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In order to explore the structural modification induced electrical conductivity, samples of Bakelite Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) detector materials were exposed to 100 keV Oxygen ion in the fluences of 1012, 1013, 1014 and 1015 ions/cm2. Ion implantation induced microstructural changes have been studied using Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. Positron lifetime parameters viz., o-Ps lifetime and its intensity shows the deposition of high energy interior track and chain scission leads to the formation of radicals, secondary ions and electrons at lower ion implantation fluences (1012 to1014 ions/cm2) followed by cross-linking at 1015 ions/cm2 fluence due to the radical reactions. The reduction in electrical conductivity of Bakelite detector material is correlated to the conducting pathways and cross-links in the polymer matrix. The appropriate implantation energy and fluence of Oxygen ion on polymer based Bakelite RPC detector material may reduce the leakage current, improves the efficiency, time resolution and thereby rectify the aging crisis of the RPC detectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy has been used to determine the free volume content in the ternary blends of SAN/EVA/PVC. The method of deriving hydrodynamic interaction parameter (α) in binary polymer blends was modified for ternary polymer blend system characterized by three distinct interfaces. Each interface characterized, is associated with an α and its assertion for the ternary blend are compared with available literature data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interface width in an immiscible (PVC/PS) polymer blend is determined using hydrodynamic interaction parameter (α) derived from free volume data measured using Positron lifetime spectrometer. CONTIN program has been employed to get the free volume hole size distribution. A new definition of interface width is presented, which originates from the Kirkwood-Riseman theory and friction coefficient as per Stokes equation. Friction at the interface of a binary blend decides how close the surfaces come or stay farther resulting in narrow or broad interface width respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]