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The concentrations of aero-cation and aero-anion are measured on typical urban green space in Jilin City to study the effect of ecological community structure on aero-anion concentration at urban green space. The data are analyzed with analysis of variance. The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of different urban green space on aero-anion concentration. This study will help design green-lands, construct aero-anion areas, and deeply inquire into the effects and influence mechanism of different plants on aero-anion. On the urban green space of the same ecological community structures, the daily average concentration of aero-anion is steady. The results show the concentration is significantly affected by community structures of urban green space. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper posits that civil society could play a role in protecting the urban natural and built environments from unsustainable development, which contributes to the formation of UHI. To investigate this question, the study compares two demographically similar municipalities in Tokyo, and examines the role of civic organizations working on environmental protection and urban planning issues and their networks in each municipality's policy. Overall, this study finds that the municipality that has developed relatively progressive environmental and urban planning policies over the past three decades, compared to the other, has a greater number of civic organizations and more networks among organizations and with municipal governments. Thus, the study concludes a positive role of civic organizations and their networks in implementing effective environmental and city planning policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]