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The influence of water permanence and high intra- and inter-annual hydrological variability on macrobenthos (organisms >1 mm) was studied using a taxonomical and a functional approach. The study was carried out in a Mediterranean salt marsh. Monthly samples of macrobenthic fauna were collected during two consecutive hydroperiods from six ponds with different water permanence (temporary, semi-permanent and permanent waters). Organisms were assigned to five functional response groups based on life-strategies according to their capacity to survive desiccation events, their dispersion capability and the necessity of water for their reproduction. Results from both approaches showed that the benthic community was more related to pond type than to intra- and inter-annual variability. The second aim was to analyse to which extent patterns in functional groups were determined by the existence of succession patterns or to environmental variability. In this sense, a clear succession pattern was not observed. In contrast, in most of the functional groups (4 out of 5), species within each functional group showed similar responses to water fluctuations. However, species of the fifth functional group, which comprised species without any particular adaptation to desiccation survival or avoidance, showed different responses to water level fluctuations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]