1. Animal Models for Study of Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Hypertension and Its Complications.
- Author
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Zicha, Josef, Vaněčková, Ivana, and Zicha, Josef
- Subjects
Cardiovascular medicine ,Medicine ,24 h urine(24U) ,ARNI ,ApoE KO ,Dahl SS ,ECM markers ,Hyp mice ,LV hypertrophy ,NADPH oxidase activator 1 ,Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter 1 ,Na,K-ATPase ,SGLT-2 inhibition ,SGLT-2 inhibitor ,SHR ,SHR-CRP ,SHRSP ,TCTP ,TCTP-TG ,TCTP-overexpressing transgenic mice ,TMEM16A ,X-linked hypophosphatemia ,adipose tissue browning ,age ,aging ,angiotensin 1-7 ,angiotensin II ,antihypertensive therapy ,apolipoprotein E knockout mice ,atherosclerosis ,blood pressure monitoring ,bone ,calcium-activated chloride channel ,canrenone ,cardiac Cx43 ,cardiac dysfunction ,cardiac fibrosis ,cardiovascular disease ,cardiovascular hypertrophy ,catecholamines ,chloride ,cold acclimation ,combination therapy ,cross-fostering ,developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) ,experimental hypertension ,extracellular matrix ,fawn-hooded hypertensive rat ,fetal undernutrition programming ,fibroblast growth factor-23 ,fibrosis ,foetal programming of hypertension ,foetal undernutrition ,gene expression ,genome-editing ,gut microbiota ,hairless SHRM ,hypertension ,ivabradine ,knock-out ,l-NAME ,lactation period ,left ventricular hypertrophy ,lipid metabolism ,liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ,losartan ,magnesium ,mitochondria ,nitric oxide ,old SHR ,one-clip hypertension ,oxidative stress ,prebiotics ,probiotics ,proteinuria ,rats ,reactive oxygen species ,remodelling ,renin-angiotensin system ,renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system ,rostral ventrolateral medulla ,sacubitril/valsartan ,short chain fatty acid ,smooth muscle ,stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat ,sympathetic innervation ,sympathetic neurotransmission ,systolic blood pressure ,taurine ,thyroid hormones ,translationally controlled tumor protein ,treatment effect ,two-kidney ,uninephrectomized salt-loaded ,vascular remodelling ,young SHR - Abstract
Summary: Essential hypertension is still an important health care problem. It is necessary to investigate its mechanisms in animal models. The potential clinical importance of such experimental research might be expected. This Special Issue concerned several important topics. First, several studies focused on the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for blood pressure elevation during hypertension development, organ damage in chronic hypertension, and drugs targeting hypertension and/or its complications. Other studies were interested in the participation of central and peripheral blood pressure control, changes in vascular structure and function, and neural, humoral, and endocrine factors. Furthermore, the contribution of altered redox signaling, chronic inflammation, microbiome changes, and interactions of genetic and environmental factors were evaluated in multiple papers. Finally, special attention was paid to the progress in pharmacological tools for the control of hypertension and associated organ damage, genetic modifications to alter blood pressure levels, and non-pharmacological interventions attenuating hypertension or its complications. The original articles or reviews covered the interesting aspects of the pathophysiology of hypertension and associated end-organ damage, the use of various experimental hypertensive models, and the importance of specific environmental factors acting in distinct phases of the ontogeny. We especially appreciate the presentation of new ideas and the critical discussion of traditional theories.