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In this conceptual paper, we discuss the relevance of cellular signaling pathways for immune-inspired algorithms. With complex dynamics, the mapping of environment stimuli to cellular responses is highlighted as a decision making capability. When considering applications which could benefit from these dynamics, the possibility of incorporating these pathways can be an interesting way to combine more biologically-plausible algorithms and improved performance. The structure of the NF-ΚB (Nuclear Factor ΚB) and MAP (Mitogen-activated protein) kinases pathways, and the pathways involved in signaling by Toll-like receptors, are presented. As an example, we then consider how these pathways could be incorporated in the Dendritic Cell Algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]