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Second harmonic components generated from plastic deformed metal rods are detected in real time by using a double-layered piezoelectric transducer (DLPT). The DLPT is comprised of two transducers with resonance frequencies of f0; its resonance frequency is equal to f0/2 when the transducers are connected in parallel and f0 when the transducers are connected in series. The performance of the DLPT used in this ultrasonic system is evaluated. Samples of plastic deformed metal rods are prepared by tensile test equipment. The relative amplitude of the second harmonic component increased by approximately 25 dB in the metal rods after the tensile tests compared to before the tensile tests. A variation of second harmonic components generated by plastic deformed metal rods is distinctly measured by our system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]