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Electroencephalogram (EEG) record brain activation into electric millivolts. Brain computer interface based on EEG signal recognized brain control limbs movement is one of the main application of BCI system. Classification attention of user when moving limbs find out the brain region activating and translate them into commands which could control outer device. Recently, a famous technique to analyze EEG signals based on spatial filter is common spatial patterns (CSP). It is popular for two-class paradigm when maximize one class in the same time minimize the other one. In the other hand, CSP gets limitation when just working on covariance matrices in which not only stationary brain signal sources but also contaminated non-stationary sources. In this paper, we proposed to applied extension of CSP to separate non-stationary and also apply for multi-class BCI to reduce these disadvantage mentioned above. To solve non-stationary sources problem, we applied stationary CSP (sCSP) to separate signal sources. sCSP method is also powerful for binary paradigm. To improve sCSP for multi-class, we applied joint approximate diagonalization (JAD), which is successful to find efficient spatial filter in the context of multi-class BCI. Since CSP supposed to separate data space linearly, nearest neighbor method was used to classify the multi-class BCI to evaluate the performance of methods. We used 2 sorts of dataset: 1) auditory cue to two patients respond to three kinds of sound for executive movement; 2) auditory spatial from 2 speakers separate sounds. Three kinds of sound are: 500Hz left hand, 2000Hz right hand and noise sound ignored. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In cue based motor imagery brain computer interface (BCI) paradigm, subject was stimulated by different cue to distinguish different imagination task and proceed by imagination tasks. These evoked the specific related frequency rhythms. But the problem appears as theses rhythms change due subject and imagination task. While some subject is fast induce the electrical signal rhythms, other has long latency in induce them. This related time temporal problem of imagination. To boost the accuracy of EEG signal translation for reliable system, in this paper, we proposed a method for extracting optimal feature. First, EEG signals were extracted and apply to Laplace filter and band pass filter with pass band frequency of 7Hz to 40Hz. Channels C3, Cz, and C4 were applied to Short-Time Fourier Transform with frequency band of 1Hz. R-square correlation coefficient of three channels were found and selected the best frequency and time parameter. Finally, with the selected parameters, optimal STFT feature extracted. We simulated the classification accuracy with linear discriminant analysis with BCI competition IV, III and our laboratory dataset. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the dual dominating strategies of hegemonic masculinity when it is competing with non-hegemonic masculinity. I collected Korean advertisements for men's cosmetics from 1970 to 2006. The typical men's image(strong muscle men, the challenge and conquest of wild men, and successful men in the public sphere)had been appearing. These images have proven an effective means of persuading men to use cosmetics by symbolically affirming and maintaining their dominance. In the late 1990s, however, an atypical men's image(face with femininity and not-strong muscle men, mild men, and successful men in the public and private spheres) emerged. The "new" men's cosmetic industry is based on the commercial characteristics of generation X: open relationships with the opposite sex, flexible attitudes in classifying sexuality, and a conscious social need to establish an alternative image for men. Femininity, which plays a large part in the new, atypical men's imagery, is still restricted and counterbalanced by such typical men's images as muscles, competence, and success. Both typical and atypical imagery appeared simultaneously in Korean ads for men's cosmetics from the late 1990s to 2006, the period that competition between hegemonic and non-hegemonic masculinity began. At this time, however, hegemonic masculinity remains the dominant ideology in atypical men's ads. This tactful battle for domination has prevented the complete collapse of hegemonic masculinity. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]