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Spirituality has long been an influential force in the lives of many people. Although first quietly ignored in western business settings, the influence of spirituality has recently been a topic of heightened interest to managers and scholars in a large number of countries including the United States. However, in Bahia, Brazil, the fundamentals of spirituality have always been clear and an integral part of the community. As a result, most workplaces in the Bahia region exhibit many indications of the underlying spiritual nature of those employed there. A major component of Brazilian spirituality is the Candomble - religious traditions originating in western Africa. This paper examines the influence of the Brazilian Candomble on workers in Bahia. Organizational and managerial reflections are offered for managers around the globe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focuses of this paper are the improvement of migration methods and their application to the migration between the Brazilian states of Bahia and Sao Paulo.There are several techniques used to measure and categorize migrant movements. However, these techniques still have some limitations. The first aim is to explain previous methods to estimate migration models. Machado (1993) created a formula to estimate probabilities of emigration, but this technique has some errors. In the denominator, the component of emigration needs to be added. In the numerator, children between zero and five years of age need to have special weights, adding the indirect effect of migration. The correction of Machado?s technique is an improvement in the migration study. Another objective is to demonstrate the results obtained from Brazilian Censuses. The main findings suggest higher migration levels from Bahia to Sao Paulo. More industrialized areas attract more female than male migrants, which might be explained by the existence of more labor opportunities for women. The patterns of migration are different between those states. On the one hand, migration to Sao Paulo is more concentrated in labor ages. On the other hand, migration to Bahia presents probabilities that suggest a familiar migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]