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Grapevine pruning is one of the most essential tools to ensure grapes quality and efficient yields of vineyards. Vine horticultural performance and leaf physiology of grapevine are influenced by viticultural practices. One of these practices is represented by pruning. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of pruning system on leaf physiology and vine performance. Currently, viticulture as a sector of agriculture is a priority sector for national and European Union policies that receive support and funding to ensure the competitiveness of wine-growing and the quality of wine products. In this context, the management of vineyard is essential to ensure the competitiveness of viticultural farms. The experiment was carry out on field conditions in a Stefanesti non-irrigated mature vineyard for two grapevine Vitis vinifera L. cultivars. The grapevines were represented by two Romanian table grape varieties: Vitis vinifera L. cv. Argessis and Vitis vinifera L. cv. Augusta. The training system used for grapevine was represented by Cazenave bilateral and cordon spur pruning with 14 buds per vine cordon. Effects of the pruning system on leaf physiology and vine performance were expressed using the following parameters: leaf area, photosynthesis rate (μmol CO2 m-2 s-1) in leaves, the relative water content (%) in leaves, respiration rate (μmol CO2 m-2 s-1), coefficient of relative and absolute fertility, relative and absolute productivity index. The coefficient of absolute fertility had a higher value for Augusta under the influence of cordon spur pruning and Argessis cultivar under the influence of Cazenave pruning. The highest value of photosynthesis rate was determined in Argessis for Cazenave pruning (7,643 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1). Grapevine canopy management by pruning is essential to select the best pruning method taking in consideration the local environment and grapevine cultivars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Being a common reef building coral in Malaysian waters, growth of Acropora Formosa in natural reef habitat and coral nursery condition had been studied in aspects of extension growth, survival and proto-branch generation. The study sites took place at two separate islands with different environment conditions. In this study, A. formosa samples of natural reefs at Pangkor Island turbid waters recorded better growth in average extension rate (0.71 ±0.48 cm/month) and higher proto-branch generation rate (up to 52% after 6 months) than Tioman Island samples (0.38 ±0.34 cm/month, highest 17% after 6 months). However, Tioman Island natural reef samples maintained 100% survival throughout the study period. Then, branch fragments or nubbins of A. formosa were transplanted into two coral nursery sites at Tioman Island. Among these two coral nurseries, the Tekek site had better growth in all three aspects than Air Batang site. This was believed due to Tekek nursery had been setup with nubbins for more than 6 months before Air Batang nursery, thus the Tekek samples were conditioned long enough for growing in the coral nursery environment. The results of this study documented the growth of this particular coral species in two islands of Peninsular Malaysia, and demonstrated the potential application of A. Formosa for coral transplant, in situ nursery and active reef restoration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]