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This research aims to analyze how much influence the quality of human resources has on good governance through mastery of technology and creativity of employees of the South Sulawesi Provincial Government. This research is designed in the form of quantitative research. The research population is all employees of the Regional Secretariat of South Sulawesi Province, with as many as 214 employees. The sampling technique used is total sampling. The data analysis technique used is path analysis. This study proposes seven hypotheses; all hypotheses are accepted. The results showed that the direct influence of the quality of human resources contributes significantly to good governance rather than mastery of technology and work creatively. Indirectly, technological mastery and work creativity variables become good moderation variables even though they are partial mediation. Good governance with the main principles that include community participation, transparency, consensus oriented, equality, effectiveness and efficiency, and accountability can be increased with the quality of employees shown by employee understanding of the fields, knowledge, skills, and attitudes, as well as Technological mastery and work creativity contribute significantly to realizing good governance. The quality of human resources is the variable that contributes the most to good governance. The quality of human resources is a moral ethic that a person has in developing himself both technology, creativity, and good governance. Consequently, Good governance can be improved by the quality of human resources directly and indirectly through mastery of technology and work creatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to create an overview of the concept and models of corporate governance in public enterprises. Corporate governance is a concept that has received a great deal of attention in recent years. For countries in transition, where there are still problems with law enforcement and the rule of law, corporate governance is a relatively new concept, but more than necessary. The principles of good governance have as their main element responsibility, honesty, confidentiality, transparency and openness of information. Good governance means that you must have knowledge of laws, procedures, and apply them. Good corporate governance regulates the relationship between stakeholders and public enterprises, their boards and managements. Good Corporate Governance is an essential factor for the survival of large corporations and enterprises or businesses in any country, but it is more important for countries in transition. Our main purpose of this study is to take a detailed look at Corporate Governance in public enterprises and banks. This paper will answer the research questions: How does the implementation of the OECD principles affect the increase of generality and transparency in public enterprises? How do the OECD principles affect the improvement of corporate governance of municipality of Peja? A methodology consisting of a combination of primary and secondary data was used to carry out this research paper. A considerable part of the secondary data is provided through the use of libraries, the internet also the theoretical review is based on various examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Reinforcing the image of NPOs to promote signs of credibility and transparency towards society is a key research topic to help NPO managers and professionals support the survival of the sector. Accountability in the nonprofit sector is crucial (Brandtner, 2021; Tacon, Walters, & Cornforth, 2017) as a way, on the one hand, to strengthen trust and credibility and, on the other hand, to improve relationships and show transparency in its activities (Costa & Goulart da Silva, 2019). Therefore, it is especially important for NPO managers to implement internal controls or governance and transparency mechanisms and then demonstrate and disclose to stakeholders that the resources are used effectively and are entirely allocated to fulfil their mission. If these ethical initiatives are visible to stakeholders, they may provide added value to NPOs (Urionabarrenechea & Lage, 2019) by creating a more responsible framework that is characterized by increasingly inclusive and transparent organizational practices (Saxton & Guo, 2011). Considering that information disclosure related to NPOs is not regulated, this gap leads to the implementation of voluntary good governance initiatives. This article examines the relevance of information disclosure by NPOs through different good governance initiatives in several countries. Our study aims to cover this gap by seeking a deeper understanding of good governance initiatives for NPOs, given their importance. Methodology: This work is based on a literature review of a selection of papers. This process allow authors to discover prior results, understand the depth and details of the existing knowledge, and identify gaps for further reseach lines (Mohamed Shaffril, Samsuddin, & Abu Samah, 2021). The first phase in a literature review is to define the research question (RQ) that the study aims to answer. The following RQ was determined for this review: what good governance initiatives for NPOs are proposed in the literature?The second phase consists of identifying relevant papers according to the RQ. This step is very important. If the selected papers are irrelevant or inappropriate, the contribution of the whole process will be missing (Sangwa & Sangwan, 2018). Two key aspects must be established in advance at this step (Denyer & Tranfield, 2009; Tranfield, Denyer, & Smart, 2003): databases and search terms. Scopus and WoS were used to conduct the literature analysis. These are the largest databases used for searching the literature in different scientific fields (Guz & Rushchitsky, 2009; Joshi, 2016). The choice of search terms was based on keyword selection. The third phase consists of establishing the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the search. Below, we describe the 3 criteria for including a paper in our final sample. (1) The search was limited to “articles” as a type of document written in the English language published until 2021, inclusive, whose titles, abstracts or keywords (TAK) met the search criteria. (2) The publications were selected from Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus. In addition, articles must be published in journals with impact indexes, specifically the Journal Citation Report (JCR) (2020 version). In the JCR index, journals are ranked and comprise the most prestigious literature (Alegre & Moleskis, 2021). According to the aforementioned criteria, the authors revised journals in the fields of the nonprofit sector, third sector, voluntary sector or ethics. The reviewed journals (alphabetically ordered) that meet these criteria are “Business Ethics, the Environment and Responsibility19”, “Journal of Business Ethics”, “Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly”, “Nonprofit Management & Leadership”, and “VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations”. This filtering process returned 647 papers featured in top-ranking journals. Limiting the analysed journals to those that specifically focus on the nonprofit field is an exclusion criterion that has been previously applied (see, for example, Cornforth, 2012; Garkisch, Heidingsfelder, & Beckmann, 2017; Maier, Meyer, & Steinbereithner, 2016). (3) The following criteria were used to evaluate the articles: First, titles, abstracts and keywords (TAK) were read to identify papers that were relevant according to the RQ previously described. Second, the authors read the entirety of these articles to gain a broader appreciation of the field of study and proceeded by selecting the studies that focused on good governance initiatives to help NPOs be accountable to their stakeholders. Results: In total, 25 papers about good governance initiatives were collected from topranking journals to comprise the basis of this study. Following a literature review, the self-regulation instruments NPOs currently use for achieving accountability to increase credibility towards society are identified and analysed. The results suggest that the sector uses self-regulation to show stakeholders its governance practices. Self-initiatives targeting continuous improvement distinguish NPOs that learn from their mistakes and their successes. However, there is disparity in their use and geographical distribution. Originality: This study provides an original analysis of 26 initiatives from 23 institutions in 18 countries worldwide. Practical Implications: Finally, this research presents a guide for managers to improve the services provided and the effectiveness of resource use. These good governance initiatives recognize the good work done by organizations managed with transparency and accountability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a state governed by the rule of law in which democratic principles recognized, enshrined by the Constitution, are the basis for the organization and functioning of the public authorities and institutions in that state, the principle of separation and balance of power in the state cannot be ignored. According to this constitutional principle, governments are part of the executive branch and their main role is to implement the most important normative acts, the laws, adopted by parliaments. In order to achieve this role, generically identified, governments have constitutionally recognized the possibility of adopting legal acts, of a normative or individual nature, through which it is possible to them to organize the enforcement of laws or even to ensure their enforcement. Although, according to this above mentioned principle, we could not identify a "legislative power" recognized to governments, the reality has led even the constitutional legislator to recognize them the possibility of adopting legal acts with a legal force similar to that of laws to solve different special, exceptional, extraordinary, situations, even crisis. The legislative delegation thus enshrined in the constitution, allowed governments to "legislate", to adopt primary normative acts by which, even only temporarily, to adopt measures that otherwise could not have been adopted except by law, by parliaments. Although, in principle, for the adoption of such normative acts with a legal force similar to the law, governments need the "permission" of parliaments expressed by adopting a law under the conditions established by the Constitution itself, however in some constitutional systems it is also recognized the possibility the issuance of such acts by governments, without the need to issue such a law in advance. Taking into consideration that some governments, as well as ours, develop a "true passion" for the adoption of such acts, as emergency ordinances are in our constitutional system, by this article, we intend to analyze the possibility that by exercising a such attributions, usually and not of an extraordinary character, should be affected even by the Government the good governance that it has to ensure, thus exercising even a true discretionary power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental awareness is defined to comprehend the feebleness of our environment and the significance of its preservation. Boosting ecological awareness is an uncomplicated method to evolve an environmental advocate and create a more promising future for our children. Environmental awareness is a positive response from the community to work programs and government development achievements. The objective of this study is to increase environmental awareness in Indonesia and investigae the role of good governance and Egovernment. This research is quantitative descriptive. This research was conducted by observing 34 provincial governments in Indonesia for the period 2015-2018. The research data were obtained using library research and documentation from the Ministry of Communication and Information, the Ombudsman, the Supreme Audit Agency, and the Central Statistics Agency of the Republic of Indonesia. The data analysis model used descriptive statistics, estimation model selection test, model feasibility test, classical assumption test, coefficient of determination test (R2) and, hypothesis testing (t statistical test). The results show that good governance and e-government have a significant effect on environmental awareness. It is hoped that this research will provide an overview of the sustainability and improvement of the quality of good governance, and e-government should be pursued through the cooperation and commitment of all stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Good governance plays a key role in the growth and success of organizations and helps them to achieve their strategic goals. A review of the research literature shows that the term good governance is mostly used in relation to governments, and there is no proper understanding of the role of good governance in non-governmental organizations. Due to the significant growth of project-oriented organizations, there is a gap in the literature to explain the position of good governance in project-based organizations. For this reason, there is no good understanding of the term good governance and its application in project-based organizations. The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize the criteria of good governance in Iranian project-based organizations. To this end, a hybrid approach based on meta-synthesis, thematic analysis, and multi-criteria decision-making methods was used to identify and prioritize good governance criteria in project-based organizations. In the first phase, using the meta-synthesis method, an extensive review of the good governance literature from 2012 to 2020 was conducted and different criteria of good governance were extracted. In the second phase, the thematic analysis method was used to identify good governance criteria through interviews with 10 experts active in project-based organizations. In the third phase, the best-worst method (BWM) method was used to weigh and prioritize the good governance criteria. The results of data analysis indicated that accountability is the most important criterion, and the planning to respond to risks and uncertainties is the most important sub-criterion of the research. Finally, some managerial implications for managers of project-based organizations and some future research directions were provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study undertook an analysis of the information available relating to the efforts of the local government to reform public services, especially in relation to the impact of the introduction and operations of One Stop Service Offices in local government. The study used a qualitative approach. The results of the study show that the public service reforms undertaken by the local government have been successful, especially in the area of licensing services relating to business and investment through the formation of One Stop Service (OSS) offices. This innovation which has included the implementation of changes in the licensing services procedures, making them more concise and simple. The previous service, which was distributed has now been integrated into a single service office, with the local government also making changes in governance to simplify licensing procedures, thereby resulting in an improvement in the environment for investment and business in the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Any human society will seek to educate its next generations, passing on to them its most precious values, thus it will ensure that this supreme values will be forwarded in the future. But anyway it will put at least the same price on the health of its members. Moreover, in any contemporary society in which democratic values, such as freedom and dignity of the human being, but also fundamental rights and freedoms are declared and guaranteed by the fundamental, constitutional law, the education and health of its members must be central elements of any government. Good governance must be individualcentered, it must aim every member of society concerned. But when a society struggles to pass by a deep crisis, there is a risk of conserving its resources to use them only for what it needs to get out of that crisis. In our opinion, there is even more risk of doing so when that crisis is a public health crisis, such as the one from nowadays. In such situations, we ask ourselves if at least the values mentioned above are protected, but also if and which of them should be guaranteed to the human being, perhaps more than ever in such periods. Indeed, any government will have to appreciate and decide, fully assuming the decision taken, how it will still be able to ensure good governance in such unfavourable conditions, ensuring and guaranteeing not only the right to health but also the right to education, among other fundamental rights and freedoms. In this paper, we will search for answers to the above, as we will try to find out if there is a legitimate and moral possibility to give priority to one of the two rights, if we could use the principle of proportionality to answer this dilemma, but also if good governance, in special situations, can be realised by prioritizing one of these rights. In this paper, we will search for answers to the above, we will try to find out if there is a legitimate and moral possibility to give priority to one of the two rights, but also if we could use the principle of proportionality to answer this dilemma, and if good governance, in special situations, can be realised by prioritizing one of these rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electricity availability and generation have a significant impact on the economies internationally. The understanding of the factors affecting the electricity supply sector is imperative towards improving the industry and achieving a sustainable energy future for all as per the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to 2030. This study particularly focuses on the institutional quality factors that impact the electricity supply of twenty countries, representing various electricity market structures and supply mixes to derive holistic policy suggestions. Institutional quality will be represented as property rights, government efficiency, political stability and no violence, rule of law in the study. To do so, a Seemingly Unrelated Regression model will be used for the period 2003 to 2018. Results are expected to indicate that progress in institutional quality will lead to increased supply capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The idea of good governance is associated with the postulate of participatory and interactive democracy. This results in the appearance in the legal system of solutions reflecting the recommendations of the so-called "good administration." Good administration is the subjective right which, in the relationship between the body and the citizen, defines the individual's rights and the duties of the administration to act in a particular way. It may be interpreted differently, but it must comply with universal standards. They have been defined in international, European and soft law. These include the rule of law, equality, administrative transparency, confidence and trust, as well as the opportunity to participate in decisions. The last of these relates to procedures for involving citizens in administrative decision-making. The purpose of the article is to present normative solutions in Polish law that guarantee citizens participation in decisionmaking processes at various levels of administration and their systematics. To achieve this goal, the method of legal text analysis was used, which allows us to indicate the existence of many different mechanisms of participation. Their presence in Polish law determines the varying levels of civic influence on public decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fundamental principle of EU law is governed, at present, by Article 5 (4) of the EU Treaty, as well as Article 5 from the Protocol no 2 of the Lisbon Treaty, the Protocol on the application of the principle of subsidiarity and proportionality. This principle implies that the content and form of Union action shall not go beyond what is necessary to achieve objectives of the Treaties. Established constitutionally by the provisions of Article 53 (2) of the Romanian Constitution, the principle of proportionality cannot and should not be ignored in public administration, obviously. In our opinion, taken into consideration our national constitutional regulation could come off an erroneous conclusion that the proportionality concerns only the restriction of certain rights, not being necessary to govern the activity of public administration. But such an assertion cannot be supported at EU level where its action, its institutions actions and the Member States action that falls within the sphere of EU law are conditioned on the compliance with this principle. Moreover, even at national level, by the Strategy for consolidation public administration for 2014-2020, adopted by Government Decision no. 909/2014, the principle of proportionality is recognized as one of the general principles underpinning this strategy and, especially, the public administration through its activity. Also, for example, the proportionality was settled as a principle in the draft Code of Administrative Procedure, a relevant issue even if this bill did not become a law until now. In same context, after the ECJ decision in the case C-8/55 Fédération Charbonnière de Belgique v. High Authority of European Coal and Steel Community, the Court of Justice consistently recognized, in its jurisprudence, the existence and the applicability of this principle, such as is revealed by the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court of Romania. Good governance, but also the control mechanisms developed to protect and guarantee such governance requires a Member State, such as ours, the implementation of EU law by national authorities by taken into consideration even of the principle of proportionality that will focus on the policies chosen to be applied, the administrative and judicial measures applicable, the recognized, protected and guaranteed rights.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although researchers and policy-makers acknowledge the importance of E-Government (EGOV) and Government E-Participation (GEP) in fostering Good Governance (GGOV) practices, little is known regarding the mechanism to achieve the same. This study is an initial step to explore the EGOV-GEP complementarity in achieving GGOV. We have linked the antecedents of GEP (viz. EGOV development parameters), the mediator GEP, and the final impact (i.e., GGOV) within a single empirical framework using ICT for Development value chain concept. The model provides an end-to-end process view of the EGOV-GGOV transition via the mediating role played by GEP, and the interdependencies among the phases therein. Our results demonstrate the positive effect of the said complementarity in lowering corruption in the short-term, and subsequently improving GGOV practices in the medium to long-term. We, therefore, uncover evidence of EGOV effectiveness in fostering GGOV, which enables us to draw implications for theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In fighting corruption, good governance efforts rely on principles such as accountability, transparency and participation to shape anti-corruption measures. Initiatives may include establishing institutions such as anti-corruption commissions, creating mechanisms of information sharing, and monitoring governments' use of public funds and implementation of policies. Good governance and human rights are mutually reinforcing. Human rights principles provide a set of values to guide the work of governments and other political and social actors. They also provide a set of performance standards against which these actors can be held accountable. Moreover, human rights principles inform the content of good governance efforts: they may inform the development of legislative frameworks, policies, programmers, budgetary allocations and other measures. Corruption is recognized as a serious crime in the EU, which is reflected in its many anti-corruption instruments covering existing member states. Countries wishing to join still face considerable systemic corruption issues in their public institutions. In Macedonia as one of these countries the most significant human rights problems stemmed from pervasive corruption and from the government's failure to respect fully the rule of law. This article introduces anti-corruption work, good governance, and attempts to identify the various levels of relationship between that work and human rights with particular reference to Macedonia as an EU candidate country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In politics if we consider complex social systems and processes manifests itself the dichotomy between "stability and manageability" of a political system and "sociopolitical diversity" which brings modernization impulses that are making political systems more diverse. This is especially noticeable for the states in transition with anocratic political regimes and supranational entities. This kind of social dichotomy, however, should not be confused with the pure dichotomy between democratic and authoritarian tendencies. The main problem in this context becomes compatibility between optimal manageability and stability of political entities that potentially limits the borders of good governance. Contemporary globalization processes additionally increase level of diversity on national, regional and global levels adding pressure to governments to preserve their efficiency and control. The authors state that the principle of dichotomy is applicable to most social systems: from civil society organizations to the global institutions. This dichotomy beyond its political hypostasis attracts special attention of scholars and specialists in cybernetics and management. In the article, the authors combine methodological principles of mathematics (W. Ashby, N. Levantovskiy) and political science (O. Shabrov, M. Kaldor) to analyze and propose possible solutions to "the problem of correlations of diversities". The authors conclude that during the age of globalization the borders and coordinating elements of the possible effective balance between manageability and diversity have narrowed. Both excessive centralization and excessive diversity of a ruling sub-system could negatively affect stability of a political system, identity and efficiency of a society and legitimacy of power. The processes of regionnal and global integration have also faced this challenge, with the European Union as the most obvious example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are many of challenges for good governance and democracy in 21st century - fake news, post-truth argumentation style, rise of populism through social media, rise of populism in reality, etc. The backbone of problem is not fragmentation of views and opposition to government in power - on contrary - this always will be the source of fruitful decision making in democracies; the problem is ability to deliver information from government to people and vice versa to ensure objective discussion. So called Digital Age brings additional puzzling elements in democratic formation of views and discussions. Specific and deeply personal way how each citizen forms information consumption patterns is unique for the Digital Age. Equally unique is the way how competitors of political elites use technologies for their own benefit and interests which can cross the line of everything that we understand as a "constitutional" and "legal". In particular article author focuses on strategic communication as a possible tool, which should be used by governments, governmental institutions, non-governmental organizations and etc., to deliver proper, true and relevant information. Theoretical framework of the article is the post-positivist approach, which is narrowed into constructivism field interpreted by Nicholas Greenwood Onuf. For empirical purposes serves data from latest researches on strategic communication, particularly from NATO Strategic Communications Centre of Excellence. Scientific novelty of the article is bringing together experience of strategic communication from security and defence area with needs of routine type good governance in Western democracies, broadening understanding of the strategic communication as an integral part of policy making process and delivery. Research method is qualitative - content analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal was implementation of improved Land Consolidation (LC) model in Serbia. In paper the focus will be on novelties which were introduced and implemented in 7 pilot LC projects in accordance with best EU practice. Also very important part is lessons learned which were collected during the implementation phase and used as inputs for drafting of LC by laws within the Law on agriculture land. The structure of paper will be present in following topics: introduction, improvement of the LC model, partners involved, goal, novelties and improvement, conclusionlessons learned, follow up phase LM3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Societies and economies are constantly changing throughout the different periods in time. Over the years, many socio-political changes have taken place leading to new structures, relations and means of communication. Even if we do not directly realize it, public entities are heavily relying upon intangible assets, and intellectual capital is gradually being revealed as a crucial element for fostering sustainability and, genuinely, for improving operations and services. Now, more than ever, explanatory mechanisms need to be developed for assessing the intellectual capital role in the Administrative Reform processes. At the same time, public entities through Good Governance principles become intellectual capital "creators" either within the wider public management environment or within the society and the economy as a whole. The aim of the paper is to provide an intellectual capital management perspective for Good Governance in the public sector that is undergoing an intense modernization and restructuring process. Nowadays, although intellectual capital resources are involved to a great extent in the management of public entities, they are treated as the "Cinderella" of resources. Usually, such resources are not properly identified and managed, as public management does not completely recognize their significance. Yet intellectual capital may enhance the overall performance, innovativeness, and the total assets held by any public organization. This work is grounded on a selected literature review in such a way that the public sector's reform process is being placed under the lens of intellectual capital. Good Governance characteristics - mostly non-tangible in nature -are presented, treated and explored as value parameters of the administrative reconstruction process. In fact, we focus on the Good Governance axiomatic criteria, and we discuss their relevance to intellectual capital management by briefly presenting some indicative cases of Greek public sector services which are based on administrative reform policy planning. The analysis suggests an Intellectual Capital metrics Balanced Scorecard as a good governance policy tool and highlights the need for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most governments all over the world exist mainly to formulate and implement policies to improve upon the living standard of citizens. Research has shown that citizens are more likely to support the policies implemented by government when their inputs are taken into consideration at the formulation stage. However, one of the reasons most public policies fail and hence manifest in bad governance in developing societies like Nigeria is the fact that citizens lack access to the policy formulating center of government; either by reason of ignorance due to high illiteracy rate or the avenue for citizens to contribute meaningfully to the policies of government is non-existing. And since good governance is premised among others on ensuring that citizens participate in decision-making process of a given country either directly where possible or through their representatives; it is therefore necessary that citizens should be encouraged to be part of the facilitating team for the promotion of good governance. This is more likely to be achieved through the deliberate creation of avenues or platforms such as e-government as a strategy to enable citizens' inputs into the policies of government. Therefore, this study explores the current state of affairs on the extent to which the Federal Government of Nigeria has been able to harness the avenue or platform of e-government as a possible catalyst for the promotion of good governance in the country. This was accomplished by the examination of the websites of the Federal Government of Nigeria and some of its key institutions such as, the Legislature: National Assembly (the House of Senate and the Federal House of Representatives), the Judiciary (Federal High Court and the Nigerian Supreme Court) and Federal Ministry of Information and Culture. The websites of these public institutions in Nigeria were examined and analyzed based on their practical effect on the day-to-day governance of the nation. This was carried out through the adoption of descriptive approach with a view to observing the avenues or platforms created, if any, by the Federal Government of Nigeria and some of its key institutions to give citizens the opportunity to be involved in the policy and decision-making process in the nation's quest for good governance. The outcome of the study revealed that the Federal Government of Nigeria and its key institutions are yet to create the platform of e-government to enable citizens to be involved in the policy and decision-making process for good governance as evident in the advanced contemporary societies. If the country must experience and benefit from the opportunities made available globally through the adoption of e-government platform, the paper recommends that leadership at all levels must take practical steps to popularize on a large-scale, the adoption and implementation of e-government in the management of government processes, through the involvement of citizens in the policy and decision-making process, thereby serving as a catalyst for good governance in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal was implementation of improved Land Consolidation (LC) model in Serbia. In paper the focus will be on novelties which were introduced and implemented in 7 pilot LC projects in accordance with best EU practice. Also very important part is lessons learned which were collected during the implementation phase and used as inputs for drafting of LC by laws within the Law on agriculture land. The structure of paper will be present in following topics: introduction, improvement of the LC model, partners involved, goal, novelties and improvement, conclusionlessons learned, follow up phase LM3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis concerns one of the most significant problems, that is the functioning of the public sector in theory and in practice. The article aims at presenting the concept of good governance, the recommended initiatives and forms of implementation as well as answering the question of how the crisis influences the performance of integration tasks and the condition of the Member States. From this broad field, certain general and detailed problems have been selected for analysis, including the 'good governance concept' that was developed at the point in time when political decisions were taken to initiate the integration processes. The first objective of the article is the hypothesis that XXI century is the time of transition from government to governance, which is connected the with the postulate of introducing the good governance system in the EU and in the Member States. The next objective is to precisely and systematically analyze issues, which constitute the concept of good governance in the EU. Realization of the principle of good governance includes a number of detailed initiatives, of which the article refers to the latest of these. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Macedonia is a source of Slavic's culture and literacy. Handwritten ancient monuments and the holy books represent the work of our enlighteners. The Glory of St. Clement is great. His values and achievements in numerous fields testify for him. He was born about 830AD and originated from the territory of the Macedonian Peninsula, probably from the Ohrid Region. St. Clement, above all, had a great spiritual significance for the members of the Orthodox Slavs. His message is clear, our Macedonian categorical imperative and ethical advice: "Get away from the evil and do gooddeeds." It was his philosophy of life. The authors of this paper intend to explain the attitude of St. Clement to the good, good governance and a just society. Or, as he would saywhen he spoke of the good: "only by a word to be called Christians, but in the spiritual struggle to set and surpass each other with kindness...from now on to celebrate our Lord with good deeds, even though we used to live in weakness and laziness to this day, but since today to try to do good deeds". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to answer the question of whether a foreign direct investment (FDI) contributes to the sustainable development in Croatia by analyzing the relationship between the fourth dimension of sustainable development, good governance, and the FDI. The aim of this study is to explore the causal relationship between the FDI and the components that make up good governance dimension in Croatia by using the Granger causality test. Methodology - The study uses econometric techniques such as unit root test and Granger causality test and employs the quarterly time series data from 2000(1) to 2013(4) in order*to investigate the causal relationship between the FDI and good governance in Croatia. Findings - Research results indicated one bi-directional causality relationship and three one-way causality relationships in short-run. FDI and Rule of Law are found to have bi-directional causality relationship. Furthermore, FDI cause Political Stability. Findings also support one-way causality running from Regulatory Quality and Control of Corruption to FDI. Contribution - Research results point to the conclusion that, in the case of Croatia, FDI affected the good governance dimension of sustainable development and FDI can be considered as an asset that contributes to the sustainable development as the ultimate goal of development of each country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The government has given special autonomy (OTSUS) to the Papua province in managing funds and implementing self-government based on independence. Special autonomy aims to increase the trust of the Papuan people in improving their welfare. However, the huge special autonomy funds have not been able to impact development in Papua Province significantly. Various problems still occur in Papua, such as poor nutrition, measles, uneven development, and a high poverty level. This study aims to analyze the management of special autonomy funds from a good governance perspective in Papua Province. This type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach carried out by literature studies on scientific journals, books, documents, websites, and other sources. The results show that the Papuan government has not fully implemented the basic principles of good governance, namely transparency, participation, accountability, law enforcement, and anti-corruption. The development of the Papua Province requires better governance so that the Papua Special Autonomy policy runs more effectively, efficiently and has a broad impact on improving the welfare of the Papuan people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For investors and shareholders, environmentally correct and socially responsible operations of companies today are equally important for the successful financial performance, too. This is because the environment protection concerns and the good governance have become so important to the public that a mistake in these domains can instantly ruin the meticulously built value of the company. Therefore, many organizations dealing with development and promotion of international accounting and financial reporting standards promote these areas of operations of the company to be considered in the reports to shareholders. The significance of this reporting for the emerging economies is also big, if they want to become introduced on equal basis into the global flow of money and investments. However, in most of developing countries, reporting for non-financial companies' activities is not implemented, yet. In Macedonia this issue is out of the domain of the accounting regulations. Therefore, the aim of the research is to investigate the accounting practice of recording and reporting investment costs and activities of the Macedonian production companies associated with environmental protection. Through interviews with CFOs of the ten largest manufacturing companies we will reveal the situation in relation with the environment protection accounting in Macedonia. Weaknesses and shortcomings will be the basis for recommendations for regulating the reporting of non-financial transactions within the annual reports of the companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Good governance and the quality of public administration is a key aspect in ensuring a country's long-term competitiveness and well-being. In 2001, the European Commission underlined in its "White paper on Governance" that five principles combine to form the basis of good governance: openness, participation, accountability, effectiveness and coherence. Europe 2020 strategy emphasizes that to achieve transformational change towards a smart, sustainable and inclusive growth it is required a strong governance framework that harnesses the instruments at EU's disposal to ensure timely and effective implementation. The purpose of our research was to identify how ordinary citizens perceive the current governance in Romania and how they understand the concept of good governance in terms of its characteristics, challenges and impact upon national security. We also sought to find out citizens' opinions and recommendations regarding these issues. To achieve our goals we implemented a survey in January-June 2015 in the Southern part of Romania (Muntenia region). We designed and applied a sociological questionnaire on 200 interviewees. Based on survey results and findings, the paper argues that at the level of ordinary citizens good governance is perceived through the quality of public services, the state's ability of ensuring national security and the state's efficiency at economic, political and administrative level. The analysis also reveals the role of democracy and political institutions in ensuring good governance. A set of recommendations from interviewees on how to improve good governance are equally presented in the final part of the paper. The findings of this survey could be further used to develop tools and actions to ensure governance improvement and efficiency increase in the sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on transparency and trust in public sector management have generated exciting moments amongst scholars and practitioners alike in the area of good governance for development of societies. Furthermore, it has been argued by some scholars that government agencies are more likely to achieve their goals of enhanced performance for the improvement in the living standard of the people, particularly in the provision of adequate social amenities such as clean water, electricity supply, good roads, well equipped hospitals and adequate security protection of lives and properties, where transparency on the part of public officials in the use of public resources, and trust about government agencies on the part of the people are the norms in such a society. Previous studies have hinged on transparency for enhanced performance of government and its agencies on the integrity and perception of the individual employees in carrying out their assignments without taking into consideration the lack of capacity to perform, and the value judgment of such individuals. This present study focuses on the role of information and communication technology (ICT) in the management of government and its activities for enhanced development in the society. The work contributes to our understanding of the relationship between ICT, transparency, trust and good governance as a catalyst for development in Nigeria. With the use of structural equation model, the study empirically analyzed 261 copies of the questionnaire that were administered to respondents in the public and the private sectors of the nation's economy, about their perception on the relationship between the variables under consideration. The findings suggest the importance of ICT as a facilitator of transparency in the management of public resources, including, revenue collection and disbursement of public funds by government officials, as a basis for societal development, than the mere reliance on individual employees' integrity and perception in the management of public resources in Nigeria's quest for development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, information, goods, people circulate and brew. The evolution of science and technology, market and capital dynamics, the generalization of models of development and living, these changes affect the relationship with the biosphere and threaten its balance at the same time the one becomes aware of the complexity and probably their fragility. Governance, from local to global, is at the heart of those quantitative but also qualitative changes. Governance is the complex regulator system of the human society which manages both the internal and relations with the outside world, which at the same time guarantees the stability and allows adaptation. Governance is an architecture, a set of practices born of practical challenges that societies face, forming a system that allows to formulate general principles. Stating general principles of good governance will help to build a stable and sustainable society, the common frame of reference against which one can lie and act within and outside the public service. Thus, the governance is based on a territorial approach and the principle of active subsidiarity. Governance been based on a universal ethic of responsibility, it puts the economy in its place and defines what is the market and what does not belong, defines the cycle of development, implementation and monitoring of public policies, organizes cooperation and synergies between actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to determine the extent to which the new Constitution of Morocco adopted in July 2011 reinforces strategic governance of State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) and at what levels that occurs. The analysis of the Moroccan Constitution highlights particularly the main changes introduced by the new constitutional provisions and challenging public policies impacting consequently strategic governance of the public portfolio of SOEs. Indeed, the new Constitution drafted in the context of "Arab Spring" can be described as a Constitution of good governance. We concluded that It impacts on strategic governance of SOEs at three key levels (3KL) defined as constitutional determinants of the "Moroccan model": constitutional values, constitutional players and constitutional mechanisms and processes The first key level concerns the fundamental constitutional principles and values of public governance that can be defined as a key values' system of strategic governance of SOEs. Thus, the new Constitution emphasizes the fundamental principles of freedoms and rights that SOEs, as well as state and local authorities, should guarantee for an equal access for citizens to conditions that enable the enjoyment of their rights. In addition, it introduces principles of good governance focusing basically on accountability, transparency, integrity and responsiveness. The second key level concerns players that have strong role in the strategic governance of the SOE. For each key player a set of processes affecting directly the strategic governance of SOEs is identified. The third key level is related to procedures, mechanisms and devices introduced for appointing CEOs and managers of SOEs according to the status of each public corporation. The new Constitution offers a framework to Moroccan Code of Good Governance Practices of Public Establishments and Enterprises considered as an important step towards enhancing governance practices in Morocco. The Head of Government has been given more abilities to manage public affairs and more responsibilities. In this context, all SOEs are urged to implement good governance practices. The role of Parliament is empowered by the new mechanism of public policies' assessment in addition to its traditional mission of control and legislation. However, as any change the new Constitution presents obviously new challenges facing strategic governance of SOEs as implementation of constitutional changes in line with the spirit of the new era of good governance, producing efficient public policies, having well executed strategies and spreading culture change in harmony with key values and principles, especially those of accountability, responsibility, transparency and responsiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the research which aims to determine the cause of ineffective and poor quality of laws and other governmental products in Latvia. Topics discussed include the three branches of power which are the legislature, the executive and the judiciary branch, the concept of the quality and effectiveness of the implementation of laws under governmental administration, and the concept and understanding of quality, efficiency and effectiveness of laws.

Although the idea of good governance is considered to be of a recent date and is linked with the concept developed in the framework of the World Bank in the past two decades, still it originates from an older date. The need for good governance, as a special type of "government's product" in the world today is general. Contrary to the concept of "governance" that is based on traditions and institutions by which authority is executed in a country, under the notion "good governance" one can understand an effective, efficient and economical management of public sector, management accountability, exchange and free flow of information in society, transparency and legal framework for entire social development, shown by the respect of justice, human rights and freedom. The role of independent media in the modern world is focused on providing accurate and precise information to the public, facilitating public debate on current and strategic issues, determining the issues that matter for discussion in society, preservation and defense of the public interest, and promotion of general and / or partial positive interest. Hence the media and their independence represent one of the key factors in promoting good governance in society. Certainly a necessary precondition for that is their financial sustainability and editorial independence from the government, the private sector or other powerful interests. However, the media and their role and development, sometimes are not enough or well understood and it is mistaken to believe that their function is exhausted by disseminating messages and information from the owners or the government in achieving some specific or general purposes. But the media, in this sense, is quite different and conceptually separate domain of activities that actually support and promote pluralistic, editorial independent and financially viable activity. Therefore, the existence of independent media is the best support for performing good governance - efficient and economical management, the right of free speech, accountability of executing the power, transparency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strategic management, a field developed in the private sector deals with the major intended and emergent initiatives taken by business leadership to enhance the performance of firms. It entails specifying the organisation's vision, mission and objectives; then developing policies and plans which are designed to achieve these objectives through allocating resources in the most optimal ways. The achievement or otherwise of mission and objectives is dependent on a number of factors including quality of management, governance, monitoring and evaluation of performance outcomes. The public sector management however is new to this way of thinking, particularly in the developing countries such as Nigeria. The late 1970s through 1980s and 1990s witnessed the introduction of strategic management in Europe and USA to improve government service offerings. The United Kingdom for example streamlined civil service along market principles with significant improvement in performance and reduction in operational costs. These are the measurable benefits of strategic planning in the public sector. The evidence from Nigeria appears to differ significantly compared with developed countries and the nation has not benefited from the benefits of strategic planning, which have been employed with significant success and reduced bureaucracy in developed nations. Due to this failure, there is large-scale wastage of resources and abysmal performance in the public enterprise in Nigeria with the resultant effect that a nation with huge resources and potential is home to largest population of poor people in Africa. This paper argues that in order to improve service delivery as well as optimise costs, the Nigerian Government would need to adopt strategic management in its public enterprise with active monitoring and evaluation mechanism. We further argue that the process of strategic management is likely to encourage accountability and the issues of good governance as well as democratic processes in the country. Such a process will help in creating an enabling environment that would enhance the relationship between public and private sector organisations as they very much depend on one another. Overall direction will be set for macro-economic framework and economic institutions that would be seamlessly linked, creating conducive environment for higher productivity, performance, and reduction of extreme poverty and hunger. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis made by the researchers who manifested an interest for the study of the Balkan history and especially for the ex-Yugoslavian space always contained an exception: Croatia. Over the years it has become more and more obvious that its destiny was a particular one and that this country would become a model of modernization for the other states of the region. For Croatia, the perspective of European Union membership represents an additional driving force of reforms and modernization, requiring fundamental adjustments to the European governance principles and standards, as well as strengthening the administrative capacities, promoting horizontal decentralization and strengthening the role of local and regional self-government for the successful implementation of the acquis communautaire within a relatively short period of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today governance involves multiple stakeholders, interdependent resources and actions, shared purposes and blurred boundaries between the public and private, formal and informal, state and civil society sectors, and greater need for coordination, negotiation and building consensus. The key tasks for governments therefore are coordinating an increasingly complex and fragmented governance landscape, steering interdependent activities through new institutional frameworks and bargaining processes, and integrating and managing diverse networks. A cursory look at cities and countries in Africa reveals that this is a heterogeneous continent and that many systems/arrangements to address the waste problems are in place. Only some of these systems have achieved a measure of success. This study describes, compares and appraises the solid waste management state institutions in three towns-Mwanza in Tanzania, Jinja in Uganda and Kisumu in Kenya vis a vis the governance concept with a view of recommending policy options. Interviews held with officials in the urban authorities and representatives of non-state actors; household surveys; document analysis and observation were the methods used to inform the issues covered in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although judicial reform projects are designed and implemented in broader Middle East and North Africa, Egypt and Turkey deserve special attention. After providing a short chronology of judicial reforms in Egypt and Turkey, this paper will discuss North American and European developmental policies and international aid to Egypt and Turkey. Necessities, goals, and priorities of the programs for judicial reforms, the impact of foreign aid policy on judicial reform in Egypt and Turkey, socio-political possibilities, challenges and obstacles of judicial reform are three consecutive sections that present the main issues of aid agencies. Recommendations for further research will be presented at the end of this paper. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethical governance of nonprofit organizations is directly associated with their meaningfulness, contributing to the public trust as well as the trust of their immediate stakeholders. This study examines how nonprofits' external environments and organizational characteristics explain their likelihood of having written policies for good governance. Findings from the 2010 data of the National Center for Charitable Statistics show that state requirements for registration and annual reporting are not related to a nonprofit's likelihood of adopting such written policies. The results instead indicate that organizations that engage in lobbying activities and operate in metropolitan areas are more likely to have good governance standards. Most of all, they indicate that organizational resources, both financial and human, explain differences in the adoption of these policies. These findings, combined with the research findings that the existence of such policies affects donations nonprofits receive, indicate that the nonprofit community should collectively invest in building the infrastructure that helps smaller organizations develop good governance policies and hence stay competitive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this conceptual paper we question the universality of the assumptions underlying the concept of good governance, which is increasing in importance in the field of corporate governance research. We examine the points of departure for good governance and contrast it with the assumptions for governance of family firms. Previous research has indicated that family firms conform to institutional pressure more than their non-family counterparts, explaining their increasing adoption of good governance practices. Analyzing the potential consequences of family firms adopting good governance practices, we find these consequences problematic. In our argument, we discuss one of the central mechanisms of corporate governance: the board of directors. In particular, we focus on the applicability of independent boards and their potential implications for family firms. These implications may come in the form of positive consequences, such as increased legitimacy through adapting to practice, and negative consequences, such as decreased ability of the board to provide strategic advice, and decreased motivation of managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]