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This paper presents an approach of multidisciplinary knowledge modeling and robust parameter decision-making. Firstly, a multidisciplinary knowledge model is established. Secondly, a multidisciplinary decision-making algorithm is presented to solve the model. Finally, the method is demonstrated by a design example, in which knowledge in mechanics, cybernetics and dynamics are addressed. The results prove that multidisciplinary knowledge modeling is feasible, and the proposed method can be applied in multidisciplinary parameter decision-making process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cooperative learning is a social interaction that involving a community of learners and teachers, where members acquire and share experience or knowledge. Recently, researchers have initiated studies that explore which factors are relevant to learner satisfaction or education effectiveness in a cooperative learning environment. However, little research effort for developing a cooperative learning platform for information system training, such as three-dimensional CAD system training. Thus, our study aims to narrow these gaps. We present the cooperative learning platform for 3D CAD system. This approach can be helpful for better establishing cooperative learning for information system training. We introduce a case involving three-dimensional CAD training with the web-based cooperative learning platform in China. This research is specifically related the context of a state-of-the-art cooperative learning platform that is based on network technology for real-time interaction amongst users, instructor, and the cooperative learning system itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research article demonstrates the use of a constraints network for modeling the knowledge which is necessary for concurrent product design. A Knowledge-based Constraints Network System (KCNS) has been developed to maintain design consistency and to support the selection of appropriate design parameter intervals. A data-mining algorithm named fuzzy-rough algorithm is developed to acquire the knowledge level constraints from the numerical simulation. The method integrated Case Based Reasoning (CBR) and Rule Based Reasoning (RBR) with interval consistency algorithm is adopted to predict the potential conflicts and to specify the interval of design parameters. The design example of a crank connecting link in a V6 engine shows the validity of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scheduling stochastic workloads is a difficult task. We analyze minimum average response time of computational grids composed of nodes with multiple processors when stochastic workloads are scheduled to the grids. We propose an algorithm to achieve minimum average response time of grids. We compare the minimum average response time of grids with the average response time of grids with load balancing scheduling in different cases. Specifically, we analyze the impact of differential processor speeds, the number of processors per node, and utilization rate of the grids on the difference between these two scheduling strategies. These analysis provide deeper understanding of average response time of grids, which will allow us to design more efficient algorithms for Grid workload scheduling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The physical mapping of functional genes and polymorphic markers is obviously important for understanding genome organization in higher organisms. Fluorescence in situ hybridization of labeled DNA to metaphase chromosome spreads has been a very effective means of accomplishing this goal (1,2), but it is difficult to routinely detect sequences <3-5 kb in length using this technique (3). Since the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (4) provides a means to amplify a single copy of DNA to literally hundreds of thousands of copies in a short time, in principle it could be utilized to detect very short sequences directly on metaphase chromosomes. It has been demonstrated that PCR can be performed on the surface of a slide containing cells (5) and that the PCR process can incorporate biotin-dUTP into the amplification product (6). On-slide PCR with a single primer has been used to detect low-copy sequences on metaphase chromosomes (3). Oligonucleotide premed in situ synthesis (PRINS) (7), in which an oligonucleotide is annealed to denatured chromosomes and extended by a DNA polymerase, has also proven to be an effective method to detect low-copy sequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a cooperative design approach based on multi-disciplinary knowledge modeling for automobile development. The design knowledge from multidisciplinary domain is obtained to establish multidisciplinary knowledge model. Then multidisciplinary cooperative design method allows multidisciplinary designer to synthetically coordinate and design considering multidisciplinary knowledge. The method described in this paper was used to develop knowledge driven multidisciplinary cooperative design system, which is applied to automobile development processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Having provided the foundation for sensing and actuation applications, piezoelectricity has been intriguing subjects for many studies. The application of piezoelectric materials for high-resolution actuation and positioning in scanning probe microscopy has enabled the manipulation and characterization of matters at nano- and atomic scale. Its application in high-resolution sensing has allowed unprecedented ease in control and measurement of force and displacement. However, as an indispensable part for any technology development, the study of nanoscale sensor and actuator that make use of piezoelectricity and that take advantage of the significant progress in the development of nanomaterials is still lacking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Significant interest exists for the scientific study and the commercial application of piezoelectric materials with nanoscale dimensional properties [1-4]. With the recent advance in the synthesis of piezoelectric nanomaterials of high crystalline quality and low dimensionality [5-6], it is now possible to study the size and dimensionality effect in mechanics and electromechanics related to piezoelectricity. We report here such a study with single crystalline barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanowires. Specifically, the mechanical property and the piezoelectric behaviour of individual BaTiO3 nanowires having diameters down to several tens nanometer are studied with piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) and with tensile electromechanical testing method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]