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Cosponsored by Hanyang University as a demonstration of its founding philosophy, "love in deed and truth," this conference focused on literacy and languages from cross-cultural and instructional perspectives. The papers selected for this yearbook and their authors are as follows: (1) "Designing Tasks for Slow Learners in L2" (R.B. Somerville-Ryan); (2) "How Children Cope with the Sentential Mode of Representation in Writing" (Yuji Moro); (3) "Cross-Cultural Comparisons of the Cognitive Processes Used by United States, European, and Asian Students in Constructing Text: Focus on Asia" (Eunice Schmidt and Randall Schmidt); (4) "The Relationships among Alternative Measures of Reading Comprehension in Learning Disabled Students" (Lynn Z. Lang); (5) "Ten Years of Reading Research: Applications for the Classroom Teacher" (Stinson E. Worley and Bruce W. Mossman); (6) "Influencing Change in Language Teaching Strategies through Inservice Education" (Claudia Sullivan); (7) "Role of L1 Literacy in L2 Reading Comprehension" (Safiah Osman); (8) "The Korean Bilingualism in China and U.S.S.R." (Youngsoon Park); and (9) "English as an International Language: Implications and Issues" (Uhn-kyung Choi). (Included are the Bylaws of Literacy and Languages in Asia as well as addresses by Lyun Joon Kim of Hanyang University and Sung-Ok Cho of Unesco.) (HOD)

Although the American political system is characterized by commitment to democracy and self-determination, the American government has traditionally taken an interest in the political development of other countries. The recent intervention of the U.S. in the political development of Southwest Africa/Namibia is an example. In the body of this paper the author reviews in detail the history of political domination by certain groups over other groups, as demonstrated by (1) the development of France as a nation from a territorial stage, (2) Ian Smith's transitional government in Rhodesia, (3) struggles among tribal groups for political control or identity in Zambia, Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda, and (4) tension between ethnic groups in Guyana, Trinidad-Tobago, Malaysia, and Sri Lanka. The author concludes that the political needs of multi-ethnic countries cannot be fulfilled by unitary territorial democracy or by territorial federalism. Each group must be able to organize politically and to administer its own affairs with an equitable share of public resources. Where nationalities are intermingled, the principle of personal autonomy should be invoked, enabling the organs of each nationality to provide education, cultural facilities, and other services. In this way, political socialization can build on traditional social groups instead of destroying them. (Author/AV)

This volume contains papers on regional and global trends that affect the political factors which are changing the context within which academic mobility occurs: (1) "Introduction" (by Peggy Blumenthal and others); (2) "Political Dimensions of Regionalism in a Changing World" (David Leyton-Brown); (3) "Economic Dimensions of Regionalism" (Gary Hufbauer and Anup Malani); (4) "Cultural Dimensions of Regionalization" (Robert Picht); (5) "International Education from the Perspective of Emergent World Regionalism: The Academic, Scientific and Technological Dimension" (Malcolm Skilbeck and Helen Connell); (6) "Developments in the Internationalization of Higher Education in Europe" (Gisela Baumgratz-Gangl); (7) "Regional Cooperation and Mobility in a Global Setting: The Example of the European Community:" (Alan Smith); (8) "Academic Mobility Programmes in a Regional Context: A German Viewpoint" (Karl Roeloffs); (9) "East-West Academic Mobility within Europe: Trends and Issues" (Ladislav Cerych); (10) "The Hungarian Experience of Academic Cooperation with North America and the European Community" (Tamas Lajos); (11) "Academic Mobility in Russia" (Stanislav Merkurlev); (12) "International Cooperation Activities of Canadian Universities: North American and Other Current Trends" (Eva Egron-Polak); (13) "The Future of Educational Exchange in North America: A View from the United States" (Stanley N. Katz); (14) "From Threat to Opportunity: A New Perspective for the Development of International Education in North America" (Sylvia B. Ortega Salazar); (15) "Academic Mobility and Exchange in Brazil" (Eunice Ribeuro Durham); (16) "Japan and International Academic Mobility in Asia and the Pacific" (Yoshiya Abe); (17) "Academic Mobility in South-East Asia and the Role of Thai Higher Education" (Wichit Srisa-An); (18) "International Education in Australia: Historical Trends, Current Developments and Challenges for the Future" (Elizabeth Anderson); (19) "International Academic Cooperation in the Arab Region: Past, Present and Future" (Salah Morsi); (20) "Regional Cooperation and Mobility in Higher Education: The Implications for Human Resource Development in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Relevance of Recent Initiatives to Europe" (Anthony Smallwood and T. L. Maliyamkono); (21) "Research on Academic Mobility and International Cooperation in Higher Education: An Agenda for the Future" (Ulrich Teichler); (22) "Academic Mobility in a Changing World: Concluding Reflections on the Issues at Stakes" (Crauford D. Goodwin); and (23) "Bibliography" (Albert Over). The bibliography contains about 1,500 references. (JB)

The US and Canada have significant differences in their foreign policy towards developing countries. The assumption is that the nature of knowledge they produce on these world regions would be distinct. This paper on doctoral dissertations as the negotiated products of power relations between professors and students compares the findings of an historical analysis of U.S. and Canadian university-produced doctoral dissertations on communication-related subjects on Asia, Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean since 1960. This paper will track changes over the last four decades in the nature of the research question investigated, theories, methods, applications, local situatedness or universalism of the enquiry, sources of funding, national origin of the researcher, location of the study, university which accepted the dissertation, and the scholarly tradition of the advisor. Bella Mody is James de Castro Professor in Global Media Studies at the School of Journalism and Mass Communication at University of Colorado, Boulder. Among her publications are: International and Development Communication: A 21st Century Perspective (Thousand Oaks: Sage, 2003) and Handbook of Intercultural and International Communication (Thousand Oaks: Sage, 2001). ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The success of Korean wave across Asia alone creates very interesting discussion of the dynamic interplay of the cultural, economic and political forces in the regional locality. In East Asia, where the impact of Korean wave is mostly felt, the heat of the discussion is focused on how notions of cultural proximity and cultural nationalism mingle with creative economies, government ideologies and foreign policies. Among the many epicenters, I think China provides an excellent position for investigating the tensions as well as dynamisms evoked by the Korean wave: how the intensified transnationalization of media is played out in two cultures (i.e. China and Korea) that are so similar in their political, economic and cultural pasts and futures in the age of globalization. How competing nationalisms also mingle with the spirit of cultural understanding and economic cooperation in these two economically co-eval, culturally proximate governments, as they grapple with the rapid ascension into the world stage with their economic success. In this paper, I would further complicate the discussion by offering Chinese women's consumption of Korean cosmetics and dramas as a site to test how ideologues of femininity and beauty get caught up with issues of consumerism and nationalism, at a time when both countries are raging high on its economic development and competing for a favoured place in the sun in the international stage. The entry of Korean cosmetics and notions of beauty in China happen at a time when consumer revolution is the dominant 'revolutionist' ideology in China. Young urban women find themselves clad with the national task to consume as a way to further boost China's raging economy. A new look is needed in the search of a new urban womanhood to match the image of the rapidly transforming nation. Using interviews and ethnographies of patrons in cosmetic surgery hospitals and female Chinese audiences of Korean TV dramas, I will hope to gain an insight into the following questions: How does the Korean wave play a role in transforming notions of beauty and femininity among young women in China? How are cultural proximity and cultural nationalism (inter)played at the reception end in constructing this new look of womanhood, at a time when young women are grappling with shifting gender relations (as a result of the one-child policy), and consumerism becoming the new ideology in modern China? ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on the role of Asia in the rise and fall of U.S. hegemony. The American attack on Afghanistan underscored the overwhelming military superiority it enjoyed over all other great powers. While Asian states rake in record current account surpluses, the dependence of several states in the region on the U.S. for protection, led them to play an insignificant role in world politics. Since the recovery of Asian economies from the economic meltdown of 1997- 98 was based on exports, in a bid to maintain favorable exchange rates, these states recycled their current account surpluses to the U.S.