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A series of experiments on sloshing performance have been carried out in a rectangular tank for different filling conditions. The tank is excited by sinusoidal movement in the horizontal plane at the same frequency as that of the fundamental sloshing mode. Two excitation amplitudes, namely 0.254 cm and 0.508 cm, representing the low and high excitation levels, are used. In the experiments, one wave gauge and one pressure sensor are fixed on the sidewall of the tank to monitor the internal water surface elevation and pressure. To examine the repeatability of the tests, a series of experiments under the same filling and excitation conditions are conducted, and the measured data are examined by a statistical method, called boxplot. It is observed that the repeatability of the water elevation can be well expressed by the statistical method. The filling level for maximum wave elevation and pressure is found to be around 0.29 of the tank length. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two-dimensional heat equation was solved using bicubic B-spline interpolation method. An arbitrary surface equation was generated by bicubic B-spline equation. This equation was incorporated in the heat equation after discretizing the time using finite difference method. An under-determined system of linear equation was obtained and solved to obtain the approximate analytical solution for the problem. This method was tested on one example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses research which proposed a method to combine the application of run-up equations with two-dimensional hydrodynamic modelling to determine the inundation of waves. Topics discussed include the characteristics of a methodology for two-dimensional wave run-up analysis, characteristic beach profile and calibrated synthetic wave field.

Lateral light scattering simulations of printed dots are analyzed using general radiative transfer theory. We investigated the appearance of a printed paper in relation to the medium parameters like thickness of the paper sample, its optical properties, and the asymmetry factor. It was found that the appearance of a print greatly depends on these factors making it either brighter or darker. A thicker substrate with higher single scattering albedo backed with an absorbing surface makes the dots brighter due to increased number of scattering events. Additionally, it is shown that the optical effects of print also depend on illuminating and viewing angles along with the depth of ink penetration. A larger single scattering angle implies less intensity and the dots appear much blurred due to the shadowing effect prominent when viewed from sides. A fully penetrated dot of the same extinction coefficient as a partial penetrated one is darker due to increased absorption. These results can be used in applications dealing with lateral light scattering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Farkaš and Turcsány proposed construction method of two-dimensional (2D) complete complementary codes (CCC) with element order N2. This construction is based on one-dimensional (1D) CCC introduced by Suehiro with element length N2. New constructions of CCC with shorter 1D-CCC element lengths were published recently. In this paper former construction of 2D-CCC is generalized for using any recent 1D-CCC for input which results in 2D-CCC with element of smaller order. Dependences of code parameters of 2D code on 1D code parameters are discussed. Advantage of smaller element order enables higher channel efficiency and thus higher transmission rates and capacity. Usage of 2D-CCC codes enables diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In modern times, land is considered an extremely important commodity and much effort goes into the garden designing and landscaping process by the landscape architects. the process of landscape architects demonstrating the garden design to a client has been a tedious task. This is primarily due to the lack of domain knowledge, as a client would have to understand and visualize the arrangements of a garden and this may also be a haphazard process of landscape architects trying to express the idea using an existing software solutions which delivers a two dimensional view of the garden design. Thus, all of these issues are of utmost importance to be addressed since the process is very time consuming and expensive. This paper analyses numerous approaches to landscape designing CAD designing tools and critically evaluating research carried out on 2D and 3D based CAD designing tools. for the purpose of this study, few interior designing tools/approaches also have been critically evaluated. Various logical considerations are also explored and comments have been presented. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

An advanced design of two-dimensional linear phase notch FIR filters is presented. The completely analytical design method is based on Zolotarev polynomials. A closed form solution of the design of two-dimensional notch FIR filters is presented. One example demonstrates the efficiency of the presented design procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article describes a study which determined the effectiveness of the special two-dimensional (2D) type apparatus to study the gas production behavior during the in-situ dissociation of natural gas hydrate (NGH) through the injection of ethylene glycol solution. The components of the apparatus include the constant temperature air bath and the 2D pressure vessel. NGH are considered as possible energy sources due to the huge amount of methane gas contained in hydrate reservoirs both in onshore and offshore fields.

In the present study, the authors conduct subsonic wind-tunnel experiments, in order to investigate the effect of a depth-to-width ratio λ upon the tumbling of a simple two-dimensional rectangular-cross-section prism. The authors carry out both flow visualisation and velocity measurement using a hot-wire anemometer, together with the synchronised measurement of a prism’s attack angle α, which are analised using a phase-averaging technique. As a result, there are two modes for λ<0.6 and λ>=0.6. For λ<0.6, large-scale two vortices are emitted during one prism’s rotation, although the dominant velocity fluctuation has the period corresponding to one prism’s rotation, namely, is in 360° cycle of α. For λ>=0.6, large-scale four vortices are emitted during one prism’s rotation, although the dominant velocity fluctuation has the period corresponding to a half prism’s rotation, namely, is in 180° cycle of α. Especially, for λ = 0.5, we can see transition-process features between the two modes. For λ<0.6, momentum deficit Md* increases with increasing λ. For λ>0.6, Md* decreases with increasing λ. Then, we can see the maximum value of Md* for λ = 0.6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research of two-dimensional space-time diffusion equations with SLOR (Successive-Line Over Relaxation) has been done. SLOR method is chosen because this method is one of iterative methods that does not required to defined whole element matrix. The research is divided in two cases, homogeneous case and heterogeneous case. Homogeneous case has been inserted by step reactivity. Heterogeneous case has been inserted by step reactivity and ramp reactivity. In general, the results of simulations are agreement, even in some points there are differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of plasma electrode (PE) bias on the extraction process in a negative ion source are studied with a series of two-dimensional (2D) electrostatic particle simulations. Motion of charged particles in their self-consistent electric field is modeled by the Particle-In-Cell (PIC) method. The effect of a weak transverse magnetic field is also taken into account. Extracted electron current density gradually decreases as the PE bias increases, while the absolute value of PE net current density initially increases and is saturated for higher values of PE bias. The extracted negative ion current density reaches a weak peak when the PE bias approaches the bulk plasma potential (Vpf) in the case without the PE bias, but the decrease afterwards is mild. Physical mechanisms leading to these results are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper details the technologies displayed by the authors at ICME 2012. The technologies are those of Variable-Ambisonics and Variable-Polar Pattern Reproduction. These technologies are demonstrated using virtual 2-dimensional speaker layouts via binaural headphone reproduction. The technologies offer benefits over standard pair-wise panning of surround sound by offering on-the-fly changing of speaker count, source width control and per sound source rendering. The technologies also overcome problems of Ambisonics and Ambisonic based reproduction methods by allowing each sound source to be individually rendered by decoder type, of an arbitrary rather than fixed order and the mixing of various orders within the same reproduction system. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]