Long-term exposure to PM2.5 increases the relative risk of four chronic diseases — ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer (LC), leading to premature death in the population. This study analyzed the increase in PM2.5-related risks and the increase in the number of premature deaths caused by the consumption of Indian products worldwide in 2014. This work uses a multi-regional input-output (MRIO) method to analyze the impact of consumption on PM2.5 emissions. IER health risk model is used to calculate the premature death caused by the four diseases caused by this part of the discharge. The study found that of the 6,200 Gg PM2.5 emissions produced by India throughout the year, 49% came from trade, and 12% of that is international trade. India’s annual PM2.5-related premature death toll was 780,000, and international trade-related premature deaths were 94,000, of which IHD, stroke, COPD, and LC accounted for 44.6%, 34.7%, 14.2%, and 1.5%, respectively. The United States, China, and Germany are the most important countries and are responsible for 25% of the total premature deaths. Services and dwelling are the main causes of premature deaths in India, which account for 49% of the total deaths. This study puts forward that consumer groups in international trade should take responsibility for the pollution and health impacts of the product-producing country, and help the country that produces the product to control pollution emissions to achieve sustainable production and consumption.