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The present study has been conducted in animal house/faculty of sciences/university of kufa between October 2021 and December 2021, fifty albino male Rats are used. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic (NSAID) drugs abuse are on the rise. Ibuprofen (IBU) is a popular pain reliever. The goal of this study was to see how IBU affected several physiological, biochemical, and histological Indications in kidneys of male rats for one and two months after oral administration of 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/kg/day. The male rats were separated into two large groups at random, with twenty-five rats each. Each major group is divided into five subgroups, each with five rats, with the control group receiving physiological normal saline as its initial subgroup., the second subgroup was administrated with 10 mg/kg/day of drug, the third subgroup was administrated with 20 mg/kg/day of drug, the fourth subgroup was administrated with 30 mg/kg/day of drug and the fifth subgroup is administrated with 40 mg/kg/day of drug. Rats were slaughtered after the first main group received treatment for one month and the second main group received treatment for 60 days. The kidney's histological sections after receiving ibuprofen at dosages of 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/kg/day for 30 and 60 days. shown extensive pathological effects including excessive infiltration of inflammatory cells, mainly neutrophils in the renal tissue with losing of section texture, along with blood vessel congestion (renal artery) and bleeding in the renal parenchyma were plainly visible in this slice fibrous connective tissue formation (renal fibrosis), also, atrophied glomerular tuft lesion with increasing in the glomerular space. also, the severity of virulence gradually increases with increasing concentration and prolonging the time of exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The initiation and development of atherosclerosis is strongly related to regions characterized by low values of Wall Shear Stress and altered blood flow field. Computational Fluid Dynamics tools allow to non-invasively analyze the hemodynamic parameters associated with critical regions of the vascular system that are susceptible to atherosclerosis. In order to obtain accurate numerical results, it is very important to use patient specific real geometries and physiological or pathological conditions. In this study, a reconstructed aorta-renal arteries configuration based on CT images was used in order to analyze the blood flow characteristics and to predict the zones with critical values of Wall Shear Stress prone to atherosclerosis initiation. The numerical results showed that the zones with altered hemodynamic parameters are localized at the renal arteries ostia and downstream of the renal artery bifurcation. These regions are considered to be critical for renal stenosis development, being in good correlation with the results presented in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research was to study the zonal features of the kidney blood supply and the identification of venous basins, depending on the options for the structure of its arterial and venous net. The research was carried out on 124 polychrome corrosive preparations of the arterial and venous systems of the human kidney. For digitization, the preparations were subjected to 3D scanning. In a computer program, in a three-dimensional (3D) projection, the zones of local blood supply to the areas of the renal parenchyma and venous drainage were identified, depending on the variants of the division of the renal artery and the fusion of the renal vein. The peculiarities of the local regional blood supply to the kidney zones and venous outflow from its parenchyma have a dependence associated with the variants of the division of the main renal artery at the renal hilum on the 2nd order arteries, that is, the zonal arteries - "A. zonal" (II), which have their own quantitative and topographic characteristics in the hilum of the kidney and in the parenchyma of the organ, where they form the corresponding vascular basins. The structure of the vascular basin itself will also depend on the loose or main type of intraorgan branching of the zonal arteries - "A. zonal" (II) on the arteries of the 3rd, 4th, etc. orders. The system of venous outflow from the kidney has a similar structure, but with the exception of the absence of zones or regions of isolated venous outflow from the kidney. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research was to study the zonal features of the kidney blood supply and the identification of venous basins, depending on the options for the structure of its arterial and venous net. The research was carried out on 124 polychrome corrosive preparations of the arterial and venous systems of the human kidney. For digitization, the preparations were subjected to 3D scanning. In a computer program, in a three-dimensional (3D) projection, the zones of local blood supply to the areas of the renal parenchyma and venous drainage were identified, depending on the variants of the division of the renal artery and the fusion of the renal vein. Four groups of kidney preparations with different types of arterial vascular branching were identified: for example, the 1st group included kidney preparations, where in the upper ventral, upper dorsal and lower polar zones of the arteries they had a loose type of vascular branching, blood supplying the corresponding zones of the kidney, which was revealed on average (X±m) 8.5% of cases; the 2nd group included kidney preparations, where in the upper polar zone the arteries had a main branching type, and in the central and lower polar zone - loose, supplying the corresponding zones and segments of the kidney, which was revealed on average (X±m) 4.3% of cases; the 3rd group included kidney preparations, where in the lower ventral zone the arteries had the main branching type, and in the lower dorsal and upper pole zones - loose, which was revealed on average (X±m) in 2.3% of cases; the 4th group included kidney preparations, where in the upper ventral zone the artery had a loose type of branching, and in the upper dorsal and lower polar zones, the main types of branching, supplying blood to the corresponding kidney zones, which revealed on average (X±m) 2.2% of cases, with p≤0.05. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]