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Functional and structural investigation of protein binding performance after mutation is a significant challenge. A protein function is closely related to its structural stability. Phospholipase C epsilon-1 (PLCE1) gene is encodes the 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase epsilon-1 protein. Due to mutation in this protein underlying cause of sever steroid resistance type 3 nephrotic syndrome, in which the mutation location was found in PI-PLC-X domain of studied protein. The studied protein was expressed in epithelial cell in the renal tissue. Here in The binding performances were evaluated using molecular docking of Boerhavia diffusa plant extracts like Boeravinon A, Boeravinon B, Boeravinon C, Boeravinon D, Boeravinon E and Boeravinon F with both native and mutant models of PI-PLC-X domain of PLCE1. We found that Boeravinon F was an effective phytochemical against type 3 nephrotic syndrome based on the overall docking investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pregnancy associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a significant fetal and maternal risk, including developing preeclampsia, prematurity and progress of renal function. Is CKD a barrier in conception? The aim of the study was to monitor the maternal and fetal evolution and complications occurring during pregnant patients with different degrees of CKD. Our study used a descriptive and prospective plan for analyzing pregnancies of women with CKD and the fetal and maternal impact of it. A total of 23 patients were included in the study and were followed for three years. Results: Of total number of 104 patients with renal pathology included in studied group, 23 had chronic kidney disease (22%) and the rest of it had acute renal insufficiency or infectious renal pathology. Depending on the evolution of CKD there were 8 cases with acute deterioration of renal function and 15 cases in which the renal function remained stationary. The underlying renal disease was represented by autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy, chronic pyelonephritis, glomerular nephropathies, and women who have already been on hemodialysis therapy. Urinary tract infections, nephrotic syndrome and preeclampsia were the main causes of acute on CKD. Complications were represented by spontaneous abortions, prematurity, septic shock and, in some cases, followed by progression of CKD stage. Conclusions: Pregnancy associated with CKD represents a challenge for physicians, even in early stages, and it is necessary to be monitored in a multidisciplinary team, for reducing fetal and maternal risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nephrotic syndrome, the most common kidney disease in children, has been associated with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-α). This study aimed to assess the role of vitamin D3 supplementation to TGF-β1 and TNF-α levels in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SNRS). This research was an experimental study involving 32 subjects divided into two groups. Each group was given a placebo and vitamin D3 for four weeks. Peripheral blood was taken before and after treatment. In the placebo group, there were significant decrease in 25(OH)D, increase in TGF-β1, and increase in TNF-α after treatment (p < 0.05). In the vitamin D3 supplementation group, there were significant increase in 25(OH)D, decrease in TGF-β1, and decrease in TNF-α (p < 0.05). The increase in 25(OH)D had correlation with the decrease in TGF-β1 (r = -0.593; p = 0.000) and the decrease in TNF-α (r = -0.782; p = 0.000). 0ur data indicated that vitamin D3 supplementation could increase 25(OH)D, decrease TGF- β1 and TNF-α. The decrease in TGF-β1, and TNF-α was negatively correlated with the increase in 25(OH)D in SRNS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysis of structural and functional binding performance of proteins related to genetic basis of diseases is a measure challenge. Podocin protein is a member of flotillin, stomatin and prohibitin, which expressed in nephron tissue. Type 2 nephrotic syndrome (NPHS2) occurs due to mutation in podocin protein. In the present article we have evaluated the binding performance of podocin protein both native as well as mutant with different phytochemicals like aegeline and berberine. We found that aegeline shown better inhibitory effect as compare to berberine against type 2 nephrotic syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: In pregnancy, proteinuria can be commonly increased and varies from non-nephrotic range proteinuria to nephrotic syndrome. Diagnosis and proper management are very important for both maternal and fetal health. Little is known about pregnancy in women with Alport Syndrome (AS). AS, a hereditary disorder X-linked (85%) or autosomal recessive (15%), associated with mutations in type IV collagen, is characterized by hearing impairment, ocular changes and progressive glomerulonephritis leading to chronic renal failure. In spite of the fact that it is believed that is primarily affecting men, twice as many women seem to be affected. AIM OF STUDY To assess pregnancy outcome in women with nephrotic syndrome, where AS was discovered post-delivery, and the impact of pregnancy on disease progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We present a case of a pregnant patient, with no history of disease, where pregnancy was complicated by nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria = 13 g/24 hours) with brutal onset of arterial hypertension during the 36 week of gestation. The patient was monitored by a multidisciplinary team of gynecologists and nephrologists. Termination of pregnancy was performed in the same week due to uncontrolled secondary hypertension associated with anasarca, induced by nephrotic syndrome. She received methylprednisolone, followed by prednisone 1 mg/ kg/ day after delivery, but 3 months postpartum, the patient’s renal function was not fully recovered, proteinuria remained over 1.8 g/24 hours, imposing renal biopsy. The electron micrograph of kidney biopsy demonstrated a thinned glomerular basement membrane and the presence of short stretches of lamellation, suggesting Alport syndrome. Patient was monitored in the next five years after delivery, twice per year, and current proteinuria remains between 0.5-0.8 g/ 24 hours under ARBs treatment, without any immunosuppressive drug. Renal function is normal. CONCLUSION Nephrotic syndrome during the last semester of pregnancy may not cause severe complications, usually considered to be preeclampsia and having good evolution after delivery. Women with Alport's syndrome can develop a kidney disease during pregnancy, with worsening of kidney function, which may not fully recover after delivery. Adequate diagnosis and management are required for nephrotic syndrome in late pregnancy, because it can be associated with high risks for the fetus and the mother, as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) represents a common disease in children characterized by a relapsing and remitting course associated with edema that can significantly affect their quality of life (QOL). Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) has a major impact on a child's development. However, there is little information on the QOL of children with Nephrotic Syndrome and Chronic Kidney Disease from patient's and parents' perspective. Hence we examined the comparative QOL of children having steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS), steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), CKD and healthy siblings. Materials and methods: A comparative, cross-sectional study on 109 children using consecutive sampling was done. QOL of children was assessed by two methods: child self report and parent proxy report using Peds QL 4.0. Data was analyzed using STATA 11.2. Results: There was no significant difference in total QOL scores of children in all the four groups. However, on domain specific analysis, we found that absenteeism from school due to sickness or hospital visits was a common problem as per children with NS and CKD and their parents but not in siblings (p < 0.05). Children with SRNS reported more difficulty in running than siblings (p=0.01). Parents reported significantly less self care ability in CKD group as compared to SSNS group (p=0.04). Conclusion: The total QOL scores of children having SSNS, SRNS, CKD and siblings were similar as reported by child's self report and parent's proxy report. However, a few differences were found in some items of individual domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]