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Start Over Search Limiters Available in Library Collection Topic expert systems Publication Type Electronic Resources
9 results

1. Application of Heuristic Methods in the Design of Intelligent CAI.

Author

Christensen, Dean L. and Tennyson, Robert D.

Abstract

This paper describes the MAIS and presents the BASIC programming code for the heuristic employed in this expert tutor management system, which is based on the findings of investigations of the direct connections among such learning environment factors as individual differences, cognitive learning theory, instructional technology, subject matter structure, and delivery systems. The following computer based variables which the expert system adapts to individual learner differences during the course of the instruction are presented as subroutines: (1) beta value computation; (2) mastery check and advisement; (3) learning time interval; and (4) format of examples and sequence. A figure depicts the instructional variables monitored by the MAIS expert tutor. (11 references) (EW)

Published
1988

2. Using MITSI as a KBS Tool for Learning.

Author

Cumming, Geoff and Abbott, Elizabeth

Abstract

Students aged 10 to 17 years in a primary school and a secondary school in an industrial suburb of Melbourne, Australia, were observed as they worked at activities in both curriculum and non-curriculum areas using MITSI, a computer program, as a KBS (knowledge-based system) tool. Evaluations of the students' general abilities, computer abilities, and opinions and attitudes led to the conclusion that well-designed activities based on MITSI are very well received by learners and teachers, and can produce valuable learning outcomes. Vital considerations in planning to use MITSI are the characteristics of the system, the selection and design of learning activities, and the emphasis that is placed on general cognitive abilities. The key to good activities is the discussion and thinking they can spark, and this depends as much on the way they are presented and supported in the classroom as on the details of the computing. MITSI is a good tool for a broad range of information-handling activities, including using or building databases, exploring and expressing simple logical relationships among items, and organizing a body of knowledge and expressing it in a systematic and rule-bound way. Experience shows that it is more effective to allow beginning students to explore pre-written programs before extending them or building their own; the transition to writing programs and writing rules should be gradual. Structured worksheets that permit students to work at their own pace can free the teacher to provide individual assistance to those with special problems, and a wide range of activities add interest, allow users to explore MITSI more fully, and promote a richer range of general skills. Things to watch for include finding enough time, individual differences among students, being sure the computer is the best way to meet a particular educational goal, integrating computer work, looking for computer spin-offs, and being wary of sex-role stereotypes. (7 references) (MES)

Published
1988

3. The SNAP System for Inservice Training of Regular Educators. Final Project Report.

Author

Maryland Univ., College Park. Inst. for the Study of Exceptional Children and Youth., Malouf, David B., and Pilato, Virginia H.

Abstract

This report discusses a project to develop, test, and disseminate the SNAP (Smart Needs Assessment Program) system for needs assessment and inservice training of regular educators to work with students with disabilities. The SNAP system is an expert system that defines the training needs of individual teachers and links these needs with training experiences. The system's three modules provide: (1) background information on professional roles, special education students, and general approaches for mainstreaming; (2) information on approaches to improving reading, mathematics, and general learning; (3) information on behavioral and emotional management. The system helps the teacher to define his or her training needs and interests and recommends appropriate training materials from the approximately 175 items included in the system. This report describes activities during the third year of the project and includes a paper by V. H. Pilato and others titled "SNAP System End of Second Year Evaluation." One-page summaries of 125 learning strategies in the expert system knowledge base are provided. These learning strategies focus on such topics as encouraging students to speak up, improving reading comprehension with semantic mapping, graphic organizers, and teaching time using the whole clock method. One-page summaries of 54 behavior strategies (such as contingency contracting, learning stations, and attending to student feelings) are also provided. Also included are text versions of the learning strategy selector knowledge base, the behavior strategy selector knowledge base, and the batch files. (17 references) (JDD)

Published
1991

4. How Expert Systems Can Make Hypertext More Usable.

Author

Glover, Kyle S.

Abstract

Describes what expert systems are. Explains that they can make hypertext more usable by allowing the author's expertise to reside with the document, in effect performing run-time audience analysis, customizing documents to users' needs, advising users in selecting documents, and choosing effective reading strategies. (SR)

Published
1994

5. Knowledge Bases in Teacher Education: A Conceptual Model.

Author

Moore, Kenneth D. and Hopkins, Scott

Abstract

Claims that knowledge about how content, students, and learning interact with pedagogical knowledge when decisions are made in the teaching environment must be a central concern of teacher education programs. Provides a model by which an awareness of such knowledge can be imparted. (HB)

Published
1992

6. Computer-Assisted Diagnosis in Reading: An Expert Systems Approach.

Author

McEneaney, John E.

Abstract

Introduces some basic concepts on which expert systems are based. Considers how expert systems might be productively applied in education. Describes an experimental expert system with applications in reading diagnosis and teacher training. (SR)

Published
1992

8. Teaching Library Skills for the 1990s.

Author

Buboltz, Dale

Abstract

Includes 10 articles that address issues involved in teaching library skills in middle schools and junior and senior high schools. Topics discussed include computer-based technology; blending print and electronic sources; search strategies for online systems; expert systems for reference questions; information skills and thinking skills; and teacher/librarian cooperation. (LRW)

Published
1991

9. The evolution of computer-based information systems in specialist activities in the professions

Author

Lane, Victor P.

Subjects
005, Expert systems
Abstract

In the first chapter, the author explains his interest in computer-based information systems combined with their interactions with and use by members of the professions, as an on-going research focus and topic. After basic definitions, the discussion moves to the professions that are considered in the thesis and the organisational contexts in which their interactions with information systems occur. Finally, the chapter considers (1) the relevance of dissemination of research results as an integral and essential part of the research process and (2) the author's value framework, within which the studies described in the thesis are presented. The following chapter contains a review of research approaches employed in information systems and software engineering research. These approaches are examined to indicate how and where they have been used in the studies presented in the author's published papers reprinted in chapters three to nine. Because of the predominance of the action research perspective taken by the author, the rationale and results that can be achieved from the action research approach are specifically examined. Finally, chapter two considers the advantages of problem-driven research and the need for a diverse range of research approaches in information systems research. The following seven chapters are reprinted copies of published papers, four from journals and three from conferences. Chapter 3 describes a management problem related to ancillary works of the Thames Barrier; chapter 4 describes optimisation techniques and minimum cost design as used by engineers; chapter 5 describes an accountant's management information system; chapter 6 describes a knowledge-based system related to the selection of pacemakers for a cardiologist; chapter 7 relates to education of engineers in mid-career; and chapters 8 and 9 relate to the education of medical students and doctors in mid-career. The final chapter, chapter 10, reflects on the work described in the earlier chapters; and on factors which might have affected the outcomes of the research. These factors include (1) the role of the author who for periods operated as a consultant-researcher, and (2) the fact that the studies were undertaken in organisations and situations in which a managerialist climate existed. This is followed by research conclusions and implications for future research.

Published
1996