Search

This study aims to determine the understanding of teachers at SDN 223 Inpres Kole on the value of leadership character in the tallu bakaa philosophy (manarang na kina, sugi' na barani, bida). This research is qualitative research and the type of qualitative descriptive research. Methods of data collection using observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that teachers at SDN 223 Inpres Kole still lacked understanding of the value of leadership characters contained in the tallu bakaa philosophy (manarang na kina, sugi' na barani, bida). There is no teacher who writes down the meaning of manarang na kina (clever and wise) as a unit. There are only 2 teachers who understanding sugi' na barani (rich and brave). Almost all teachers have the same understanding of bida (nobility). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tall and large wooden buildings using Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) increase around the world. If CLT is used as earthquake proof walls and floors, the horizontal force is applied at the in-plane direction of CLT panel. It is important to understand the in-plane shear performance of CLT because the in-plane shear force increases in the large structure in earthquake countries. In this research, the asymmetric 4-point bending test were used to obtain the in-plane shear performance of CLT which was made of Japanese Cedar (Sugi). The specimen's parameters were span and loading direction. As a result, it was found that the bending failure occurred when the span/depth ratio exceeded 2 times. Therefore, it was found difficult to adapt for CLT in-plane shear test method using long span specimen. In addition, the strong axis showed 1.3 times as larger shear strength as the weak axis and the shear strength had a different shear value depending on the loading direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbons formed from biomass have many potential applications including as absorbents for environmental contaminants, catalysts, and constituents of various medicines. Bamboo and Japanese cedar leaves were used as the starting materials for carbonization at temperatures up to 200° C using dry steam below the saturated vapor pressure which has the ability to dehydrate hydrocarbons. These carbonization processes were studied using a continuous pipe line autoclave under non-equilibrium conditions. The effect of various reaction conditions on carbonization were examined by thermal analysis, extraction components, and surface observation. The bamboo carbonization product exhibited the ability to highly adsorb chlorinated organic compounds such as chloroform in aqueous solution compared with a commercial activated carbon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As one of main biomass wastes in Japan, Sugi (Japanese cedar) leaves were chipped and treated for preparation of charcoal at mild temperature (250 – 450 °C) using superheated steam with controllable pressure. After the treatment, the solid residual charcoal was examined by FT-IR and CHN elemental analysis. The results suggest that degree of carbonization was significantly affected by treating temperature, time and partial pressure of steam. A temperature above 400 °C and a partial pressure of steam above 4 MPa are necessary for accelerating and completing the carbonization within 2 hours. Adsorption experimental results of charcoal show that the residual charcoal has an excellent absorbability for ammonia gas and heavy metal ion Pb2+. Therefore it is expectable to develop mild superheated steam as reaction medium for preparing valuable charcoal products from biomass wastes with lower energy cost. © 2006 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]