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38 results on '"scleractinia"'

1. Sexual Reproduction of Scleractinian Corals.

Author

Harrison, Peter L.

Abstract

Sexual reproduction by scleractinian reef corals is important for maintaining coral populations and evolutionary processes. The ongoing global renaissance in coral reproduction research is providing a wealth of new information on this topic, and has almost doubled the global database on coral reproductive patterns during the past two decades. Information on sexual reproduction is now available for 444 scleractinian species, and confirms that hermaphroditic broadcast spawning is the dominant pattern among coral species studied to date. Relatively few hermaphroditic or gonochoric brooding species have been recorded. Multispecific coral spawning has been recorded on many reefs, but the degree of reproductive synchrony varies greatly within and among species at different geographic locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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2. High-resolution trace and minor element compositions in deep-water scleractinian corals (Desmophyllum dianthus) from the Mediterranean Sea and the Great Australian Bight.

Author

Freiwald, André, Roberts, J. Murray, Montagna, Paolo, McCulloch, Malcolm, Taviani, Marco, Remia, Alessandro, and Rouse, Greg

Subjects
SCLERACTINIA, CORALS, BIOTIC communities, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY
Abstract

Zooxanthellate scleractinian corals have been shown to preserve important archives of seasonal variations of climate variables, such as sea surface temperature, salinity, and productivity. By analogy, the recognition of correlated chemical signals in azooxanthellate deep-water corals may provide an important new approach to help unravel the role of intermediate and deep waters in determining climate variability. A first step to determine the suitability of deep-water scleractinian corals as potential paleoceanographic-paleoclimatic tools requires the demonstration of coherent geochemical signals in their skeletons. With this in mind, trace and minor element ratios Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca, U/Ca, B/Ca, P/Ca, Ba/Ca and Mn/Ca have been measured in two deep-water solitary scleractinian corals (Desmophyllum dianthus) collected from Last Glacial submerged banks in the Mediterranean basin and in the Great Australian Bight. Most elements show distinct, highly correlated patterns of variation. Although preliminary, these results illustrate the potential use of trace and minor element concentrations in the deep-water scleractinian corals to provide new constraints on the composition and evolution of intermediate and deep waters and thus introduce new perspectives in paleoceanography, such as the assessment of changes in both deep-sea nutrient chemistry and ocean circulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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3. Shallow-water Desmophyllum dianthus (Scleractinia) from Chile: characteristics of the biocoenoses, the bioeroding community, heterotrophic interactions and (paleo)-bathymetric implications.

Author

Freiwald, André, Roberts, J. Murray, Försterra, Günter, Beuck, Lydia, and Häussermann, Vreni

Subjects
SCLERACTINIA, BIOTIC communities, HABITATS, CORALS, EROSION
Abstract

We report an unusually shallow-water occurrence of habitat-forming Desmophyllum dianthus (Esper, 1794) from the Chilean fjord region. Most occurrences of the cosmopolitan D. dianthus are known from the bathyal zone. In the northern Chilean fjord region, however, this coral is reported within the euphotic zone. The upper limit of distribution was found at 7 m water depth and is confined to the lower boundary of the low salinity layer. Large accumulations both as living aggregations and as sediment-formers typically occur from 20 m water depth and beyond. The corals prefer to colonise the undersides of rock ledges with downwardfacing corallites. The motivation of this study is to analyse and discuss the existence of an azooxanthellate coral that generally thrives in aphotic environment but here extends into the photic zone by means of screening of bioerosion patterns. Based on the detailed analysis of scratching and boring traces, we compare the ichnocoenosis found within the Chilean D. dianthus with the established bathymetrically indicative ichnocoenoses from other areas around the world. These indicator ichnocoenoses are widely used to reconstruct relative water depths of depositional settings in the geological past. The study of the bioeroding assemblage from two living D. dianthus collected at 28 m water depth in the Reñihue Fjord, Chile, shows some remarkable patterns that shed light on the complex way in which the coral’s soft tissue expands and retracts at the apical zone of the corallum in response to in vivo infestation of endolithic algae. The role of this heterotypic interaction is discussed. To visualise the endolithic ichnocoenoses, we applied several methodologies such as the vacuum cast embedding technique combined with scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy and x-ray analyses. In total, 20 different trace makers are identified. Based on the analysis of the indicator ichnospecies, the endolithic community is indicative for the dysphotic zone. This result is compatible with the sciaphile environment of D. dianthus, living under rock ledges in the photic zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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4. Deep-water Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa): current knowledge of reproductive processes.

Author

Freiwald, André, Roberts, J. Murray, and Waller, Rhian G.

Subjects
SCLERACTINIA, FISHERIES, BIOTIC communities, OCEAN bottom, MARINE organisms
Abstract

Little is known of the basic biology and ecology of the numerous species of deep-water scleractinians found in all the world’s oceans. Of all the biological processes, reproduction is the most fundamental. Without knowledge of a species’ reproduction, we know little about how they survive both the environment that is the deep-sea, and the increasing anthropogenic effects of man’s exploration for new fisheries and energy reserves. This review collates current knowledge of the reproductive processes of deep-water scleractinians. Only fifteen deep-water species as yet have had their reproduction described in the literature. Gametogenesis, reproductive seasonality and larval ecology are summarised and compared briefly to shallow-water counterparts. A summary table of all deep-water scleractinian species, for which the reproductive strategy is known, and their sample locations, is presented here. It is hoped this knowledge will be used as a basis for further understanding of how the deep-sea species of this order survive and disperse. These data are also directly applicable to the conservation and management of these deep-sea ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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5. Scleractinia of eastern Australia. Part V

Author

Veron, J. E. N. (John Edward Norwood), Wallace, Carden C., Australian Institute of Marine Science, Australian Institute of Marine Science, Veron, J. E. N. (John Edward Norwood), Wallace, Carden C., and Australian Institute of Marine Science

Subjects
Australia, Eastern, Corals, Scleractinia, Scleractinia. Eastern Australia. Coastal waters
Published
1984

6. Scleractinia of Eastern Australia.

Author

Veron, J. E. N. (John Edward Norwood), Pichon, Michel, Wijsman-Best, Maya, Australian Institute of Marine Science, Australian Institute of Marine Science, Veron, J. E. N. (John Edward Norwood), Pichon, Michel, Wijsman-Best, Maya, and Australian Institute of Marine Science

Subjects
Australia, Eastern, Corals, Scleractinia
Published
1977

7. Scleractinia of Eastern Australia

Author

Veron, J. E. N. (John Edward Norwood), Pichon, Michel, Australian Institute of Marine Science, Museum Victoria, Veron, J. E. N. (John Edward Norwood), Pichon, Michel, and Australian Institute of Marine Science

Subjects
Australia, Eastern, Corals, Scleractinia
Published
1976

8. Deep sea corals collected by the Lamont Geological Observatory

Author

Squires, Donald F., Vema (Ship), American Museum Of Natural History-Lamont Geological Observatory Expeditions 1955-1962, American Museum of Natural History Library, Squires, Donald F., Vema (Ship), and American Museum Of Natural History-Lamont Geological Observatory Expeditions 1955-1962

Subjects
59.36(26.4), Abyssal zone, Cnidaria, Corals, Deep-sea animals, Scleractinia, Scotia Sea, South Atlantic Ocean
Published
1961

11. Catalogue of the madreporarian corals in the British Museum (Natural History)

Author

British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, Matthai, G., University of Toronto - Gerstein Science Information Centre, Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Ernst Mayr Library, Smithsonian Libraries, British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, and Matthai, G.

Subjects
Scleractinia
Published
1893

12. Histoire naturelle des coralliaires, ou polypes proprement dits.

Author

Milne-Edwards, H. (Henri), 1800-1885, Haime, Jules, 1824-1856, American Museum of Natural History Library, Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Ernst Mayr Library, Smithsonian Libraries, Milne-Edwards, H. (Henri), 1800-1885, and Haime, Jules, 1824-1856

Subjects
Cnidaria, Corals, Identification, Scleractinia
Published
1857

15. Scleractinia of Eastern Australia

Author

Veron, J. E. N. (John Edward Norwood), Pichon, Michel, Australian Institute of Marine Science, Australian Institute of Marine Science, Veron, J. E. N. (John Edward Norwood), Pichon, Michel, and Australian Institute of Marine Science

Subjects
Australia, Eastern, Corals, Scleractinia

16. Deep sea corals collected by the Lamont Geological Observatory

Author

Squires, Donald F., Vema (Ship), American Museum Of Natural History-Lamont Geological Observatory Expeditions 1955-1962, American Museum of Natural History Library, Squires, Donald F., Vema (Ship), and American Museum Of Natural History-Lamont Geological Observatory Expeditions 1955-1962

Subjects
59.36(26.4), Abyssal zone, Cnidaria, Corals, Deep-sea animals, Scleractinia, Scotia Sea, South Atlantic Ocean

17. Catalogue of the madreporarian corals in the British Museum (Natural History)

Author

British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, Matthai, George, 1887-1947, Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Ernst Mayr Library, British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, and Matthai, George, 1887-1947

Subjects
Scleractinia

19. Catalogue of the madreporarian corals in the British Museum (Natural History)

Author

British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, Matthai, George, 1887-1947, University of Toronto - Gerstein Science Information Centre, British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, and Matthai, George, 1887-1947

Subjects
Scleractinia

20. Catalogue of the madreporarian corals in the British Museum (Natural History)

Author

British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, Matthai, George, 1887-1947, University of Toronto - Gerstein Science Information Centre, British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, and Matthai, George, 1887-1947

Subjects
Scleractinia

21. Catalogue of the madreporarian corals in the British Museum (Natural History)

Author

British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, Matthai, George, 1887-1947, University of Toronto - Gerstein Science Information Centre, British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, and Matthai, George, 1887-1947

Subjects
Scleractinia

23. Catalogue of the madreporarian corals in the British Museum (Natural History)

Author

British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, Matthai, George, 1887-1947, Smithsonian Libraries and Archives, British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, and Matthai, George, 1887-1947

Subjects
Scleractinia

27. Histoire naturelle des coralliaires, ou polypes proprement dits

Author

Milne-Edwards, H. (Henri), 1800-1885, Haime, Jules, 1824-1856, Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Ernst Mayr Library, Milne-Edwards, H. (Henri), 1800-1885, and Haime, Jules, 1824-1856

Subjects
Cnidaria, Corals, Identification, Scleractinia

28. Catalogue of the madreporarian corals in the British Museum (Natural History)

Author

British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, Matthai, George, 1887-1947, Smithsonian Libraries and Archives, British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, and Matthai, George, 1887-1947

Subjects
Scleractinia

30. Catalogue of the madreporarian corals in the British Museum (Natural History)

Author

British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, Matthai, George, 1887-1947, Smithsonian Libraries and Archives, British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, and Matthai, George, 1887-1947

Subjects
Scleractinia

31. Catalogue of the madreporarian corals in the British Museum (Natural History)

Author

British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, Matthai, George, 1887-1947, Smithsonian Libraries, British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, and Matthai, George, 1887-1947

Subjects
Scleractinia

33. Catalogue of the madreporarian corals in the British Museum (Natural History)

Author

British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, Matthai, George, 1887-1947, Smithsonian Libraries, British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology, Bernard, Henry Meyners, 1853-1909, Brook, George, 1857-1893, and Matthai, George, 1887-1947

Subjects
Scleractinia

36. Deep sea corals collected by the Lamont Geological Observatory. 2, Scotia Sea corals. American Museum novitates ; no.2046

Author

American Museum of Natural History-Lamont Geological Observatory Expeditions (1955-1962), Squires, Donald Fleming, American Museum of Natural History Library, American Museum of Natural History-Lamont Geological Observatory Expeditions (1955-1962), and Squires, Donald Fleming

Subjects
Abyssal zone, Cnidaria, Corals, Deep-sea animals, Scleractinia, Scotia Sea, South Atlantic Ocean

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