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Sudanese refugees in Egypt, who settled primarily in Cairo, encounter serious problems, both legal and economic, in accessing education. Refugees are legally barred from work and from sending their children to government schools and, hence, live in a precarious state. Often, such refugees perceive resettlement in a third country as the only remedy to their predicaments as long as war and massive human rights violations in their country continue. The poor state of the economy has seriously undermined the ability of the Egyptian state to provide social services to its burgeoning population and has negatively influenced its policies and stance towards refugees. This paper critically examines the situation of education for Sudanese refugees forced to operate in the informal economy due to legal and economic reasons. The paper argues that negative consequences of globalization, particularly the rise in numbers of poor people, further marginalized the position of Sudanese refugees in Cairo as the government became less accommodating to foreigners. It argues that more external funding is needed to ameliorate the dismal conditions of refugees and lessen the burden they exert on the host environment. It critiques the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees urban policy that invariably enforces cuts of assistance to refugees in Cairo, while their economic status remains precarious. The paper focuses on grassroots activities with Sudanese communities in Cairo. It is divided into four parts: (1) the introduction defines the main issues to be discussed; (2) gives an account of the status of the Sudanese in Egypt; (3) examines the issue of educational access to Egyptian schools; and (4) concludes the paper. (Contains 16 notes and 35 references.) (BT)

Having a good job and living in a nice community was not an unrealistic dream in the United States for the first half of the twentieth century. There was a golden age when U.S. companies built and nurtured the towns in which their workers lived. But that era began to decline in the early 1970s because of changes in the U.S. economy that allowed for more global competition and increased capital mobility. Through historical processes research an analysis of the end of the American Social Compact was applied to a small paper manufacturing community in Wisconsin. Following a series of corporate acquisitions, the community that was built to make and depend on paper is in decline. Workers and residents no longer have the leverage to make companies care about the communities in which they operate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rise of globalization, education has become increasingly important throughout the world. It is through education that most children develop vital social and mental skills that help them later in life to become successful in the working world. The way a country runs its affairs and how it relates to other countries are based largely on how its youth are educated. Most people realize the need for education; but as long as they see a school building with teachers, they think something productive is happening behind the building walls. This is not always the case. Education varies throughout the world, and the differences in educational standards do more to explain cultural differences than anything else. Thus, the differing standards of education in the United States and South Africa call for a need to standardize the education curricula internationally. This paper shows, through qualitative analysis, what specific differences in standards of education cause people in various countries to act as they do in functioning in the global system. Through archival research of data sources on the educational systems in South Africa and the United States, and examining how these countries act toward others, a relationship between education standards and intercultural communication is shown. This helps to explain how the different standards of education affect international communication.

East Asia is the region which has experienced unprecedented growth in the past few decades. This growth resulted in the increase in education opportunities and the empowerment of women. Modernization and globalization provided opportunities for many women in China, Hong Kong, Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, and Japan. Modern Asian women can obtain higher education and gain status in their careers; they are at the crossroads between tradition and modernity. This paper provides information about the women's movements in China, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan. Readers obtain an understanding of globalization and its impact on women's lives in these societies. It concludes that the status of women has improved dramatically over the last 30 years; but there are still obstacles that prevent women from achieving equity in political participation, equal pay, and equal share of household responsibilities. Contains a 13-item bibliography. (Author/BT)

This paper discusses "constructions" of school size in West Virginia and Ohio and related issues concerned with school and school district consolidation, and the role of education, politics, and globalization. "School size" is not the same as enrollment; grade span and level are important in understandings of size. Socioeconomic status also has an impact, so no one best size fits all cases. Research has shown that small school size and small district size diminish the well-known relationship between socioeconomic status and academic achievement. In contrast to Ohio's 614 school districts, West Virginia has only 55--one for each county. Such large rural districts have considerable power in terms of local employment and politics. In Ohio, the state has long been frustrated in terms of consolidating districts and has now turned to consolidating schools within smaller districts, using the single-campus design in which all schools and district offices are located in one place. The Ohio consolidators have had a hard time convincing the people to give up local engagement with school districts but are having more success in separating communities from their schools. Unfortunately, this bad news is the old bad news. The ongoing bad news concerns changes in who constructs the institutional purposes of schooling and what those purposes are. The purpose of mass education shifted from supporting the existence of nation-states in the 19th century to defending the nation in the mid-20th century, and now it is being affected by the globalization of economics and politics. Schools that are locally cherished will help people resist global trends, but not under the guidance of those whose allegiance lies elsewhere. (SV)

This work explores how young South Asian Americans negotiate cultural identity through mediated global flows. It looks at the hybridization of South Asian and American cultural forms, including music, television, and language. This study introduces readers to MTV Desi, a newly created MTV channel that targets young South Asian Americans. The development of MTV Desi raises further questions related to diaspora, globalization, ethnicity and media representation. This work seeks to bridge the chasm between theory and research by treating globalization as a mediated cultural experience that manifests in the diaspora. Using in-depth qualitative interviews with a carefully selected sample of young South Asian Americans, readers discover concrete examples of the audience’s experiences with hybridization and ways media affect discourse on race and ethnicity. Through selected interview excerpts, respondents express their feelings of misrepresentation in television and film. An important feature of this work is its analysis of the word ‘desi’ among various South Asian groups. It charts new territory in media studies by examining the cross-cultural appropriation of language. Reinvigorating a stale debate on MTV, this study sees MTV Desi as an intermediary of global culture that continues the process of reflecting and reinforcing the ethnic hybridity characteristic of transnational television networks. This study finds that MTV Desi constitutes a reverse flow of globalization as experienced by young South Asian Americans. ..PAT.-Conference Proceeding [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay (re)situates Ritzer's concept of McDonaldization within the context of Hardt and Negri's concept of Empire. The result of this combination is McEmpire, or McDonaldization in the age of Empire. We argue that New Belgium, a Colorado-based craft brewery, communicates the myth of localism, or anti-globalization, in the age of Empire, and that this communicated myth produces a catalyst for the multitude's resistance of Empire. Ritzer's modernist model of McDonaldization did not allow people or companies to resist the McDonaldization phenomenon, but as the shift from modernity to postmodernity takes place, new networks of power are being developed that both establish the conditions of Empire and allow for resistance against Empire. These new networks allow alt-commerce companies, like New Belgium, to compete with the powerful global corporations by selling the myth of anti-globalization. New Belgium, we argue, uses the current transitional period between modernity and postmodernity to construct a nostalgic myth of the pre-postmodern condition. This myth creates the catalyst for resistance against the globalization of the food industry. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article asks us to consider spatial dimensions embedded in Brazil's digital television transformation by looking at the symbolic significance of the medium in Manaus, a transnational city-region that will most likely be the manufacturing hub for the digital technology. Through an analysis of three physical spaces in Manaus implicated in the creation of digital television, the article exposes the political, economic, and social conditions that support, and ultimately contradict, national digital television rhetoric that focuses only on the uses of digital television. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Western model of education is based on reductionism and linear thinking motivated by profit for those at the top. Globalization is the zenith of this Western reductionist philosophy. Its proponents talk about technology providing access to new vocational opportunities, yet fewer people control more of the resources and services. People find that globalization marginalizes them and their communities as jobs, services, and workers leave. It is time to reject the ethnocentric vision that Western education is best. Human potential can be unlocked through holistic education using strategies that Indigenous cultures have used for millennia. Indigenous cultures are community-based and integrate spiritualism, knowledge, skills, law, and responsibility into a seamless cloth of experience. They utilize a practical, experiential methodology of seeing, doing, feedback, and sharing. Holistic education based on Indigenous methodologies is a dynamic, open human relationship that cultivates a critical awareness of the many contexts of learners' lives--moral, cultural, ecological, economical, technological, and political. Such an education recognizes and respects that human intelligence is expressed through diverse styles and capacities. Learning is active, self-motivated, supportive, and encouraging of the human spirit. A holistic curriculum is interdisciplinary, integrating community and global perspectives. If humanity is to survive this millennium, there must be a major paradigm shift toward the community-based approaches of Indigenous peoples. (TD)

This section presents several management consulting conference paper abstracts. The abstracts include "Education and Experience as Antecedents of the Performance of Management Consultants," that analyzes human capital in terms of education and experience; "Being Human: The Real Challenge for the 21st Century," about relationships within business; and "Designing and Processing a Socio-Economic Management Control," which discusses social performance of management control.

This section presents abstracts of several studies on conflict management. One paper addresses the question what leadership means to managers in the German-speaking part of Switzerland as well as to what extent popular U.S. leadership concepts are universally endorsed across cultures. Another presents an attempt to reproblematize certain aspects of narrations and narrative knowledge which seems to be of specific importance for any knowledge management effort. A paper by Andrew Harry Barton and Rick Delbridge examines the extent of involvement of shop-floor workers and supervisors in innovation, continuous improvement and problem solving activities.

The article presents abstracts of conference papers related to technology and innovation management. "Deploying Intellectual Capital for Architectural Innovative Capabilities," by Mohan Subramaniam; "Exploring Industry Implications of Organizational Learning," by David R. King; "The Fragility of Knowledge Sharing: A Behavioral Approach," by Georg Von Krogh; "When Do Acquisitions Facilitate Technological Exploration and Exploitation?," by Paul Almeida.

The article presents several conference paper abstracts on social issues in management. "Constructing Corporate Social Responsibility: The Role of Industry Associations," discusses the nature of trade associations and the role they play in society. "Path Dependence in Firm-Stakeholder Relations," focuses on social responsibility by businesses. "Exploring Recent Business Scandals and Entrepreneurial Antecedents: Ethical Leadership Implications," investigates the relationship between scandals and entrepreneurship.

This article presents several abstracts of studies about organization development and change. In the paper titled "Towards a Holistic Theoretical Framework for the Unfolding of Planned Change," develops a framework for the unfolding of planned change efforts using as empirical field of investigation longitudinal case studies from Greek public organizations that currently are undergoing radical change. "A Construct Validation of a New Job Insecurity Measure (JIM): The Emerging Role of Management" explores the dimensionality of job insecurity. "Responding to a Changing Environment: Adapting Human and Social Capital to Impact Performance," that investigates how a firm responds to a changing environment using a resource-based perspective.

This section presents several abstracts on issues surrounding critical management, including studies on lip sewing and woomera, messy texts and conceptual activism in organization theory, and factors that influence operating performance through the use of gainsharing plans.

This article presents abstracts of studies on international management. The paper "Regional Strategies for Service Sector Multinationals," examined the intra-regional sales of all 49 multinational enterprises (MNE) in the retail sector. Data is not available for most other service sector MNEs, especially in insurance and banking. Only one of these 49 retail MNEs is global, defined as operating with at least 20 percent of its sales in each part of the triad. The paper "Market Equilibrium, Cartel or Lack of Strategy? Entry Level Compensation in Japanese Firms," examined the determinants of base pay for entry level college graduates in Japanese firms. In a sense, Japanese firms' compensation strategy for college hiring is to behave as a cartel and to minimize wage competition. The paper "A Comparative Analysis of Indian and Chinese Negotiating Behavior," highlighted the similarities and differences between Indian and the Chinese negotiating behavior. While a lot has been written about the Chinese approach to negotiations the literature on Indian negotiating behavior is relatively sparse. This paper attempts to fill this gap in the literature by providing a comparative contrast of the negotiating styles in these countries. The starting premise of the paper is that institutional environments affect the ease with which value is created, sustained or amplified over time.

This article presents several conference paper abstracts about organization and management theory. The conference paper entitled "Multiple Logics in the Decision-Making Process," by Sergio Janczak, is a qualitative empirical study that reveals the multiple logics which managers, in undertaking projects, used to influence other employees. This paper seeks to contribute to the literature decision-making process by exploring further the often ignored area of middle management's processes. In addition, as an exploratory approach this paper aims to reveal the factors that influence such processes. The design of this qualitative study includes the identification of a sample of 59 projects undertook by 39 middle managers in 35 complex multidivisional organizations in Canada. The conference paper entitled "The Ecology of Strategic Positioning: Mutualism, Competition, and Inertia," by Stanislav D. Dobrev, Tai-Young Kim, and Glenn R. Carroll develops an ecological theory of the strategic positioning of all firms in an organizational population across its evolution. Drawing on established ecological theories and notions of strategic positioning from the management literature, we contend that processes of mutualism, competition, and inertia shape the propensity of firms to move in the market space.

This article presents several conference paper abstracts on management. In the paper titled 'Interrelatedness and Value Creation in Firm-Stakeholder Networks,' the authors attempt to raise the practical dilemmas of having an agent provocateur or a stakeholder within the firm's network. The paper titled 'Stakeholder Influence Strategies in the Canadian Forest Products Industry' draws upon the stakeholder literature to propose and test hypotheses regarding managerial perceptions about the different types of strategies that organizational stakeholders adopt to influence the sustainability practices of individual firms in the industry. The authors of the paper proposed that resource interdependence and type of stake would determine whether the influence employed by individual stakeholders was direct or indirect via other stakeholders. The paper 'Communication Philanthropy. Multiple Representations to Multiple Stakeholders' examines the accounts given by 100 large firms in the UK for their involvement with the arts. It finds support for strategic philanthropy, but that the strategic intent may be more about meeting a form of social contract or securing a licence to operate. It also adds to the literature by combining the corporate philanthropy and social accounting literatures.

This section presents abstracts of papers related to business policy and strategy, including "Competition, Learning, or Legitimacy: Understanding the Adoption of Websites by Consumer Magazines," about corporate earnings restatements; "A Road to Directorship: How Corporate Executives Secure Positions on Other Firm's Boards," about the role of outside directors; and "A Selection that Cannot Stand the Test: Succession Context and New CEO Dismissal," about executive succession.

The section presents the abstracts of several papers including "Anti-Counterfeiting Strategies and Managerial Confidence in the IPR Regime of Chinese Markets," by Agnes K.Y. Sie and Gerald Erick Fryxell, "The Influence of Industry and Home Country Characteristics on the Pursuit of Firm Innovation," by Brent B. Allred and Kevin Steensma and "Knowledge Flows Within Multinational Corporations: Why Are Some Subsidiaries Isolated?" by L. Felipe Monteiro, Niklas Arvidsson and Julian M. Birkinshaw.

This article presents abstracts of several studies related to critical management. Mark Learmonth focused on research interviews in management studies following philosopher Jacques Derrida. Stephen B. Sloane discussed the prospect of considering human happiness to be a concept relevant to management education. David Paul focused on democracy in the contemporary workplace. John Teta Luhman discussed rational-collective legitimate authority. Martin Wood focused on linking the current global economic model of free markets with free people demanding free and open societies. David Weitzner proposed that business academics need to begin to read Derrida as a philosopher. Emmanuel Metais and Richard Pin focused on how, through subversion, an organization can overturn established dominant models, by attacking their weaknesses and contradictions. Jill Woodilla and Jeanie M. Forray explored the link between justice and political consciousness in organizational life. Mahmoud Ezzamel and Hugh Willmott examined how practices of strategizing in organizations are discursively constructed and enacted. Sarah Brand Stookey explored the meanings and functions of money through analysis of several works.

The purpose of this paper is to paper describes three ways to increase productivity because productivity is important for economy growth in globalization era. In the current era of globalization, the economy is one of the important things in every firm, so productivity, which is one of the indicators of economic growth, cannot be ignored. This paper describes three ways to increase productivity, namely, exports, foreign ownership, and information and communication technology (ICT). Therefore, this paper wants to make companies realize the importance of the impact of productivity on firms. The method used in this paper is the Systematic Literature Review (SLR), in which the process is to identify, evaluate, and interpret research results to provide answers to research. From the results of this paper, it can be found that exports and foreign ownership can have different impacts in different countries and in different fields, whereas ICT does not have different impacts on companies that use or do not use ICT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides abstracts of research papers on technology and innovation management, presented at the 2002 Academy of Management Conference. Topics addressed include the influence of organizational culture on alliance competence and performance and the development of a resource-based model of foreign market entry.

The article presents abstracts on international management topics, which include international transfers of employees, employee participation, and globalization.

This paper aims to illustrate the potential positive effects of Chinese nationalism on foreign countries. It manifests that nationalism might be used as a strategic tool: decreasing hostility from Chinese consumers and using the culture-mixing strategy to legitimize the Chinese market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts on the topic of international management which include one about the effect that status has on diverse business teams, another about the important of trust between cross-cultural organizations, and how globalization effects various international business enterprises.

This section focuses on several studies presented at a conference on international management. The article, "The Impact of Trade Liberalization Policies on National Patters of Corruption and Software Piracy," focuses on the impact of trade liberalization policies on national patterns of corruption and software piracy. "Repetition of Foreign Market Entry Forms: Managerial and Organizational Drivers," studies the repetition of forms of entry in a foreign market by taking into account not only organizational factors but also the managerial risk determinants of such repetitions. "Foreign Expansion Under Uncertainty: A Strategic Real Options Perspective," investigates the expansion of 30 of the largest global manufacturing companies in 6 industries in China over the last 20 years.

The article presents a section of abstracts on conference papers. They include one about black and white photography of life at work and at home, one regarding the structure of leadership as a creative artistic process, and one discussing what the Hawaiian islands can teach about self-improvement for managers.

This section presents several abstracts of studies on issues related to human resources, including "Information Systems and Personnel Department Power: An Institutional Perspective," by Elaine Famdale; "Globalization from Within: Geocentric Career Opportunities in MNCS," by Orly Levy, Schon L. Beechler, Sully Taylor, and Nakiye Boyacigller; and "The Impact of Control on Job Satisfaction in Customer Service Call Centers," by Gillian Wright and Ed Rose.

This section presents abstracts of several business policy and strategy conferences held in the U.S. as of August 2003. 'Complementary Resources and the Prediction of Post-Acquisition Performance,' by David R. King, Rebecca J. Slotegraaf, Idalene F. Kesner and Tom Lenz shows that acquisitions, on average, do not improve firm performance. 'Exploring Competing Motivations Behind the Acquisition of High-Technology Targets,' by David R. King represents a significant contribution by demonstrating conflicting findings in existing merger and acquisition research may result from alternate motivations behind merger and acquisition activity. 'Strategic Inertia Determinants: Analyzing the Size, Middle Manager, and Competitive Intensity Mix,' by Willie Edward Hopkins, Ajay Menon, Christian Homburg and Shirley Ann Hopkins, revisits firm size as a determinant of strategic inertia. 'Restructuring in Japanese Companies: Foreign Ownership, Strategic Investments, and Firm Performance' by Parthiban David, Toru Yoshikawa and Abdual A. Rasheed shows that foreign ownership leads to reduction in research and development and capital expenditures as well as improvement in performance, especially for firms with high free cash flow that are likely to have the most severe agency problems.

The article provides abstracts of symposium papers examining management research methods, presented at the 2002 Academy of Management Conference. Topics addressed include international perspectives on radical innovation, diversity and multiculturalism in the globalized organizational landscape, and the influence of multiple forms of diversity on team outcomes over time.

The article presents a section of international management abstracts including "Individual and Firm Level Networking in the Biotechnology Sector: An International Perspective," "The Role of Sociocultural Processes in Mergers and Acquisitions: Building Integrated Human Networks," and "Globalization and Knowledge Activism from Malaysia, India and Mexico: Networking Among Disciplines."

Dealing with production planning and scheduling in modern production networks becomes more and more complex. Globalization and mass customization are two megatrends influencing this trend especially in automotive suppliers’ industry due to the high internationality of plants and factory of an industrial company as well as the heterogeneous product portfolio. However, there are some tools, methods and principles which can counteract this trends and help making production planning more agile digital. During this paper, a digital and automated Kanban solution will be implemented at a certain process in an automotive supplier’s plant. To make the effects visible, the current process and its weaknesses are visualized in a value stream map of the current situation with conventional Kanban planning during the Analysis phase. Thus, the future, optimized value stream with the use of a digital and automated Kanban solution is designed and mentioned in the results. In summary, the introduction of this Kanban solution can lower the costs of the planning process. In the example used in this paper, the total costs for this quantity of Kanban can be decreased by over 50%. Further, other weaknesses of this process could be erased as well. Those results are differentiated in a practical and a monetary comparison. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic globalization is the increasing economic interdependence of national economies across the world through a rapid increase in cross-border movement of goods, service, technology and capital. Whereas globalization is centered on the rapid development of science and technology and increasing cross-border division of labour, economic globalization is propelled by the rapid growing significance of information in all types of productive activities and marketization; the advance of science and technologies. It provides several things to several people with removal of all trade barriers among countries. Globalization happens through three channels: trade in goods and services, movement of capital and flow of finance. Globalization in India is generally taken to mean 'integrating' the economy of the country with the world economy. The real thrust to the globalization process was provided by the new economic policy introduced by the Government of India in July 1991 at the behest of the IMF and the World Bank. The current paper is an attempt to critically analyze of the impact of globalization on Indian Small-Scale Industries. The main theme of the paper is to evaluate the performance of SSI, after globalization and to know the impact of Globalization on the performance of SSI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts on topics about social issues in management which include the responses of firms to radical regulatory change, plagiarism among Academy of Management members, and a global governance framework for corporate social responsibility.

The article presents abstracts on critical management topics which include sociologist Pierre Bourdieu's position in organizational studies, the role of actor network theory as a critical approach to organizational historiography, and the relationship between ethics and politics in organizations.

The impact of globalization on economic growth has not yet been fully explored. This influence cannot be theoretically defined as strictly positive or strictly negative. Empirical studies show that different countries receive different benefits from globalization. Also, the dimensions and subdimensions of globalization often vary in the intensity of their impact on countries or even vary between positive and negative effects. Due to their specificity, the impact of globalization on developing countries is of particular interest. Five of those countries, the so-called BRICS countries are analyzed in this paper. This paper finds positive and statistically significant impact of globalization on economic growth in BRICS countries from 1993 to 2016. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These papers come from a 2001 conference that explored language policy issues at the global, U.S. national, and California regional levels. There are 15 papers in five sections. Section 1, "National Language Policy," includes (1) "Language and Globalization: Why National Policies Matter" (Chester D. Haskell) and (2) "Real World Language Politics and Policy" (Joseph Lo Bianco). Section 2, "Language Policy, Migration, and Indigenous Peoples," includes (3) "Immigrant Integration: The Ongoing Process of Reform in France and Quebec" (James Archibald) and (4) "Education Language Policies in Francophone Africa: What Have We Learned from Field Experiences?" (Hassana Alidou and Ingrid Jung). Section 3, "National Security and Language Policy," includes (5) "The Language Crisis in the United States: Language, National Security and the Federal Role" (Richard D. Brecht and William P. Rivers); (6) "Meeting Current and Future Language Needs of the German Public Sector, with Special Emphasis on Defense" (Herbert Walinsky); and (7) "Heritage Languages and the National Security: An Ecological View" (Bernard Spolsky). Section 4, "Linguistic Rights and Language Policy," includes (8) "Linguistic Rights, Language Planning and Democracy in Post-Apartheid South Africa" (Neville Alexander); (9) "The Other Languages of Multicultural Europe: Perceptions, Facts and Educational Policies" (Guus Extra); (10) "Quebec's Language Policy: Perceptions and Realities" (Guy Dumas); and (11) "Language Policy for Multicultural Japan: Establishing the New Paradigm" (John C. Maher). Section 5,"Language Policy and Foreign Language Education," includes (12) "Foreign Language Policies in Europe, with Special Reference to the Roles of the Council of Europe and the European Union" (John L.M. Trim); (13) "Fish Bowl, Open Seas and the Teaching of English in Japan" (Yoshida Kensaku); (14) "Language Policy and Planning in Tunisia: Accommodating Language Policy" (Mohamed Daoud); and (15) "English Language Education in China" (He Qixin). (Papers contain references.) (SM)

The article presents abstracts on business policy and strategy topics which include the complexities of top management team (TMT) composition, insights about dynamic capabilities observed from simulated evolving competition, and venture capital syndication in China.

The Mass Communication and Society Division of the proceedings contains the following 12 papers: "Free Congress Research and Education Foundation: An Extremist Organization in Think Tank Clothing?" (Sharron M. Hope); "Presence in Informative Virtual Environments: The Effects of Self-Efficacy, Spatial Ability and Mood" (Lynette Lim, Linda A. Jackson, Frank Biocca, Gretchen Barbatsis, Keith Bradburn, Ming Tang, Alexander Von Eye, Yong Zhao, and Hiram Fitzgerald); "Cognitive Mapping: Another Window Into the Ethical Reasoning of Journalists" (Sandra L. Borden); "Sources of Influence on People's Perceptions of the Quality of Life Available in Their Communities and Elsewhere" (Leo W. Jeffres, Kimberly A. Neuendorf, Cheryl Campanella Bracken, and David Atkin); "September 11 and the Newslore of Vengeance and Victimization" (Russell Frank); "Agenda Setting and International News: Media Influence on Public Perceptions of Foreign Nations" (Wayne Wanta, Guy Golan, and Cheolhan Lee); "Public Perceptions of the Phrase 'God Bless America'" (John V. Bodle and Larry L. Burriss); "Quantifying Globality in Hollywood Film" (Jonathan Obar); "Mapping Deviance: The Role of News Content in Communicating Legitimacy" (Tim P. Vos); "Modeling Internet Current Affairs News Usage from Perceived Credibility of Internet News, Internet Dependency Relations, and Social Locus" (Jin Yang); "Exploring the Effects of Web Advertising on Readers' Perceptions of On-line News" (Hyeseung Yang and Mary Beth Oliver); and "Patriarchy v. Functional Truth: Assessing the Feminist Critique of Intimate Violence Reporting" (John McManus and Lori Dorfman). (RS)

Materials from Agora 12 demonstrate that the disabled are merely another side of ourselves and training for them is a means of developing and acquiring independence and of becoming absorbed into society. A Foreword outlines the subjects of the three sessions: social solidarity and mental disability; training of the mentally psychologically disabled and the transition from institution to integration; and training of trainers and other professionals providing support for the mentally disabled and assisting their integration into economic life. A 36-item bibliography and agenda follow. The 15 presentations are "Mental Health: Medical Fact or Social Construct" (Gaye Hutchison); "Disability and Independence: Improving the Quality of Life of Disabled People" (Carmen Duarte);"Professional Training of the Mentally Disabled in Enterprises in the Open Labor Market" (Helmut Heinen); "Job Creation for the Mentally Disabled: New Approaches in Germany Through Integration Enterprises and Employment Companies" (Rainer Dolle); "The Effects of Globalization on the Mentally Disabled" (Alberto Alberani); "Economic Costs and Benefits of Integrating Disabled People into the Labor Market: An (sic) European Look" (Juan Carlos Collado); "Permitting the Mentally Disabled a Genuine and Appropriate Exercise of Their Rights" (Annet De Vroey); "The Initial and Continuing Training of the Mentally Disabled in Lifelong Education and Training" (Christian Robert); "Education and Training Proposed to Persons with Learning Disabilities in the Different European Countries" (Victoria Soriano); "Occupational and/or Personal IndependenceThe Role and Significance of Sheltered Employment in the Emancipation Process" (Gerard Zribi); "The Normal Environment as a Training Ground and Indicator of Personal Potential for Disabled Workers and Their Trainers" (Yvonne Schaeffer); "How Does a Trainer Working with the Mentally Disabled Differ from Any Other Teacher or Trainer?" (Hans-Juergen Pitsch): "Training of Trainers in Learning Disability ServicesIs Learning or Disability the Issue?" (Paul Twynam); "Training of Trainers of the Mentally Disabled in Europe" (Angelika Buehler); and "How Useful Are Networks of Trainers and of Trainers of Trainers in Preparing Them for Their Very Special Role?" (Raymond Ceccotto). A summary of discussions (Victoria Koukouma) is provided. Several presentations include bibliographies. (YLB)

Information technology has been currently required to support learning transformation and innovation, so as to build a new ecosystem of artificial intelligence (AI) education. One of the core intelligences of AI is language intelligence, and the combination of AI and human language is a new stage and inevitable trend of foreign language education. AI and human language lab, as the practical products of AI in the field of information-based language teaching, provide ideas for AI to promote language teaching reform. Based on the practice of the Artificial Intelligence and Human Languages Lab of Beijing Foreign Studies University (BFSU•AI), this paper discusses the progress and challenges faced by Chinese universities in the field of language teaching, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions. Officially established in December 2019, the BFSU • AI focuses on the research of language teaching based on AI, and promotes the breakthroughs in frontiers' language research. In this paper, a case study method is used to investigate the practice of BFSU • AI. Based on the interviews with a manager and teachers of BFSU•AI and the analysis of relevant policy documents on the construction of AI in China, this paper summarizes the characteristics of AI and human language lab in Chinese colleges and universities. In the context of globalization, how to carry out effective language teaching is an important challenge for China to cultivate international talents. In the future, China's AI laboratory should pay attention to the integration of technology and culture in the teaching environment of language teaching, strengthen the connection between institutions and scholars in construction, and deepen the research in the theoretical and applied area. This paper aims to enrich the research results of AI in the field of language teaching, promote the training of China language talents and the construction of teaching staff, and provide China experience and model of information-based language teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reflects on the interface between internationalisation of higher education and global citizenship education (GCE) focusing on the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 - Quality Education -- which aims to guarantee inclusive, equitable and quality education for all. GCE is related to SDG4 as it acknowledges interrelationships of the global, national and local aspects of higher education. So as to reflect about these interrelations, the present study reports on an outreach project11 whose aim was to link research results through an outreach project from UFES to develop the internationalisation of small companies in the State of Espirito Santo, Brazil, in connection with another project at University of Valencia, Spain. This paper reports on a meta-analysis of a corpus of 20 studies produced at UFES and the needs analysis carried at the University of Valencia (UV) to illustrate the interconnections between innovation, internationalisation and GCE in relation to SDGs 4. The internationalisation of UFES was analysed in relation to the university's triple mission of offering research, outreach and teaching activities/opportunities. The results of the metaanalysis suggest that the internationalisation of UFES is related to its triple mission of offering teaching actions (analysed in the Business Administration course of UFES and UV), research (analysed in papers produced at UFES) and outreach (analysed in relation to the outreach/internationalisation project at UFES and UV). The analyses of preliminary findings of the projects at UFES and UV suggest that the process of internationalisation of the university is related to the SDG4 which in turn is related to the promotion of innovation of the curriculum fostering GCE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This literature review aims to examine the current state of SQB theory by looking at its evolution, most used constructs, contextual coverage and propose new SQB constructs to a revised model. More specifically, this paper examines SQB research published from 2010 to 2021. While some work has been done on examining the application of SQB theory within their context, the associated SQB constructs in which this work was achieved are frequently observed. Investigating the papers from a theoretical and contextual view exposes that IS researchers have continuously used SQB, yet primary attention is on existing theories with little attention to contextual differences even though a fast-moving IT appearance is present in the field. Regardless of the context, researchers can learn lessons on SQB learned from other scholars and move beyond to further enrich the understanding of SQB with an expansion of the existing SQB literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts of international management topics which include the role of personal values in job choice, international research and development networks in the consumer electronics industry, and immigrant entrepreneurs' bicultural identity integration and social capital creation.

In this paper, we give a new method for solving the MID CPLP problem that results when vertical decomposition is applied to two-stage capacitated warehouse location problem (see Sharma and Agarwal (2014)). In the MID CPLP problem, warehouses are locatable in stage 1 and stage 2 (thus incurring fixed costs), and we incur transportation costs as goods are transported from stage 1 to stage 2. Here in MID CPLP, we minimize the sum total of the cost of warehouse location (stage 1 and stage 2) and transportation. In the method due to Sharma and Agarwal (2014), the decomposition is followed where location variables at one of the stages are relaxed, and it is reduced to LHS CPLP (Left Hand Side Capacitated Plant/Warehouse Location Problem), and reasonable bounds are obtained by the procedures given by Verma and Sharma (2007). Thus, in the method, due to Sharma and Agarwal (2014), the problem TSCWLP is reduced to LHS CPLP, MID CPLP (that is again reduced to LHS CPLP) and an RHS CPLP. This paper reduces the problem TSCWLP to LHS LP (linear program), MID CPLP and RHS LP (linear program). It is expected to offer good computational advantages. This procedure is outlined in detail in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Her World has been the top- selling women's magazine in Singapore for over 40 years. To remain relevant to the to Chinese, Indian, and Malay readers in Singapore the content and the advertising in this magazine would have reflected the trends of the times. Thus, a historical analysis of the content of advertising images in Her World over forty years should tells us a great deal about how Asian women of various races have seen themselves reflected in the pages of a popular Asian women's magazine. The findings suggest that while Her World originally featured women of diverse races in the advertising, over time, it has come to mainly feature one, homogeneous type of model: the Caucasian woman. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the process of how a knowledge-intensive startup with a potentially disruptive Power-To-X technology (that improves indoor air quality by capturing CO2 and converting it to synthetic renewable fuels) can internationalize through temporary teaming on a digital platform of experts. The study is embedded in the internationalization and entrepreneurship literature, and provides insights into both “now”, and “post-pandemic future”, how knowledge-intensive SMEs organize international opportunity creation processes. Conducted as an action research case with rich empirical data, we extend an understanding of how digital temporary organizing in teams can be used for international opportunity creation. In addition, we provide insights about associated opportunities and challenges in this process and outline future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]