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We derive a dynamic cross-cultural competence model from a qualitative study of expatriates of Chinese MNEs. Self-directed Learning Orientation and Cross-cultural Learning Capability emerged as highly relevant qualities of effective expatriates of Chinese MNEs, making learning theory an important perspective in expatriate research. The emerged comprehensive and dynamic cross-cultural competence model clarifies the inter-relationships between leading and outcome competences, and the relevance of competences during different stages of expatriation. The context-specific model directly inform expatriate management practice of Chinese MNEs in particular and emerging market MNEs in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) have become the target of recruitment when multinationals hunt for international talent, they are still considered as a risk to corporate personnel security because of their mobility. In order to help companies turn this risk into a rare resource, this study analyzes how SIEs' motivational CQ impacts their intention to stay and in-role job performance by investigating 250 SIEs in China-based companies. Our findings indicate that SIEs' motivational CQ is a significant predictor of their intention to stay with their employer and their in-role job performance. We also find that SIEs' intention to stay partially mediates the positive relationship between their motivational CQ and in-role job performance under the condition of low power distance and high role ambiguity. Our findings add new empirical evidence to the existing literature on SIE management, cultural intelligence, and person-environment fit, and has important implications for SIE management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]