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Background: In India almost 60-70% of its population is residing in rural and remote areas, where the services are yet to reach. Person with disabled face different kinds of barriers in accessing the health & rehabilitation services they require in several settings. Nursing personnel are the key person in community to deliver the various cares so that we need to train the nursing personnel for providing rehabilitative care. Aim: To assess the impact of Advanced Training Program On knowledge regarding Community Based Rehabilitation Protocol among Nursing Personnel Engaged in Community Health Services. Material &Method: Researcher will be used Quantitative research approach. Pre-Experimental design in the form of one group pretest & posttest as a research design. The study will be conducted in Satara district, Randomized sampling technique with 550 Nursing personnel engaged in community health services will be including. The collected data will be analyzed in terms of the objectives of the study using descriptive & inferential statistics. Expected Outcome: Developed & evaluated Community Based Rehabilitation Protocol and advance training program can be utilized by any one. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge there were no any similar studies conducted On Knowledge Regarding Community Based Rehabilitation Protocol among Nursing Personnel Engaged in Community Health Services. All conclusions will be writing down after statistical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with distribution of 210Po and 210Pb radionuclides in a vertical profile of illuviated soil, in Madikeri taluk of Coorg district, Karnataka, India. The activity concentration of 210Po and 210Pb radionuclides was determined using radioanalytical method and the dependence of these radionuclides on physico-chemical parameters of soil was also investigated through a statistical study. In all the layers of the soil in a vertical profile, the 210Po nuclides were found to be in disequilibrium with 210Pb. The frequency distribution of 210Po and 210Pb radionuclides was analysed using Kolgomorov–Smirnov test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To identify the morbidity patterns causing blindness in children attending schools for the blind in Chennai and comparing our data with similar studies done previously.Methods: A cross-sectional prevalence study was carried out in two schools for the blind in Chennai. Blind schools were visited by a team of ophthalmologists and optometrists. Students with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) worse than 3/60 in the better eye were included and relevant history was noted. Every student underwent anterior segment evaluation and detailed fundus examination. Morbidity of the better eye was taken as cause of blindness. Health records maintained by the school were referred to wherever available.Results: The anatomical causes of blindness include optic nerve disorders in 75 (24.8%) cases, retinal disorders in 55 (18.2%), corneal disorders in 47 (15.6%), lens-related disorders in 39 (12.9%), congenital anomalies in 11 (3.6%), and congenital glaucoma in 20 (6.6%) cases. The whole globe was involved in six cases (1.99%). Among conditions causing blindness, optic atrophy seen in 73 (24.17%) cases was the most common, followed by retinal dystrophy in 44 (14.56%), corneal scarring in 35 (11.59%), cataract in 22 (7.28%), and congenital glaucoma in 20 (6.6%) cases.Conclusion: It was found that avoidable causes of blindness were seen in 31% of cases and incurable causes in 45%. Optic nerve atrophy and retinal dystrophy are the emerging causes of blindness, underlining the need for genetic counseling and low vision rehabilitation centers, along with a targeted approach for avoidable causes of blindness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Milk production is one of the most important economic traits in dairy cattle. Crossing of zebu cattle (Bos indicus) with temperate cattle breeds (Bos taurus) was undertaken to improve the milk production in India. Crossbreeding has resulted in improved production performance of the dairy animlas over the past few decades. Methods: Data on 50 purebred Sahiwal cows from the Livestock Farm Complex, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad and 50 Holstein Friesian  Sahiwal crossbred cows maintained at the Military Dairy Farm, Secunderabad were utilized to study the influence of breed and parity on various production and reproduction traits. The various traits studied were: Total lactation milk yield (TLMY) Lactation length (LL), Peak yield (PY), Age at first service (AFS), Age at first calving (AFC), Gestation period (GP), Service period (SP), Dry period (DP) and Calving interval (Cl). Result: In the present study, significant effect of breed was found on the TLMY and PY with the crossbreds recording higher values for both the traits. The means for TLMY, PY, LL, GP, SP, DP and CI were 1768.32±109.67 kg, 10.17±0.50 kg, 304.41±13.00 days, 277.71±2.24 days, 182.60±15.51 days, 167.47±10.68 days and 430.23±13.46 days in Sahiwal and 2983.45±78.32 kg, 14.92±0.36 kg, 324.71±9.29 days, 275.34 days, 181.09±10.91 days, 127.01±7.51, 413.61±9.47 days in crossbred cows respectively. It may be concluded that the productive performance of crossbred cows was better than that of indigenous cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rhinosporidiosis is a fungal disease caused by the organism Rhinosporidum seeberi. The life cycle and mode of infection are vague, and there are many hypothesis on it. Its prevalence in the world is unique as it is only limited to certain regions like India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. We have tried to correlate the various factors, which will probably be associated with this pattern of prevalence of the disease. We have included factors like community practices, climatic conditions, rain fall pattern, water physiochemical properties, zoonotic and the aquatic organism composition in the specified regions. Thus, it serves as a wholesome idea of why the disease must only be prevalent in certain parts of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Perioperative outcomes following surgery for brain tumors are an important indicator of the safety as well as efficacy of surgical intervention. Perioperative morbidity not only has implications on direct patient care, but also serves as an indicator of the quality of care provided, and enables objective documentation, for comparision in various clinical trials. We document our experience at a tertiary care referral, a dedicated neuro-oncology center in India. Materials and Methods: One hundred and ninety-six patients undergoing various surgeries for intra-axial brain tumors were analyzed. Routine microsurgical techniques and uniform antibiotic policy were used. Navigation/ intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring was not available. The endpoints assessed included immediate postoperative neurological status, neurological outcome at discharge, regional complications, systemic complications, overall morbidity, and mortality. Various risk factors assessed included clinico-epidemiological factors, tumor-related factors, and surgery-related factors. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Results: Median age was 38 years. 72% had tumors larger than 4 cm. Neurological morbidity, and regional and systemic complications occurred in 16.8, 17.3, and 10.7%, respectively. Overall, major morbidity occurred in 18% and perioperative mortality rate was 3.6%. Although a few of the known risk factors were found to be signifi cant on univariate analysis, none achieved significance on multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Our patients were younger and had larger tumors than are generally reported. Despite the unavailability of advanced intraoperative aids we could achieve acceptable levels of morbidity and mortality. Objective recording of perioperative events is crucial to document outcomes after surgery for brain tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Ethanopharmacological relevance: The seeds of Syzygium cumini, Skeels (Jamun) are extensively used in India for treatment of diabetes and other ailments. Aim of the study: The aim of this work was to assess the role of Jamun seed extract (JSE) as a chemoprotective agent against in vivo oxidative stress and genomic damage. Materials and methods: Experiments were carried out to evaluate in vitro protective effects of JSE against hydroxyl radical induced damage in pBR322 DNA, and in vivo genomic damage and oxidative stress in mice which received JSE orally for 5 days before exposure to genotoxic carcinogens urethane (URE) and 7,12-dimethyl benz(a)anthracene (DMBA). Results: Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of JSE showed significant protective effects against hydroxyl radical induced strand breaks in pBR322 DNA. The in vivo experiments with aqueous JSE showed significant protective effects against chromosomal damage induced by the genotoxic carcinogens URE and DMBA. Biochemical assays registered significant inhibition of hepatic lipid peroxidation and increase in GSH level and activity of GST, SOD and CAT. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that JSE can possibly play an important role as a chemopreventive agent against oxidative stress and genomic damage. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The central path of the total solar eclipse (TSE) of 11 August 1999 mostly passed through a region of active monsoon in India, with the eclipse ending around local sunset. Measurements in the surface layer (SL) were carried out close to the eclipse axis at Akola (20°42' N, 77°2' E) in central India. The global radiation flux reaching the surface vanishes around totality at 1803:24 (LT), followed by a small recovery before again dipping to zero at sunset. The temperatures in the SL, and subsoil at 50-mm depth, show a local minimum with a lag of about 10 min after the second contact, whereas the lag appears to vanish when the temperature series is detrended. The SL exhibits near-neutral, though generally stable, conditions from about 1500 hr itself due to heavy cloud cover followed by the eclipse-induced cooling of the surface. The wind component across the eclipse axis vanishes at totality, the wind vector aligning with the azimuth of the traversing moon shadow. The deceleration of the mean flow can be due to the combined effect of the colder surface and downward heat flux, where the locally altered horizontal temperature gradients may cause, as in this instance, the cessation of the cross flow. The oscillations in temperature and wind that show significant peaks, around 90–100 min as well as the semi-period of the eclipse near 60 min, persist for several hours past the eclipse event. A fresh analysis of the published data on the TSE of 7 March 1970 shows spectral peaks in the temperature nearly coincident with those already reported from the surface pressure records. The oscillations in the SL fields during the two TSE events are very similar implying that the source mechanism is also likely to be the same in both the cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leclercia adecarboxylata, a gram-negative bacillus of the Enterobacteriaceae family, is an uncommonly identified human pathogen. The organism has been reported worldwide and isolated from various environmental sources. Most human infections are polymicrobial and commonly occur in immunocompromised hosts, although nosocomial infections in immunocompetent hosts have been documented. We describe three case reports of L. adecarboxylata isolation from cases of hospital acquired pneumonia admitted to a tertiary care center for neurosurgical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Outbreaks are emergencies, requiring skilled peripheral health workers in the health system. Given the lack of evaluation of the knowledge and practices of peripheral health workers regarding outbreak investigation and response, we surveyed to estimate the performance level of health workers in outbreak detection and response. Methods: We developed a simulation exercise based on hepatitis and fever outbreak to ascertain knowledge and skills in outbreak detection and response. Following a pilot test and with inputs from public health experts, we finalized the instrument in the local language. The simulation exercise was self-administered among all health inspectors (HI) (n = 39) from a district in South India responsible for outbreak investigation. We collected sociodemographic factors, training, education level, awareness about the surveillance program, outbreak triggers, and prior experience with an outbreak. We assigned a score of 0.25 for each correct response (range 0 to 10.75). We categorized a score of <75% as poor performance. The academic ethics committee of ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology approved the protocol. Results: All the HIs were male except one. Median age is 51 years (Range: 37.5–54). The median years of service is 12 (range 5.3 to 23). Twenty-two received training, and fifteen had prior exposure to an outbreak in the previous year. The overall performance of HIs was poor, with the highest mark being below 40%. The median score in the section of history taking was 0.25 [interquartile range (IQR) 0–0.5], 31% (n = 12) scored zero. The median score in the section of data entry, analysis, and outbreak detection was 0.25 (0–0.25), 28% (n = 11) scored zero. The median score in the section of outbreak response was 0.75 (IQR 0.75–1.13), 5% (n = 2) scored zero. Conclusion: The HIs performed poorly in outbreak preparedness and response. We recommend improving their performance through field-epidemiology training and regular field or facility-based evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a 40-year-old male patient with a large right temporal swelling. Medical history showed that he had undergone right temporo-parietal craniectomy and results of biopsy revealed that he had temporo-parietal glioblastoma multiforme. Results of his magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that his tumor was hyperperfused and with spectral pattern matching that of gliosblastoma multiforme.

Global warming and environmental pollution issues are the challenges that have prompted researchers around the world to recognize biodegradable material as an alternate solution for fossil fuel dependency. The previous literature motivates the researchers to identify alternatives to artificial reinforcement in composite materials. This work utilizes Calotropis gigantea fiber as a strengthening agent, which is generously available as an unused plant in India. Compression molding technique was used for the preparation of specimens with different fiber orientation (0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°, 0°/90°, and 0°/45°/90°) Specimen with 0° fiber orientation registered a maximum value of 142.46 MPa, 93.13MPa, and 81.21 kJ/m2 in Flexural test, Tensile test and Impact test, respectively, than the other orientations. Mechanical testing results establish that the orientation of the fiber will prominently influence in improving the strength. The thermal studies on Calotropis gigantea fiber-epoxy composites through Thermogravimetric Analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry reveal that the composite will withstand more than 600°C temperature and confirm its thermal stability. The combined findings show that Calotropis gigantea fiber in polymer composite can be a possible reinforcing material and suitable for manufacturing accessories for automobile and household applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article has made an attempt to study the faculty perception on Library faculties in Autonomous Arts and Science Colleges in one of the biggest cities in Tamil Nadu, India. There colleges got accredited by National Assessment and Accreditation Council of India, hence thestandard of education and faculties in these colleges are generally behind to be the best. The study used a questionnaire and the results revealed that faculty have a low perception on the collection, services, ICT facilities, manpower and infrastructure facilities of libraries in these colleges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maheshwaram watershed is situated in Ranga Reddy district of at a distance of about 30 km south of Hyderabad. The watershed has an area of 53 km and has hard rock aquifers with semi-arid climate. The study area has been expanding at a fast pace and now has the distinction of being one of the fastest growing urban centers, facing the problem of groundwater depletion and quality deterioration due to the absence of perennial source of surface water and also due to over exploitation. Human activities involving industrial and agricultural development and the inadequate management of land and water resources have, directly or indirectly resulted in the degradation of environment viz. water and soil. In the present study chemical analysis of groundwater samples of the study area, collected in pre- and post-monsoon has been carried out. The analysed data is utilized to characterize the hydro chemical process dominant in the area. Various classification methods such as Piper, Back and Hanshaw, Wilcox, U.S. Salinity Laboratory are employed to critically study the geochemical characteristics of groundwater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Canine distemper virus (CDV) is one of the important causes for canine gastroenteritis. Its genome codes for six structural proteins N, P, M, F, H and L, of which H is important for viral pathogenesis. Availability of CDV molecular epidemiological data is sparse. Our study reports for the first time, isolation of enteric CDV from India and its molecular epidemiology. Methods: We isolated the circulating wild type CDV from cases of canine gastroenteritis recorded during 2019 in India. Partial H gene of the isolates was amplified and phylogeny was reconstructed with other isolates from the NCBI database using MUSCLE from MEGA7. Result: The multiple sequence alignment of the partial H gene of circulating CDV with reference isolates revealed 88-95% nucleotide identity and 83-91% amino acid identity along with the presence of Nde1 restriction site at position 1571-1576 that is typical of wild type CDV isolates. Interestingly, phylogenetic analysis revealed that the circulating CDV were grouped with three different lineages i.e., South America-2, Asia-4 and Asia-5/India-1 and distantly related with the vaccine strains. Our study strengthens the need for the development of a relevant vaccine comprising of circulating viral strains for effective vaccination strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Promotion of maternal health should be an integrated approach comprising adequate planning of pregnancy coupled with the awareness of the available maternal and child health services and its utilization. Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPACR) among antenatal and postnatal women and to assess the factors related to it. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 antenatal and postnatal women attending a tertiary care hospital of Karad. Antenatal women in their third trimester and postnatal women up to Postnatal day-7 were included. Institutional ethical clearance was obtained before the commencement of the study. All the women were interviewed after their informed consent using the appropriately validated and modified BPACR tool developed with respect to the Indian setup. Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression analysis were carried out to determine the various associated factors with BPACR. Results: The study population comprised 55.5% antenatal mothers and 44.5% postnatal mothers. The BPACR index was found to be 59.56, and the maximum had a good BPACR 208 (52%). There was poor knowledge regarding blood transfusion, danger signs, and available community resources. A higher level of education had a statistically significant association with BPACR (46.2%) in women educated above high school). Women belonging to the upper class had two times, and postnatal women had 2.02 times increased chances for a good BPACR. Conclusion: An inclusion of components related to BPACR during pregnancy will improve timely and adequate access to healthcare, better management of complications, and thereby improve both maternal and fetal outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thermostable antimicrobial peptide with broad-spectrum inhibitory activity is of great interest due to its potential application as a biopreservative agent. In the present study, we characterized a Bacillus spp. isolated from fermented foods of Northeast region, India. The selective screening of bacteriocins producers was carried out using B. subtilis based whole-cell biosensors BSF2470 and BS168.BS2. Among 12 isolates showing bacteriocin production, culture with high antibacterial activity was subjected to whole-genome sequencing and referred to as B. subtilis strain SC3.7. Through genome annotation, two bacteriocin genes spa S and sbo A, responsible for the synthesis of sublichenin and subtilosin A were identified. Further, mass spectrometric analysis confirmed the secretion of sublichenin (3346 Da), its succinylated form (3446 Da), and subtilosin A (3399 Da). Interestingly, a unique acyclic variant of subtilosin A (3417 Da) was also determined. The purified peptides were effective against various indicator strains at lower concentrations. Overall, the study reports a B. subtilis strain that produces two bacteriocins sublichenin and subtilosin A. This new combination of bacteriocins can be an effective biopreservative in the food industry. • Bacteriocin producing Bacillus spp. were screened from fermented foods. • Whole genome sequence of a selected strain confirmed B. subtilis SC3.7 • Exhibited wider antibacterial activity with sboA , spa S bacteriocin genes. • MS analysis confirmed the production of sublichenin and subtilosin A. • Succinylated isoform of sublichenin and acyclic form of subtilosin A were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of ethno-veterinary medicine in livestock and human health is well known fact due to its widespread practice across the globe, including India. WHO stated that, 80% of people in developing countries depend on ethno-veterinary practices due to its inexpensive, easy accessibility and its preparations. Further, 50% of all modern drugs originally came from plants directly or its structural modification suggests for its potency and safety. Although, India has well practiced traditional knowledge, it could not capitalize the global market like USA, EU and China. Lack of well documentation of traditional "hidden" practices is one of the major limitations for its less exploitation. Therefore, an explorative study was conducted in participatory mode to explore and document the traditional practices for clinical mastitis management of dairy animals in the district of Bangalore urban, Karnataka. Since, the mastitis is most common and costly diseases of dairy animals in India and frequent reason for veterinary drug residue problem; in the present study, we have documented the indigenous practices and its procedure for the management of clinical mastitis in dairy animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]