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The design, development and fabrication of robots have become one of the essential skills set for school students along with their regular academic knowledge that they learn. Out of many mobile robots challenging task, one familiar robot task would be the line tracking robot controlled by a controller. To perform this, there are various controllers like atmega 2560, Arduino and Mbot controller etc. As the controller varies the level of understanding and ease of executing the code also varies with respect to the students. In general, all these controllers are working with different software environment and hence the student's perception in design and development of this ordinary line tracking robot will vary based on the controller they study or work. In this paper, a comparative survey is made on the features and benefits of all these three controllers deployed for line tracking robot and also an innovative design is proposed to integrate all these three controllers in a single line following robot and hence can be also referred as multicontrol Line Tracking Robot (M-LTR). The proposed design is modelled and tested in Coppleiasim software. This proposed bot will enhance the student's confidence in learning the coding skill in step by step approach based on the ease and complexity of coding and its execution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the existing emission norms, automotive industries are struggling to achieve the concentrations of CO, HC, Oxides of Nitrogen and Particulate Matter emissions; especially NOx and PM emissions with direct injection of fuel in both gasoline and diesel engines. Minimizing NOx and PM emissions in diesel engines is much complication than gasoline engines due to low vaporization rate of diesel fuel. Selective catalytic reactor with aqueous ammonia solution and titanium oxide catalyst reduces the concentrations of NOx from an engine exhaust. Due to high cost of selective catalytic reactor for NOx emissions control, the cost of vehicles was huge. Effective and cost operative selective catalytic converter was designed, fabricated and tested with GDI engine; an average about 27% of NOx concentration was reduced. Expecting the high percentage reduction of NOx emissions in diesel engines also. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commercially existing GDI engines were normally with spray guided mode where the fuel injector placed almost vertically and sprayed fuel is occupied throughout the volume of combustion chamber. In order to achieve the advanced emission norms, further modifications are required with the existing one. With the advanced emission norms, NOx and PM emissions control is the major task along with lower fuel consumption. In this study, gasoline blends with Ethanol, Methanol, N-Butanol and DMF were used at 20, 35 and 50% proportions under specific fixed conditions: 1500 rpm speed, 10% EGR and FIP of 150 bars with three split injections at 320°, 220° and 100° before TDC. Tests were conducted over these gasoline blend proportions for engine performance and emission characteristics and achieved beneficial results with E20 gasoline blend over the entire applied torque values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In both gasoline and diesel engines, it's much challenging task towards further control of fuel consumption, minimizing the engine knock/detonation, improving combustion performance and also achieving the future emission norms. All these tasks can be solved through further precise control of fuel injection system electronically. In this study, the NXP make 33816frdmevm kit with Texas Instruments TMS570 microcontroller board were used to control high pressure fuel pump and fuel injector, both solenoid types. To control the timing of fuel injections, both CAM and Crank position signals were used by the microcontroller and send the signals to fuel injector and fuel pump for controlling the fuel injection timing, injection durations and FIP respectively via 33816 FI board. The corrected signal variations from actuators such as fuel pump and fuel injector were recorded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conception of property, which has been a lot of sought-after in recent years, is connected to the substitution of exhaustible sources of energy for renewable sources. Radish (Raphanus sativus L) seed oil has a place with the gathering of oilseeds of the Brassicaceae family, being generally developed in the south and focal west locales of Brazil, with physical and compound qualities favorable to the creation of biofuels. The variations on conducting parameters such as brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and exhaust emissions like Nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) are tested and analysed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this project we are creating a prototype of disinfectant robot using application such as Ultra Violet-C Ray, Android Bluetooth and Arduino Nano. During this Covid-19 pandemic which has become a major threat to human life, application such as disinfectant robot is being very useful. This disinfectant robot can be use in multiple application and place such as hospital, hotel, movie theatre, shopping mall, office, other work area, etc. This application is majorly used on non-living material instead of liquid medium which has a chance of damaging electronic application. The robot helps in less human contact which help in less spread of infection. Efficiency of this disinfectant robot is 99.9% killing of Bacteria and Virus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]