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The development of industrialization worldwide also leads to pollution of ground waters, surface and drinking waters. In order to obtain high quality drinking water, the European Union proposes to develop appropriate methods for purifying water from priority pollutants and potentially hazardous substances. One appropriate method is adsorption, which is a relatively affordable and inexpensive technology for highly efficient water treatment. The aim of the present study is to investigate the adsorption capacity of carbon foam and activated carbon obtained from RDF fuel towards Hg cations and tannin in aqueous solution. Carbon adsorbents were obtained by thermo-chemical treatment of the raw materials, pyrolysis and activation with water vapor at temperatures 600-900oC. The obtained adsorbents were characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, nitrogen physisorption, etc. and tested for adsorption of Hg ions and tannin from water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agarwood (Gaharu) leaves have been used as raw material for tea. This study aims to identify the secondary metabollites and tannin content from two species agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk and Wikstroemia tenuiramis Miq) sited in Mandailing Natal Regency. The leaves were extracted with ethanol for phytochemical and tannin content test. The results showed that agarwood leaves were positive for alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids/triterpenoids, and tannin. The tannin content of W. tenuiramis was 4,95 % and A. malaccensis was 5,62 % respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to find out the feasibility of using tannin extracted from the mature pods of Acacia farnesiana as a substitute for phenol in formaldehyde resins, and to investigate cation adsorption performance of this novel resoles for Na+ and Ca2+ ions. The polyphenolic extract of A. farnesiana pods were subjected to qualitative and quantitative the analysis to detect and determine the amount of tannin present. Qualitative tests revealed the presence of a hydrolysable tannin harboring galloyl ester moieties. The mature pod of A. farnesiana revealed that ≈24 % of tannin is making it one of the richest tannin sources in the plant kingdom. Formaldehyde based resins with varying tannin to phenol ratios were prepared. The resins synthesized were subjected to sulfonation to enhance their ion exchange capacities. A Fourier Transform Infrared. Spectrophotometer equipped with an attenuated total reflection accessory was used to monitor the formation of ether and sulfonic acid group in the novel resins. The highest adsorption capacity for Na+ (0.70 meq g-1) was shown by the sulfonated resin with a tannin to phenol ratio of 3:1, while the sulfonated resin with a 0:1 tannin to phenol ratio displayed the highest adsorption for Ca2+ (0.24 meq g-1). Three novel sulfonated resins were found to be more efficient in adsorbing Ca2+ ions and have the potential to be utilized in hard water treatment and decalcifying processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As it is known, the low flame resistance is one of the negative characteristic features of Kraft papers which find a wide usage area. This feature needs to be improved especially in paper types that will be used for archival-storage and protection purposes. The aim of this study was to increase the flame resistance of Kraft-based paper materials (envelope, box, etc.) to be used for the purpose of storage-archive. In this study, MCC (microcrystalline cellulose) / CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) reinforced lignin, tannin and borax were used. The immersion method was chosen for the application of chemicals. Limited oxygen index levels (LOI) and UL-94 flammability tests were performed on the treated papers to determine their burning characteristics and flame resistance properties. As a result of this study, it was seen that the chemicals applied to the kraft papers by immersion method improved the fire resistance properties and also positive results have been obtained especially with MCC/CMC reinforcement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to identify and quantify compounds, such as tannins and anthocyanins from valuable herb known as potentially bioactive plants used in traditional medicine, beverage production and special food. Thus, they were monitored 26 species of plants (leaves, fruit) chicory (Cichorium intybus), yarrow (Achillea millefolium), bilberry (leaves and fruits) (Vaccinium myrtillus), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), juniper (Juniperus communis), cranberry (branches and fruits) (Vaccinium vitis-idaea), dill (Anethum graveolens), thorn (Xanthium spinosum), mint (Mentha), raspberry (leaves and fruits) (Rubus idaeus), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), celandine (Chelidonium majus), wild rose (Rosa canina), Lady's bedstraw (Galium mullugo), dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), willow herb (Epilobium), centaury (Centaurium erythraea), oregano (Origanum vulgare) St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum), dumb (Teucrium chamaedrys), strawberries (Fragaria), raspberry (Rubus idaeus) blackberry (Rubus fruticosus), cherry (Prunus cerasus). The study led to the amounts which ranged from 4.4549 g / 100 g to 89.5833 g / 100g tannin, and 1.2 mg / 100 g to 109,7mg / 100g anthocyanin. The obtained results lead to the conclusion that these plants can be used in medicine and food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to identify and quantify compounds, such as tannins and anthocyanins from valuable herb known as potentially bioactive plants used in traditional medicine, beverage production and special food. Thus, they were monitored 26 species of plants (leaves, fruit) chicory (Cichorium intybus), yarrow (Achillea millefolium), bilberry (leaves and fruits) (Vaccinium myrtillus), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), juniper (Juniperus communis), cranberry (branches and fruits) (Vaccinium vitis-idaea), dill (Anethum graveolens), thorn (Xanthium spinosum), mint (Mentha), raspberry (leaves and fruits) (Rubus idaeus), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), celandine (Chelidonium majus), wild rose (Rosa canina), Lady's bedstraw (Galium mullugo), dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), willow herb (Epilobium), centaury (Centaurium erythraea), oregano (Origanum vulgare) St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum), dumb (Teucrium chamaedrys), strawberries (Fragaria), raspberry (Rubus idaeus) blackberry (Rubus fruticosus), cherry (Prunus cerasus). The study led to the amounts which ranged from 4.4549 g / 100 g to 89.5833 g / 100g tannin, and 1.2 mg / 100 g to 109,7mg / 100g anthocyanin. The obtained results lead to the conclusion that these plants can be used in medicine and food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the adaptation and evaluation of one chemical tests for tannins characterization in acacia mangium bark. Acid butanol test developed to identify respectively condensed tannins is described. The two traditional tests used for tannin characterization namely ferric test and vanillin test were also performed and their functional also discussed. Condensed tannins were extracted from acacia mangium bark using water medium in presence of three different concentration basic reagent of NaOH(5%,10% and 15%) and were characterized by FT-IR spectrometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tanning Agents extracted from White Oak Barks were used to improve the spinnability and decrease the degradation characteristics of produced gelatin/tannin nanofibers. Acidic solution of gelatin is not able to produce fine nanofiber in low injection rate and low needle gauge rather it forms nanoparticles. Result showed that by increasing the tannin concentration up to 1% w/w, the viscosity of gelatin solution increased and spinnability of gelatin solution improved and nanofibers with diameters about 50nm were produced. Using tannin concentration higher than 1% w/w reduced the spinnability leading to bead forming and formation of nanofiber with higher diameter. DSC result of produced tannin/gelatin nanofibers showed 30-40°C higher decomposition temperature than pure gelatin nanoparticle concluding that these nanofibers have better stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]