Bacterial infections are an important complication of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and constitute the most common precipitants of acute decompensation in cirrhosis, specifically recurrent variceal hemorrhage, acute kidney injury, and liver failure (encephalopathy and/or jaundice). In this chapter, we review the most common types of bacterial infections in cirrhosis, the risk factors for their development, and the impact of antibiotic prophylaxis. We also review the clinical features and management of the most common infection in cirrhosis, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), specifically the evidence behind the therapy of acute SBP, the role of albumin, and the role of antibiotics in the prophylaxis of high-risk patients. Lastly, we briefly discuss other ˵nonspontaneous″ bacterial infections in cirrhosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]