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A wide network of transcription factors orchestrates T lineage commitment. These factors are essential regulators of differentiation, survival, and cell growth in thymocytes. In order to maintain developmental fidelity, the expression of these transcriptional factors is tightly associated with a series of developmental checkpoints that ensure the termination of aberrant differentiation. Failure to maintain this tight control can result in neoplastic transformation. This chapter will review these key transcriptional regulators and discuss their contributions to both normal and malignant thymocyte development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]