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The increasing prevalence of child obesity in many developed countries emphasises the need to promote healthy eating and active lifestyles to children. Previous research indicates that a peer-modelling and rewards intervention produces substantial increases in children's fruit and vegetable consumption. The aim of the current thesis was to develop an intervention based on the same behavioural principles to increase children's physical activity. In the first instance, it was important to identify a valid, objective measure of children's physical activity. In Study 1, the electronic pedometer distinguished between children's play activities that ranged from sedentary to very vigorous, and showed good correspondence with heart rate and self-report measures of effort. In Study 2, children's habitual physical activity was measured over the entire day using pedometers and accelerometers. High-active children were more active than low-active children during both school-time and leisure-time, suggesting that an intervention targeting total physical activity throughout the day is most appropriate. In Study 3, an intervention incorporating peer-modelling (i.e., the Fit n' Fun Dudes), contingent rewards, and pedometer feedback was implemented in a school-setting with 9-11 year-old boys and girls as participants. The intervention produced substantial increases in the physical activity of both boys and girls, which were well maintained at 12-week follow-up, particularly among the least active girls in the sample. In Study 4, the intervention was implemented by parents in the home context and 9-11 year-old girls took part. They showed substantial increases in physical activity during the intervention and remained more active at follow-up relative to baseline. The physical activity of parents also increased following the introduction of pedometer self-monitoring procedures. There is great potential for future research to combine the healthy eating and physical activity interventions to provide a two-pronged approach to preventing child obesity.

The thesis is an anthropological study of the Lohorung Rai tribe of East Nepal, based on twenty months of fieldwork. Its major theme is their conceptual system and in particular their religious and psychological concepts. The intention throughout has been to look at concepts, both verbal and non-verbal, in the light of my own developing knowledge of the Lohorung conceptual framework. The thesis is divided into seven chapters. The introductory chapter provides a background description, including an account of first impressions and fieldwork experiences, as well as the theoretical perspective of the thesis, a delineation of Lohorung households, and the significance of the domestic group. Since the superhuman beings permeate Lohorung everyday life, and provide them with a theory of causation, chapter two describes Lohorung relations with the superhuman world. For the Lohorung it is only by ritual action that they can retain the original order of their society which is constantly in need of renewal. Chapter three, therefore, looks at the Lohorung charter for living, the pe-lam or mundum, a body of oral literature that includes the mythico-historical stories and ritual texts that can bring back order and reinvigorate both their society and individuals, One of the most important rituals for achieving this renewal is nuagi. This ritual is described in detail in chapter four. Chapter four also investigates the religious and psychological significance of the house, the main ritual unit in Lohorung culture and begins to throw light on the complex concept-of saya, that is essential to an understanding of Lohorung ideas about the nature of Kan and personhood. In chapter five the most important concepts relating to the Lohorung understanding of personhood, namely aiwa, saya and lawa, are examined in terms of their significance in the cycle of life. This chaz5ter underlines one of the main conclusions of the thesis: that an understanding of Lohorung religious and psychological concepts are essential to a wider appreciation of Lohorung society, such as their types of marriage and indigenous political system. Lohorung understanding of emotions and inner states are described in the final ethnographic chapter, chapter six, The final chapter examines the implications of the Lohorung knowledge gained in the previous chapters in terms of Lohorung ethnopsychology and concludes that Lohorung psychology may be characterised as being one that stresses both conformity and self- expression.

Introduction: There is mixed evidence regarding the association between eating disorders (EDs) and approach biases to food cues. Aim: To clarify the association between EDs and approach biases on an irrelevant Stimulus Response Compatibility (SRC) Task and investigate the role of bingeing and restraint symptomatology amongst an ED sample (OSFED) relative to healthy controls. Hypotheses: 1) Higher levels of bingeing symptomatology will predict an approach bias for high calorie food; 2) Higher levels of restraint symptomatology will predict 'reduced' approach biases for high calorie foods; 3) These associations with be exaggerated in the ED sample, relative to the healthy controls. Method: Participants were recruited from a university (N=69) and two ED clinics (N=13). Participants completed the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire and Binge Eating Scale and then completed the SRC task. Results: Analysis of the healthy controls data only (due to difficulties in recruitment) indicated that bingeing and restricting symptomatology did not predict approach biases for high calorie stimuli. Group differences in task performance were found. Between groups differences indicated that the healthy controls displayed higher approach bias scores, relative to the ED sample and this was not moderated by stimulus type. Within group analyses indicated that healthy controls displayed significant approach biases for high and low calorie food items, but the ED sample did not. Conclusions: The main hypotheses of the study were not supported, however, this study is limited by the small sample size. Future research is required to establish if a link does exist between bingeing/ restraint symptomatology and approach biases.