools with Substantial Minority Student Populations" (Michael McFraizier and M. Danita Bailey); "Using Technology in Early Childhood Environments To Strengthen Cultural Connections" (Mikki Meadows); "Where is the 'Any Key,' Sir? Experiences of an African Teacher-To-Be" (Guillaume Nel and Liezel Wilkinson); "The Digital Divide in Schools: We Can Make a Difference" (Tamara Pearson and Colleen Swain); "Technology Empowers a Diverse Population of Students: Results from a Technology Professional Development School" (Carrie Thornthwaite); and "Linking up through Solar Energy: The Story of the Gelukwaarts Farm School" (Fred Wilkinson and Annette Wilkinson). Most papers contain references. (MES)

This document contains three papers from a symposium on increasing job satisfaction that was conducted as part of a conference on human resource development (HRD). "A Systematic Model of Job Design by Examining the Organizational Factors Affecting Satisfaction" (Zhichao Cheng, Danyang Yang, Fenglou Liu) reports on a project in which multiple stepwise regression analysis and factor analysis were used to identify the main organizational variables affecting Chinese satisfaction in work design and proceeds to use the identified variables to develop a systematic job design model to improve the Job Characteristics Theory. "Are Managerial Women Getting What They Need to Succeed? A Look at Job Satisfaction" (Julia Morrison Chambers) reports on a national study of job satisfaction and other variables that revealed definite differences between managers and executives that may serve as a basis for the design of incentive and development programs. "An Assessment of the Validity of the Natural Work Goals Profile" (C. Layden Colby, R. Wayne Pace) reports on a study that used a test-retest method to examine the construct validity and reliability of the Natural Work Goals Profile with respect to male junior and mid-level enlisted Army personnel. The papers contain reference sections. (MN)

This volume includes a collection of short papers presented at the second International Virtual Exchange Conference (IVEC) hosted virtually at Newcastle University in September 2020. The contributions address the conference theme, towards digital equity in internationalisation, and offer fresh insights into the current state and future of online intercultural communication and collaborative learning. Providing examples of interdisciplinary, multinational, and multimodal research and pedagogy in virtual exchange from around the world, this book will appeal to educators, administrators, researchers, and internationalisation leads in higher education interested in supporting and implementing virtual exchange. [This content is provided in the format of an e-book. Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

"Proceedings of International Conference on Humanities, Social and Education Sciences" includes full papers presented at the International Conference on Humanities, Social and Education Sciences (iHSES), which took place on April 22-25, 2021, in New York, New York. The aim of the conference is to offer opportunities to share ideas, to discuss theoretical and practical issues, and to connect with the leaders in the fields of "humanities," "education," and "social sciences." The conference is organized annually by the International Society for Technology, Education, and Science (ISTES). The iHSES invites submissions which address the theory, research, or applications in all disciplines of humanities, education, and social sciences. The iHSES is organized for: (1) faculty members in all disciplines of humanities, education, and social sciences; (2) graduate students; (3) K-12 administrators; (4) teachers; (5) principals; and (6) all interested in education and social sciences. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

"Proceedings of International Conference on Social and Education Sciences" includes full papers presented at the International Conference on Social and Education Sciences (IConSES), which took place on October 21-24, 2021, in Chicago, Illinois. The aim of the conference is to offer opportunities to share ideas, discuss theoretical and practical issues, and to connect with the leaders in the fields of education and social sciences. The IConSES invites submissions that address the theory, research, or applications in all disciplines of education and social sciences. The IConSES is organized for: faculty members in all disciplines of education and social sciences, graduate students, K-12 administrators, teachers, principals, and all interested in education and social sciences. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

This book contains a compilation of papers presented at the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2021, organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.), that this year has been converted into a fully Virtual Conference as a result of the ongoing Coronavirus (COVID 19) pandemic. Modern psychology offers a large range of scientific fields where it can be applied. The goal of understanding individuals and groups (mental functions and behavioral standpoints), from this academic and practical scientific discipline, aims ultimately to benefit society. The International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the several areas within the Psychology field, new developments in studies and proposals for future scientific projects. The goal is to offer a worldwide connection between psychologists, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in psychological issues. We take pride in having been able to connect and bring together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. We counted on an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement the view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons there are nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development. InPACT 2021 received 358 submissions, from more than 40 different countries from all over the world, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form of Oral Presentations, Posters and Workshops. 117 submissions (overall, 33% acceptance rate) were accepted for presentation in the conference. The Conference addresses different categories inside Applied Psychology area and papers fit broadly into one of the named themes and sub-themes. This book contains the results of the different researches conducted by authors who focused on what they are passionate about: to study and develop research in areas related to Psychology and its applications. It includes an extensive variety of contributors and presenters that are hereby sharing with us their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. [This document contains the proceedings of the virtual International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2021. The proceedings were published by inScience Press. For the 2020 proceedings, see ED604955.]

"Proceedings of International Conference on Studies in Education and Social Sciences" includes full papers presented at the International Conference on Studies in Education and Social Sciences (ICSES) which took place on November 11-14, 2021 in Antalya, Turkey. The aim of the conference is to offer opportunities to share ideas, to discuss theoretical and practical issues and to connect with the leaders in the fields of education and social sciences. The conference is organized annually by the International Society for Technology, Education, and Science (ISTES). The ICSES invites submissions which address the theory, research or applications in all disciplines of education and social sciences. The ICSES is organized for: faculty members in all disciplines of education and social sciences, graduate students, K-12 administrators, teachers, principals and all interested in education and social sciences. After peer-reviewing process, all full papers are published in the Conference Proceedings. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

"Proceedings of International Conference on Humanities, Social and Education Sciences" includes full papers presented at the International Conference on Humanities, Social and Education Sciences (iHSES) which took place on April 22-25, 2021 in New York, USA-www.ihses.net. The aim of the conference is to offer opportunities to share ideas, to discuss theoretical and practical issues and to connect with the leaders in the fields of humanities, education and social sciences. The conference is organized annually by the International Society for Technology, Education, and Science (ISTES)-www.istes.org. The iHSES invites submissions which address the theory, research or applications in all disciplines of humanities, education and social sciences. The iHSES is organized for: faculty members in all disciplines of humanities, education and social sciences, graduate students, K-12 administrators, teachers, principals and all interested in humanities, education and social sciences. After peer-reviewing process, all full papers are published in the Conference Proceedings.

"Proceedings of International Conference on Studies in Education and Social Sciences" includes full papers presented at the International Conference on Studies in Education and Social Sciences (ICSES) which took place on November 11-14, 2021 in Antalya, Turkey. The aim of the conference is to offer opportunities to share ideas, to discuss theoretical and practical issues and to connect with the leaders in the fields of education and social sciences. The conference is organized annually by the International Society for Technology, Education, and Science (ISTES). The ICSES invites submissions which address the theory, research or applications in all disciplines of education and social sciences. The ICSES is organized for: faculty members in all disciplines of education and social sciences, graduate students, K-12 administrators, teachers, principals and all interested in education and social sciences. After peer-reviewing process, all full papers are published in the Conference Proceedings.

"Proceedings of International Conference on Social and Education Sciences" includes full papers presented at the International Conference on Social and Education Sciences (IConSES)-www.iconses.net which took place on October 21-24, 2021 in Chicago, Illinois, USA. The aim of the conference is to offer opportunities to share ideas, to discuss theoretical and practical issues and to connect with the leaders in the fields of education and social sciences. The conference is organized annually by the International Society for Technology, Education, and Science (ISTES)-www.istes.org. The IConSES invites submissions which address the theory, research or applications in all disciplines of education and social sciences. The IConSES is organized for: faculty members in all disciplines of education and social sciences, graduate students, K-12 administrators, teachers, principals and all interested in education and social sciences. After peer-reviewing process, all full papers are published in the Conference Proceedings.

"Proceedings of International Conference on Humanities, Social and Education Sciences" includes full papers presented at the International Conference on Humanities, Social and Education Sciences (iHSES), which took place on July 15-19, 2020, in Washington, D.C. The aim of the conference is to offer opportunities to share ideas, to discuss theoretical and practical issues, and to connect with the leaders in the fields of "humanities," "education," and "social sciences." The conference is organized annually by the International Society for Technology, Education, and Science (ISTES). The iHSES invites submissions which address the theory, research, or applications in all disciplines of humanities, education, and social sciences. The iHSES is organized for: (1) faculty members in all disciplines of humanities, education, and social sciences; (2) graduate students; (3) K-12 administrators; (4) teachers; (5) principals; and (6) all interested in education and social sciences. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

The papers in this collection discuss the challenges and opportunities inherent in the fundamental reforms under way in the higher education sector in China. The chapters are: (1) "Introduction: Changing Patterns in University Management" (Thomas J. Alexander); (2) "What Is Facing Chinese Higher Education in the New Century?" (Gu Mingyuan); (3) "Academic Freedom and Academic Duty in Chinese Universities" (Shen Hong); (4) "University Autonomy in China-History, Present Situation and Perspective" (Li Xiaoping); (5) "The Theory of Transaction Cost and Choosing Appropriate Reform Models for the Higher Education Administrative System in China" (Yan Fengiao); (6) "Diversification of Sources of Funding and Innovation in Management Methods in Chinese Universities" (Qi Yeguo and Chen Yukan); (7) "The Situation of Education Funds in China and the Establishment of a Tuition Collection System for Graduate Students" (Shen Yan and Du Zhiguo); (8) "Housing Management in Chinas Colleges and Universities" (Zhang Qiming); (9) "How University Research and Industry Should Co-operate and Promote National Economy" (Rong Yonglin); (10) "An Analysis of Innovation in Chinese Higher Education Adaptable to the New Environment" (Yuan Bentao); (11) "Internationalisation: A Challenge for Chinas Higher Education" (Zhang Xiaoming and Xu Hatiao); (12) "Modern Education from a Strategic Viewpoint and Optimisation of the Assessment System" (Dai Xiaoli); and (13) "The Analysis of College and University Employment Costs in China: A Case Study of a Major Chinese University" (Wang Sunyu and Wang Yan). Each paper contains references. (SLD)

This book presents a snapshot of innovative blended learning practices that either stem from the affordances of web 2.0 technologies--Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) and Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)--or illustrate the re-purposing of 'older' ones, like the creation of tailor-made virtual learning environments, to set up telecollaborative projects or Online International Learning (OIL) projects. It is based on the papers presented at the Blending MOOCs into English Language Teacher Training (B-MELTT): Flipping the Blend through MALL, MOOCs, and (Blended) OIL?--?New Directions in CALL symposium held at Coventry University in June 2017. The symposium was supported by funding by a British Council English Language Teaching Research Award (ELTRA). The work presented in this volume can provide some ideas on pedagogically sound ways of blending technology into higher education curriculums to enhance both the digital literacy and the intercultural awareness of all stakeholders involved. Following notes on contributors, acknowledgments, the dedication and preface, this volume contains the following papers: (1) Mobile assistance for personal learning on a massive scale (Agnes Kukulska-Hulme); (2) MOOCs as a new technology: Approaches to normalising the MOOC experience for our learners (Stephen Bax); (3) What our MOOC did next: Embedding, exploiting, and extending an existing MOOC to fit strategic purposes and priorities (Kate Borthwick); (4) Integrating a MOOC into the MA curriculum: An 'expert' student's reflections on blended learning (Minh Tuan Phi); (5) Understanding learner autonomy through MOOC-supported blended learning environments: An investigation into Chinese MA ELT students' beliefs (Yan Jiao); (6) OIL for English for business: The intercultural product pitch (Andrew Preshous, An Ostyn, and Nicole Keng); (7) A role-reversal model of telecollaborative practice: The student-driven and student-managed FloCo (Elwyn Lloyd, Abraham Cerveró-Carrascosa, and Courtney Green); (8) Chinese segmentation and collocation: A platform for blended learning (Simon Smith); and (9) Student-teachers' beliefs concerning the usability of digital flashcards in ELT (Marwa Alnajjar and Billy Brick). An author index is included. Individual papers contain references.

This monograph contains 14 papers on the role of higher education in the developing world stimulated by discussion of that issue in "Higher Education: The Lessons of Experience" (World Bank, 1994). The first two papers offer background on the World Bank paper: "World Bank Traditions of Support to Higher Education and Capacity-Building: Reflections on 'Higher Education: The Lessons of Expereince'" (Kenneth King) and "Shaping the World Bank's Higher Education Paper: Dialogue, Consultation and Conditionality" (Alison Girdwood). The next three papers explore related fundamental issues: "The Implications of Globalisation for Higher Education" (Noel F. McGinn); "Higher Education-Business Partnerships: The Dilemma of Competitiveness and Equity" (Wim E. Biervliet); and "The Challenge to the Liberal Vision of Universities in Africa" (David Court). The next four papers address World Bank reform areas: "Redefining the Role of Government in Higher Education: How Realistic is the World Bank's Prescription?" (Keith Watson); "Diversifying the Funding of Tertiary Institutions: Is the Bank's Agenda the Right One?" (Christopher Colclough); "Institutional Diversification of Higher Education" (Peter Williams); and "Responding to Ambiguity: A Critique of the World Bank's Analysis of Quality Assurance, Responsiveness and Equity" (H. R. Kells). The next three papers present empirical perspectives on the World Bank paper. They are: "Higher Education in India at a Cross-roads" (Jandhyala B. G. Tilak); "A Chinese Model of Higher Education? Lessons from Reality" (Kai-ming Cheng); and"Equity, Access and Excellence in South Africa Higher Education" (Pundy Pillay). The final two papers look at other policies and practices in aid to higher education and are "The Power of Knowledge: A Comparison of Two International Policy Papers on Higher Education" (Berit Olsson) and "French Aid and the Crisis of Higher Education in Francophone Africa" (Francois Orivel). (Many papers contain extensive references.) (JB)

The five commissioned papers in this anthology provided part of the research base for the national report, "National Excellence: A Case for Developing America's Talent." In the first paper, "The Performance of High Ability Students in the United States on National and International Tests," Carolyn Callahan describes discouraging national and international academic achievement data which indicate that America's top students continue to lag behind top students in other comparable nations. In the second paper, "Education of Gifted and Talented Students in China, Taiwan, and Japan," Harold W. Stevenson et al. report on studies of children's academic achievement in East Asia over the past 11 years and analyze those Asian nations' policies and practices for educating high-ability students. In the third paper, "State Policy Issues in the Education of Gifted and Talented Students," Patricia Bruce Mitchell examines current state policies, regulations, and legislation concerning education programs for gifted and talented students. She also discusses state policies which influence the nature and scope of gifted programming and considers implications of recent school restructuring efforts. James Gallagher, in "Current and Historical Thinking on Education for Gifted and Talented Students," describes how early cultures addressed or failed to address the needs of gifted children and contends that our society has traditionally had ambivalent feelings toward gifted children. He offers several definitions of giftedness and evaluates various educational methods with this population. In the final paper, "American Culture and the Gifted," Daniel P. Resnick and Madeline Goodman examine the role that the American culture and political beliefs have played in shaping the educational system. They suggest that forces outside the classroom (such as anti-intellectual attitudes) may account for more of the success or failure of programs for the gifted than previously thought. Each paper contains references. (DB)

This book contains a compilation of papers presented at the International Conference on Education and New Developments (END 2017), organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.). Education, in our contemporary world, is a right since we are born. Every experience has a formative effect on the constitution of the human being, in the way one thinks, feels and acts. One of the most important contributions resides in what and how we learn through the improvement of educational processes, both in formal and informal settings. The International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the processes, actions, challenges and outcomes of learning, teaching and human development. The goal is to offer a worldwide connection between teachers, students, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues. We take pride in having been able to connect and bring together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. We counted on an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement our view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons we have many nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development. END 2017 received 581 submissions, from 55 different countries, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form of Oral Presentations, Posters, Virtual Presentations and Workshops. The conference accepted for presentation 176 submissions (30% acceptance rate). The conference also includes a keynote presentation from an internationally distinguished researcher, Professor Lizbeth Goodman, Chair of Creative Technology Innovation and Professor of Inclusive Design for Learning at University College Dublin; Founder/Director of SMARTlab, Director of the Inclusive Design Research Centre of Ireland, Founder of The MAGIC Multimedia and Games Innovation Centre, Ireland, to whom we express our most gratitude. This conference addressed different categories inside the Education area and papers are expected to fit broadly into one of the named themes and sub-themes. To develop the conference program we have chosen four main broad-ranging categories, which also covers different interest areas: (1) In TEACHERS AND STUDENTS: Teachers and Staff training and education; Educational quality and standards; Curriculum and Pedagogy; Vocational education and Counseling; Ubiquitous and lifelong learning; Training programs and professional guidance; Teaching and learning relationship; Student affairs (learning, experiences and diversity; Extra-curricular activities; Assessment and measurements in Education. (2) In PROJECTS AND TRENDS: Pedagogic innovations; Challenges and transformations in Education; Technology in teaching and learning; Distance Education and eLearning; Global and sustainable developments for Education; New learning and teaching models; Multicultural and (inter)cultural communications; Inclusive and Special Education; Rural and indigenous Education; Educational projects. (3) In TEACHING AND LEARNING: Educational foundations; Research and development methodologies; Early childhood and Primary Education; Secondary Education; Higher Education; Science and technology Education; Literacy, languages and Linguistics (TESL/TEFL); Health Education; Religious Education; Sports Education. (4) In ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES: Educational policy and leadership; Human Resources development; Educational environment; Business, Administration, and Management in Education; Economics in Education; Institutional accreditations and rankings; International Education and Exchange programs; Equity, social justice and social change; Ethics and values; Organizational learning and change, Corporate Education. This book contains the results of the research and developments conducted by authors who focused on what they are passionate about: to promote growth in research methods intimately related to teaching, learning and applications in Education nowadays. It includes an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, who will extend our view in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues, by sharing with us their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. We would like to express thanks to all the authors and participants, the members of the academic scientific committee, and of course, to our organizing and administration team for making and putting this conference together. [This document contains the proceedings of END 2017: International Conference on Education and New Developments (Lisbon, Portugal, June 24-26, 2017).]

We are delighted to welcome you to the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2017, taking place in Budapest, Hungary, from 29 of April to 1 of May, 2017. Modern psychology offers a large range of scientific fields where it can be applied. The goal of understanding individuals and groups (mental functions and behavioral standpoints), from this academic and practical scientific discipline, aims ultimately to benefit society. This International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the several areas within the Psychology field, new developments in studies and proposals for future scientific projects. The goal is to offer a worldwide connection between psychologists, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in psychological issues. The conference is a forum that connects and brings together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. There is an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement the view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons there are nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development. InPACT 2017 received 243 submissions, from 35 different countries from all over the world, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form of Oral Presentations, Posters, Virtual Presentations and Workshops. It was accepted for presentation in the conference 128 submissions (29% acceptance rate). The conference also includes: (1) Two keynote presentations by Prof. Dr. Leslie G. Walker (Professor of Cancer Rehabilitation at the University of Hull, United Kingdom) and by Prof. Dr. Howard S. Schwartz (Professor of Organizational Behavior in the School of Business Administration, Oakland University, USA); and (2) Two Special Talks one by Prof. Dr. Michael Wang (Professor of Clinical Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom), and the other by Dr. António Alvim (Portuguese Association of Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, Portugal). We would like to express our gratitude to all our invitees. This volume is composed by the papers of the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT 2017), organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.). The Conference addresses different categories inside Applied Psychology area and papers fit broadly into one of the named themes and sub-themes. The conference program includes six main broad-ranging categories that cover diversified interest areas: (1) Clinical Psychology: Emotions and related psychological processes; Assessment; Psychotherapy and counseling; Addictive behaviors; Eating disorders; Personality disorders; Quality of life and mental health; Communication within relationships; Services of mental health; and Psychopathology. (2) Educational Psychology: Language and cognitive processes; School environment and childhood disorders; Parenting and parenting related processes; Learning and technology; Psychology in schools; Intelligence and creativity; Motivation in classroom; Perspectives on teaching; Assessment and evaluation; and Individual differences in learning. (3) Social Psychology: Cross-cultural dimensions of mental disorders; Employment issues and training; Organizational psychology; Psychology in politics and international issues; Social factors in adolescence and its development; Social anxiety and self-esteem; Immigration and social policy; Self-efficacy and identity development; Parenting and social support; Addiction and stigmatization; and Psychological and social impact of virtual networks. (4) Legal Psychology: Violence and trauma; Mass-media and aggression; Intra-familial violence; Juvenile delinquency; Aggressive behavior in childhood; Internet offending; Working with crime perpetrators; Forensic psychology; Violent risk assessment; and Law enforcement and stress. (5) Cognitive and Experimental Psychology: Perception, memory and attention; Decision making and problem-solving; Concept formation, reasoning and judgment; Language processing; Learning skills and education; Cognitive Neuroscience; Computer analogies and information processing (Artificial Intelligence and computer simulations); Social and cultural factors in the cognitive approach; Experimental methods, research and statistics; and Biopsychology. (6) Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytical Psychotherapy: Psychoanalysis and psychology; The unconscious; The Oedipus complex; Psychoanalysis of children; Pathological mourning; Addictive personalities; Borderline organizations; Narcissistic personalities; Anxiety and phobias; Psychosis; Neuropsychoanalysis. This volume contains the papers and results of the different researches conducted by authors who focused on what they are passionate about: to study and develop research in areas related to Psychology and its applications. It includes an extensive variety of contributors and presenters that are hereby sharing with us their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. We would like to express thanks to all the authors and participants, the members of the academic scientific committee, and of course, to the organizing and administration team for making and putting this conference together. [Abstract modified to meet ERIC guidelines. For the 2016 proceedings, see ED580800.]

This volume contains papers submitted to the 12th Annual International Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES), held in Sofia and Nessebar, Bulgaria, in June 2014, and papers submitted to the 2nd International Partner Conference, organized by the International Research Centre 'Scientific Cooperation,' Rostov-on-Don, Russia. The volume also includes papers submitted to the International Symposium on Comparative Sciences, organized by the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society in Sofia, in October 2013. The 12th BCES Conference theme is "Education's Role in Preparing Globally Competent Citizens." The 2nd Partner Conference theme is "Contemporary Science and Education: New Challenges -- New Decisions." The book consists of 103 papers, written by 167 authors and co-authors, and grouped into 7 parts. Parts 1-4 comprise papers submitted to the 12th BCES Conference, and Parts 5-7 comprise papers submitted to the 2nd Partner Conference. The 103 papers are divided into the following parts: (1) Comparative Education & History of Education; (2) Pre-service and In-service Teacher Training & Learning and Teaching Styles; (3) Education Policy, Reforms and School Leadership; (4) Higher Education, Lifelong Learning and Social Inclusion; (5) Educational Development Strategies in Different Countries and Regions of the World: National, Regional and Global Levels; (6) Key Directions and Characteristics of Research Organization in Contemporary World; and (7) International Scientific and Educational Cooperation for the Solution of Contemporary Global Issues: From Global Competition to World Integration.

For the first time, the annual conference of the European Association for Computer-Assisted Language Learning (EUROCALL) took place in Sweden. The conference took place at the Faculty of Education on historic ground on the old fortification walls of Carolus Dux from the 17th century right in the centre of the city. This year's host comprised the University of Gothenburg in collaboration with Chalmers University of Technology. The local committee members represented three collaborating institutions: "Faculty of Education, the University of Gothenburg"; "Department of Languages and Literatures, the University of Gothenburg"; and "Division for Language and Communication, Chalmers University of Technology." This year's conference theme was "CALL: using, learning, knowing." The conference seeked to establish the current state of the art, how using technologies shape what and how we learn, and what we consider we know from research and development within CALL. These three dimensions are in a continuous fux and interplay as an upward spiral, contributing together to create a dynamic learning experience for the student. There were presentations presented at the conference. 59 of these were submitted as extended papers and appear in this volume of proceedings. An author index is included. (Individual papers contain references.)

When U.S. News & World Report began its ranking of American colleges in 1983, publishers in other countries quickly followed with their own hierarchical measures, providing consumer information (and opportunities for institutional marketing) while attempting to impact the quality of higher education. In the course of the last two decades, higher education ranking systems and "league tables" (as they are referred to in the United Kingdom and elsewhere) have emerged in dozens of countries. These rankings are conducted not only by media in the private sector, but also by professional associations and governments. Over the decades since higher education rankings first appeared, numerous debates have surfaced about their methodologies, objectivity, impact on colleges and universities, and role in the structure of accountability within nations that use them. Although there has been significant research, especially in the United States, about the ways in which rankings might be improved, there has been less research on what other countries have been doing and how their ranking systems differ from U.S. rankings. In addition, there has been very little research on how rankings may impact students' access to postsecondary education, their selection of particular colleges, and their paths to graduate from school and/or find employment. The goal for this monograph is to better understand the ways in which ranking systems function and how lessons learned from other countries that use higher education ranking systems might influence similar practices in the United States. Toward this end, this monograph chronicles recent efforts that have brought together rankers and researchers from around the world to study higher education rankings. The monograph includes three papers that were commissioned to examine various perspectives on rankings around the world and lessons they might provide for rankings in the United States: (1) The "U.S. News" College Rankings: A View from the Inside (Alvin P. Sanoff); (2) A Global Survey of Rankings and League Tables (Alex Usher and Massimo Savino); and (3) The Impact of Higher Education Rankings on Student Access, Choice, and Opportunity (Marguerite Clarke). Includes appendix: The Berlin Principles on Ranking of Higher Education Institutions. (Contains 16 notes and 2 tables. Individual papers contain references.) [Jamie P. Merisotis, Alisa F. Cunningham, Arnold M. Kee, Tia T. Gordon, and Lacey H. Leegwater contributed to the introduction and "Next Steps."]

This compilation of resource papers and findings is from a regional workshop on mother-tongue/bilingual literacy programmes for ethnic and linguistic minorities in multilingual settings. It was organized by Asia-Pacific Programme of Education for All (APPEAL), United Nations Educational and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Bangkok, 6-10 December 2005 in Chiangmai, Thailand and included nine participating countries--Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Nepal, the Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam. APPEAL supports pilot projects in these countries which provide mother-tongue or multilingual education to ethno-linguistic minorities. Each chapter summarizes an aspect of multilingual education programme development including issues and positive problem solving experiences. Chapter titles are as follows: (1) Linguistic Diversity, Literacy and Education (resource paper); (2) Education in Ethnic Minority Communities: Questions to Consider and Problems to Solve (resource paper); (3) Multilingual Education Practice in Eight Asian Countries (Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Nepal, the Philippines, Thailand); (4) Developing Low Cost and Effective Materials for Multilingual Education Programmes; (5) Training Effective Community Teachers for Multilingual Education Programmes; and (6) Teaching Methods for Effective Multilingual Education Programmes. (Contains 7 tables, 10 figures, and 21 footnotes.) [This report was published by the UNESCO Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education.]

There are at least 6,000--7,000 languages spoken in the world today, with over half of them endangered. And 61 percent of the endangered languages are within the Asia and Pacific Region. The publication is a report derived from the Regional (Asia and Pacific Region) Workshop on Mother Tongue/Bilingual Literacy Programs for Ethnic Minorities, held from 17 to 22 May 2004. Education in mother tongues/native languages (L1) side by side with official language (L2) is not yet a common phenomenon, especially among the ethnic minorities. The complexity comes not only from a scarcity of education content and materials in L1, how to transition from L1 to L2 as the medium of Instruction (MOI), and using both languages in learning, but also on L1 itself--the writing system. Speakers at the workshop suggested that literacy training in mother tongues could be done through formal and non-formal education settings. Activities such as action research on L1 acquisition, pilot projects, development of relevant teaching materials, and professional development for teachers in L1 could raise attention for not only literacy and Education For All, but also help to preserve traditional and local cultures. The publication includes (I) survey results on native languages and education in L1; (ll) case studies from Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, and Viet Nam; (lll) approaches in introducing L1 and linkage to L2; and (lV) a survey of government policies in order to help policy makers design their own policy on education in mother tongue. Appended are: (1) Workshop Programme; and (2) List of Participants. [This document was published by the UNESCO Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education and was supported by Japanese Funds-in-Trust.]

This journal, written in English and Chinese, includes the following papers: "Values for Creativity: A Study among Undergraduates in Hong Kong and Guangzhou" (Xia Dong Yue and Kok Leung); "The Present Situation of Family Education at the Turn of the Century: An Investigation in Three South-Eastern Provinces in China" (Feng Luo); "Philosophers Compete, Children Glitter: An Explication of the Characteristics of Postmodern Multiple Intelligences Inspired Education" (Kwok Cheung Cheung); "The Relation of Shame and Guilt-Proneness to Moral Orientations in Hong Kong Chinese Adolescents" (Kin Tung Wong); "Teacher Development: Knowing More about Emotions and Emotional Awareness" (Ching Leung Lung and Mei Ngan Tam); "The Everyday English Every Day Summer Camp" (Gertrude Sachs, Serlina Seun, Catherine Yung, Angel Lau, and Catherine Chan); "Enhancing the Professional Development of Student-Teachers in Primary and Secondary Education through Establishing Institute-School Partnership" (May Hung Cheng and Yee Fan Tang); Combining Information Technologies and Cognitive Apprenticeship to Provide Instruction in Expository Writing in Large University Classes" (Graham Passmore and John Mitterer); "Toward Solving the Disciplinary Problem of Students: Strategies of Some Christian Schools" (Che Leung Lau); and "A Developmental Profile and Chinese Index of New Horizons in Education" (William Wu and Kwok Keung Ho). (Papers contain references.) (SM)