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Voltage — Var Control and Optimization (VVC&O) mechanism in distribution system assisted by local controllers and Distributed Management System (DMS) helps in meeting operating criterion and achieving energy savings. Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR) with VVC&O allows reduction in peak load and energy consumption, by having flat voltage profile near lower bound of ANSI Standards (114V), while maintaining power factor within limit. To estimate the energy saving, CVR factor is needed and accurate load modeling is required to estimate CVR factors. In this work, distribution system was modeled and simulated utilizing data from one of the feeder in Pullman, WA. This paper presents the results of the study done on improving the VVC capabilities by integrating Smart Meter Infrastructure. Load Modeling was done by observing the behavior of loads at each house and comparing the smart meter data with the simulation results. Precision of developed load model provides enough information to make a decision on required changes in voltage at a substation at a given time for energy saving without violating operation criterion. Results of VVC&O show that energy saving of 4–5% can be achieved at the typical distribution substation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This panel session paper speculates on new computer applications that may become feasible because of increasing installation of phasor measurement units (PMU) in the high voltage power grid. Some of these applications are already being experimented with — like oscillation detection and dynamic state estimation. Most of these applications are ‘open loop’ and are used as advisory tools or analytical tools for operators. However, the idea of using phasor measurements as inputs to closed loop control raises exciting possibilities and has spawned a new area of research. Wide Area Control and Wide Area Protection (also known as Special Protection Schemes (SPS or SIPS)) are being introduced. The use of State Estimation output as the input to control (also known as Model Based Control) is a topic of research. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Simulation-based evaluation of the behavior of the electric grid is complex, as it involves multiple, heterogeneous, interacting cyber-physical system like domains. Each simulation domain has sophisticated tools, but their integration into a coherent framework is a very difficult, time-consuming, laborintensive, and error-prone task. This means that computational studies cannot be done rapidly and the process does not provide timely answers to the planners, operators and policy makers. Furthermore, grid behavior has to be tested against a number of scenarios and situations, meaning that a huge number of simulations must be executed covering the potential space of possibilities. Designing and efficiently deploying such computational experiments by utilizing multi-domain tools for integrated smart grid is a major challenge. This paper addresses these important issues by integrating multiple modeling tools from diverse domains in a single coherent framework for integrated simulation of smart grids. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper, a framework for a real-time wide area controller is established for damping small-signal instability related events in interconnected power systems. Offline designing is performed to design the centralized controller for each inter-area mode of the power system. Residue approach is used to select the most effective stabilizing signals and controller locations. Different constant time delays are taken into controller parameters design. Thus an offline controller database is formed, including different controllers of each mode. The parameters of each controller are different for various ranges of time delay. The damping and other mode information will be identified by online multi-Prony analysis. When an inter-area mode is detected with weak or negative damping, say less than 3%, the corresponding controller for the detected mode will be initiated and deployed for enhancing the damping of the problematic mode. The time delay, which is used to select a suitable set of parameters for a chosen controller, could be calculated online, using the time stamps of the actuator and feedback signal. The paper proposes the framework of the controller with preliminary discussions on the various components of the controller, including: 1) the offline controller database, 2) the online detection of undamped oscillations, and 3) the online corrective control actions at the actuator. The 4-machine 2-area case study results demonstrated the advantage of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

With the mature of synchronized phasor measurements technology, developing a phasor measurement units (PMUs) based wide-area damping control system becomes feasible. This paper discusses two practical considerations in the design of a PMU-based wide-area damping control system for power grid inter-area oscillations. The first consideration is the selection of PMU measurements. The second consideration is the selection of PMU data reporting rates. In this work, the synthesis of the damping controller is defined as a problem of mixed H2/H∞ output-feedback control with regional pole placement and solved by the Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) approach. A two-area four-machine test system is used to illustrate these issues. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This panel session paper outlines one of the research thrust areas in the Power System Engineering Research Center's (PSERC) new initiative funded by the US Department of Energy (DOE) to investigate requirements for a systematic transformation of today's electric grid to enable high penetrations of sustainable energy systems. The proposed research under this thrust area aims at defining and determining the feasibility of wide area control and protection that will be needed in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article explores how complex systems in electronic design function and try a functional verification. These verifications are done in areas like airplane designs, mars exploration missions, modeling and rendering of movie animations and continent-wide national power grids. The planning and design of the power grid is incremental and components have to be added to replace old equipment and meeting expanding requirements.