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Enterprise Modeling (EM) has established itself as a valuable instrument for various purposes related to organizational development, such as designing or redesigning the business, eliciting requirements for information systems, capturing and reasoning about organizational knowledge. A notable characteristic of EM is its collaborative way of stakeholder involvement in modeling. Much of the success of projects using EM depends on how the EM process is organized and on the competence level of the expert responsible for the EM approach. This paper analyses what are the competence needs for the method expert and what competences are needed in the different steps in the EM process. The EM process described consists of activities for project inception and planning, conducting modeling sessions, and delivering a result that can be taken up by a subsequent implementation project. Two main competence areas are discussed in relation to the EM process – competences related to modeling and competences related to managing EM projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]